Massive Splenic Pseudocysts : Report of 2 cases

Splenic cysts can be classified as parasitic and nonparasitic. Non parasitic cysts can be further divided into true and pseudocysts. Pseudocysts of spleen does not contain an epithelial lining. Pseudocysts of spleen are usually post traumatic and they rarely grow to a large size and most of them are asymptomatic. It can be confused with cystic lesions of spleen or pancreas or from the surrounding structures. These cases require exploration and is both diagnostic and therapeutic. Conservative measures to preserve spleen can be considered only in presence of expertise and if remnant functional splenic parenchyma is more than 25 %. Here we present two cases of giant pseudocysts who were confused with malignancy and referred to our centre and were later found to be pseudocysts of spleen. We would like to report these cases as they are rare and as diagnostic dilemmas

Epitheloid Variant of Angiomyolipoma in a Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis.

Epitheloid angiomyolipoma of kidney is a type of Perivascular endothelial cell derived tumor with an aggressive behaviour with specific pathological, immunohistochemistrical and genetic characteristics. They can occur in a pure form or in assosciation with classical angiomyolipoma. It can be assosciated with tuberous sclerosis in 50% of cases. Our case is a possible case of tuberous sclerosis with epitheloid angiomyolipoma, hepatic angiomyolipoma and lymphangioleiomyomatosis with normal MRI brain and no cutaneous features. Radical nephrectomy with biopsy of hepatic lesion was performed. Histopathological examination revealed epitheloid variant with features of angiomyolipoma. It is six months post surgery and patient is doing well with no evidence of recurrence. Epitheloid angiomyolipoma is a rare malignancy with only 120 cases reported in literature

Absolute depth using low-cost light field cameras

Digital cameras are increasingly used for measurement tasks within engineering scenarios, often being part of metrology platforms. Existing cameras are well equipped to provide 2D information about the fields of view (FOV) they observe, the objects within the FOV, and the accompanying environments. But for some applications these 2D results are not sufficient, specifically applications that require Z dimensional data (depth data) along with the X and Y dimensional data. New designs of camera systems have previously been developed by integrating multiple cameras to provide 3D data, ranging from 2 camera photogrammetry to multiple camera stereo systems. Many earlier attempts to record 3D data on 2D sensors have been completed, and likewise many research groups around the world are currently working on camera technology but from different perspectives; computer vision, algorithm development, metrology, etc. Plenoptic or Lightfield camera technology was defined as a technique over 100 years ago but has remained dormant as a potential metrology instrument. Lightfield cameras utilize an additional Micro Lens Array (MLA) in front of the imaging sensor, to create multiple viewpoints of the same scene and allow encoding of depth information. A small number of companies have explored the potential of lightfield cameras, but in the majority, these have been aimed at domestic consumer photography, only ever recording scenes as relative scale greyscale images. This research considers the potential for lightfield cameras to be used for world scene metrology applications, specifically to record absolute coordinate data. Specific interest has been paid to a range of low cost lightfield cameras to; understand the functional/behavioural characteristics of the optics, identify potential need for optical and/or algorithm development, define sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy characteristics and limiting thresholds of use, and allow quantified 3D absolute scale coordinate data to be extracted from the images. The novel output of this work is; an analysis of lightfield camera system sensitivity leading to the definition of Active Zones (linear data generation good data) and In-active Zones (non-linear data generation poor data), development of bespoke calibration algorithms that remove radial/tangential distortion from the data captured using any MLA based camera, and, a light field camera independent algorithm that allows the delivery of 3D coordinate data in absolute units within a well-defined measurable range from a given camera

Self-administered medical abortion pills: evaluation of the clinical outcome and complications among women presenting with unsupervised pill intake to a tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional study

