The Diversity Species of Medicinal Plants in The Martelu Purba Nature Reserve, North Sumatra

Indonesia was known as a country that has high biodiversity, some of them are various types of medicinal plants. Since the first, Indonesian people have used medicinal plants in traditional medicine. This research was conducted in the Martelu Purba Nature Reserve (MPNR), Purba District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra. MPNR is a nature reserve consisting of high biodiversity, some of them are medicinal plants. However, the information on medicinal plants in this area is rarely documented even though they have a meaningful contribution as traditional medical treatments for indigenous communities. This study aims to identify all plant species found in the MPNR. This method of research was carried out by exploring key informants, namely the manager of the nature reserve and the local community. Determination of the number of respondents is done by the snowball sampling method. The results showed that there were 44 species of medicinal plants found in the MPNR consisting of 33 families, where the most families were from the Arecaceae family, which was 17.24%. Based on habitus, medicinal plants found in  MPNR consist of 20 tree species (45.45%), 13 herb species (29.54%), 5 palm species (11.36%), 4 shrub species (9.09 %), and 2 species from epiphytes (4,54%). Based on the intended use of medicinal plants used as fever, cough, diarrhea, diabetes, wounds, asthma, malaria, and others. Based on the part of the plant that has been used, 19 species from leaves (42.22%), 7 species from fruit/seed (15.90%), 6 species from all plant parts (13.63%), 5 species from bark (11.36%), 2 species from roots (4.54%), 1 species from resin (9.09%), 1 species from the flower (9.09%), 1 species from bark and seeds (9.09%), 1 species from wood (9 .09%), and 1 species from bark and leaves (9.09%). Medicinal plant species found in the MPNR must be conserved to maintain their sustainability and can be used sustainably

Optimizing Genomic DNA Isolation and PCR Amplification For Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia)

Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) is a shrubs growing wildly in the forests of Southeast Asia and widely used throughout the region because of its medicinal properties. Uncontrolled harvesting of wild-grown trees has led to rapid decrease of it natural populations, as well as causing a potential decrease in genetic diversity. Information about population genetic of pasak bumi still not determined yet, including the optimal DNA isolation and it reference marker. Therefore, our research was conducted to get information about optimal DNA isolation using CTAB methods and reference marker for population genetic study. DNA isolation was conducted through CTAB (Cetyl Trimetyl Ammonium Bromide) method. The yield DNA was PCR amplified using four barcoding standard marker those were ITS, matK, rbcL and trnL-trnF. The result showed that CTAB method was able to yield good quality DNA and 30% dilution produced the best band. The trnL-trnF primer was able to amplified DNA of pasak bumi with 50∘C annealing temperature, rbcL with 55∘C annealing temperature and ITS with 50∘C annealing temperature. While the matK primer failed to amplified.     Keywords: DNA, genetic, isolation, amplification, pasak bum

Mangrove Nurseries as an Effort for Rehabilitation and Optimizing the Functions of Coastal Ecosystem Areas in Bandar Khalifah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province

The coastal area of ​​Serdang Berdagai district, Bandar Khalifa sub-district, has a population of 25,857 people With 80% working as fishermen, which is still dominated by small-scale fishing, This coastal area has a high diversity of mangroves, However, based on a survey, the mangrove ecosystem in this location has begun to be damaged and competition with trawl fishing boats, damage and competition result in a decrease in the catch of small fishermen, so that the optimization of the ecological area needs to be done through the implementation of mangrove rehabilitation, nurseries and the application of fishing aids, with the aim of increasing the catch of fishermen, The approach method used demonstration and counseling methods, socialization of activities by delivering material to mitra in the form of sharing sessions, followed by field practice with mangrove nurseries carried out by the community service team,  Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries extension and fishing mitra POKMASWAS Elang Putih and fishermen group KUB Bina Usaha Mandir

DNA Barcoding of Rattan (Arecaceae) From Gunung Walat Education Forest, Sukabumi-West Java

Rattan is a forest plant that has high economic and ecological value. This species grows in various habitats because of its good adaptability. Gunung Walat education forest (GWEF) is an ex-situ conservation location owned by IPB University and rattan conservation potential. In 2005 rattan were planted in this area from some material source in Indonesia, but the information regarding its identity was still limited. Therefore, this study aims to identify rattan in GWEF using barcode methods. Four barcoding those were rbcL, matk K, psbA-trnH, and ITS 1 was used for this purpose. Molecular analysis was conducted through DNA extraction using the CTAB method, DNA quality and quantity observation using electrophoresis and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification. The result of this research showed that DNA barcodes show a differen