Federated Sensor Network architectural design for the Internet of Things (IoT)

An information technology that can combine the physical world and virtual world is desired. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept system that uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), WSN and barcode scanners to sense and to detect physical objects and events. This information is shared with people on the Internet. With the announcement of the Smarter Planet concept by IBM, the problem of how to share this data was raised. However, the original design of WSN aims to provide environment monitoring and control within a small scale local network. It cannot meet the demands of the IoT because there is a lack of multi-connection functionality with other WSNs and upper level applications. As various standards of WSNs provide information for different purposes, a hybrid system that gives a complete answer by combining all of them could be promising for future IoT applications. This thesis is on the subject of `Federated Sensor Network' design and architectural development for the Internet of Things. A Federated Sensor Network (FSN) is a system that integrates WSNs and the Internet. Currently, methods of integrating WSNs and the Internet can follow one of three main directions: a Front-End Proxy solution, a Gateway solution or a TCP/IP Overlay solution. Architectures based on the ideas from all three directions are presented in this thesis; this forms a comprehensive body of research on possible Federated Sensor Network architecture designs. In addition, a fully compatible technology for the sensor network application, namely the Sensor Model Language (SensorML), has been reviewed and embedded into our FSN systems. The IoT as a new concept is also comprehensively described and the major technical issues discussed. Finally, a case study of the IoT in logistic management for emergency response is given. Proposed FSN architectures based on the Gateway solution are demonstrated through hardware implementation and lab tests. A demonstration of the 6LoWPAN enabled federated sensor network based on the TCP/IP Overlay solution presents a good result for the iNET localization and tracking project. All the tests of the designs have verified feasibility and achieve the target of the IoT concept

STAIR's risk of bias: Yes = low risk of bias, No = high risk bias, Unclear = unclear risk of bias.

<p>STAIR's risk of bias: Yes = low risk of bias, No = high risk bias, Unclear = unclear risk of bias.</p

Subgroup analysis by cancer type, target, generation, animal model, and publication year.

<p>Subgroup analysis by cancer type, target, generation, animal model, and publication year.</p

The efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy in animal models for solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>Most recently, an emerging theme in the field of tumor immunology predominates: chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy in treating solid tumors. The number of related preclinical trials was surging. However, an evaluation of the effects of preclinical studies remained absent. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted on the efficacy of CAR in animal models for solid tumors.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The authors searched PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google scholar up to April 2017. HR for survival was extracted based on the survival curve. The authors used fixed effect models to combine the results of all the trials. Heterogeneity was assessed by I-square statistic. Quality assessment was conducted following the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable standard. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test.</p><p>Results</p><p>Eleven trials were included, including 54 experiments with a total of 362 animals involved. CAR immunotherapy significantly improved the survival of animals (HR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13–0.37, P < 0.001). The quality assessment revealed that no study reported whether allocation concealment and blinded outcome assessment were conducted, and only five studies implemented randomization.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This meta-analysis indicated that CAR therapy may be a potential clinical strategy in treating solid tumors.</p></div

Quality assessment of the included trials.

<p>Quality assessment of the included trials.</p

Forest plot of the meta-analysis for the hazard ratio.

<p>Forest plot of the meta-analysis for the hazard ratio.</p

Characteristics of the included animal studies.

<p>Characteristics of the included animal studies.</p

Subgroup meta-analysis of the NLR and OS.

<p>Subgroup meta-analysis of the NLR and OS.</p

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts PSA Response and Prognosis in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - Fig 2

<p>Forest plot and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the association between an elevated NLR and PSARS (A), BCR (B), PFS (C), RFS (D), OS (E).</p

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts PSA Response and Prognosis in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - Fig 3

<p>Forest plot and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the association between an elevated NLR and PSARS (A), BCR (B), PFS (C), RFS (D), OS (E).</p