Background: In India, it is becoming a public health problem due to easy over-the-counter abortion pill availability despite the legal ban, widespread misuse by non-allopath doctors, dais and quacks, and ignorance on part of women. The pills are being dispensed blindly without proper medical evaluation and even without ruling out the contraindications. In India, abortion facility is available legally under the MTP act, 1971.Methods: Its cross-section study including 81 patients presenting to outpatients and emergency department of obstetrics and Gynecology, in RL Jalapa Hospital and Research Centre affiliated to Sri Deva Raj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar between December 2020 and February 2021, a study conducted among women with a history of unsupervised pills abortion pill intake.Results: In the study 35% were in the age group 19 to 20 years, 45% were in the age group 21 to 25 years and 20% were in the age group 26 to 30 years. 55% were from joint family and 45% were from nuclear family, 76.2% were multigravida and 23.8% were primigravida.Conclusions: This study shows strict legislation and restriction required the sale of abortion pills for public use. The drug should be available only via health care facilities under the super version during an abortion. Creating awareness regarding contraception and effective method to fulfil the unmet need for contraception will be useful avoid the harmful practice of self-administered abortion pills and reducing maternal mortality

Research Notes : United States : Evaluation of soybean germplasm for stress tolerance biological efficiency : To evaluate soybean germplasm and cultivars for stress tolerance toward : Pests

Soybean maturity groups V, VI, VII, and VIII have been screened systematically and accessions possessing potential source of natural resistance to Mexican Bean Beetle (MBB) have been identified along with several highly suscep-tible accessions for future studies. About 75% of the germplasm of maturity groups III and IV has been screened initially in 1985. A detailed copy of the screened germplasm can be obtained from scientists at Virginia State Univesit

Research Notes : United States : Evaluation of soybean germplasm for stress tolerance and biological efficiency : To evaluate soybean germplasm and cultivars for stress tolerance toward - Pest and Diseases

A total of 1,273 soybean germplasm lines and 39 commercial varie-ties were screened for natural resistance to Mexican bean beetle (MBB) under field conditions. There were 421, 314, 266, 136, and 136 germplasm and varieties from maturity groups VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X, respectively. An average of 1,000 laboratory-reared adult MBB per day were released uniformly over all the field throughout the growing season from May until September to create an adequate MBB infestation

Neonatal effects of maternal magnesium sulphate in preeclampsia: a case control study

Background: Preeclampsia is a significant public health problem in developed and developing countries. It is a multi-organ system disorder, hence making it demanding to find out severity markers.4 Awareness, recognition and knowledge of risk factors of preeclampsia will assist in predicting and lessen the recurrence of preeclampsia. In severe cases of preeclampsia and in eclampsia, magnesium sulfate is an effective anticonvulsant.Aims and objectives were: to document the clinical parameters of patients with or more than 28-week gestation having preeclampsia or eclampsia receiving magnesium sulphate and patients with or more than 28-week gestation having preeclampsia but not receiving magnesium sulphate; and to compare and study the obstetric and neonatal outcomes between the groups.Methods: A case control study was performed among patients who delivered at RLJH hospital during study period (July 2020-July 2021), subjects who were administered magnesium sulphate due to maternal conditions were taken as cases and the subjects who did not receive magnesium sulphate were taken as controls. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were compared between both the groups. Data was entered in Microsoft excel sheet. Unpaired t test was performed. P value less than 0.0001 was considered significant.Results: Magnesium sulphate did not have significant effects on the neonatal and obstetrical outcome.Conclusions: The association between magnesium sulphate administration and neonatal outcomes were studied and it concludes that the administration of magnesium sulphate for the mother didn’t have significant effects on the neonatal and obstetrical outcome

A cross sectional study of coagulation profile in term normotensive pregnancy and hypertensive disorders like preeclampsia, eclampsia

Background: Normal pregnancy is a procoagulant state. In preeclampsia, this process of coagulation is exaggerated and will lead to further effects on the mother, placenta and fetus. The purpose of this study is to find out the changes that occur in the coagulation indices in pregnancy induced hypertension as compared to that in normal pregnancy which will help in the better management of patients with pregnancy induced Hypertension.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in 116 patients with normotensive and patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy conducted in a tertiary medical facility. Coagulation parameters like platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, bleeding time and clotting time were evaluated. We used the difference of 5% in mean PT between normotensive (control) and hypertensive patients by applying 80% power and alpha error of 5%.Results: Platelet counts of study population were significantly related to the prognosis of the patient. The cut off values of major parameters like aPtt, BT with the outcome were with p value of 0.37 and 0.76 respectively.Conclusions: In cases of pregnant complicated with HDP, parameters like coagulation profile, bleeding time, clotting time were probably useful indicators in the early diagnosis and management of severe morbidity of the mother and the fetus. Further prospective trials with large study population are warranted to evident these results