A Sociological Investigation About the Stress and Family Adjustment Among Parents of Intellectual Developmental Disability Students

The study was designed to collect the information necessary to understand the families of children with Intellectual developmental disability. It was descriptive research for data collection researcher used questionnaire as a tool. The population of the present study was the parents of intellectual developmental disability (IDD) children from the special schools in Bahawalpur City. A sample of 50 parents was selected from different socio-economics status and educational background in Bahawalpur city. Parents were suitably available. The parents were seeing after the children with intellectual developmental disability (IDD) of different severity levels. Data was collected by using questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS. Major findings revealed that majority of parents were satisfied with their current life

Immature rat seminal vesicles show histomorphological and ultrastructural alterations following treatment with kisspeptin-10

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Degenerative effects of critical regulators of reproduction, the kisspeptin peptides, on cellular aspects of sexually immature male gonads are known but similar information on accessory sex glands remain elusive.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Prepubertal laboratory rats were injected kisspeptin-10 at three different dosage concentrations (10 pg, 1 ng and 1 microgram) for a period of continuous 12 days at the rate of two doses per day. Control rats were maintained in parallel. The day following the end of the experimental period, seminal vesicles were removed and processed for light and electron microscopic examination using the standard methods. DNA damage was estimated by DNA ladder assay and DNA fragmentation assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results demonstrated cellular degeneration. Epithelial cell height of seminal vesicles decreased significantly at all doses (<it>P </it>< 0.05). Marked decrease in epithelial folds was readily noticeable, while the lumen was dilated. Ultrastructural changes were characterized by dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, heterochromatization of nuclei, invagination of nuclear membranes and a decreased number of secretory granules. Percent DNA damage to the seminal vesicle was 19.54 +/- 1.98, 38.06 +/- 2.09 and 58.18 +/- 2.59 at 10 pg, 1 ng and 1 microgram doses respectively.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The study reveals that continuous administration of kisspeptin does not lead to an early maturation but instead severe degeneration of sexually immature seminal vesicles.</p

Impediments of Women Empowerment for Participation in Democratic Process: Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan

Women are one half of the world still they are the marginalized group in population. Despite of the critical role that women play in sustaining the family, and the contributions they make to economic and other development of Pakistani societies, they have largely been excluded from participation in the decision-making processes and mainstream activities of the most facts of life, including politics. The present study was used to find out the impediments of women empowerment for participation in democratic process. The major objective of the study was to examine the causes that hinder the participation of women in democratic process and the factors effecting decision-making of women in democratic process. The present study was a qualitative in nature and the universe of the population was all the women politicians of Local Government. The researcher conducted 05 in-depth interviews from female politicians of councilors by convenient sampling. The major finding of this study was that there are many obstacles are faced by women in their political career and those who had political background didn’t face any barriers in their political life

Exploring the Role of Social Media towards Employees Work Place Relation

The study titled as “Exploring the Role of Social Media towards Employees Work Place Relation”. Survey research method was selected to complete this study. The objectives i.e. to examine risks of social media at workplace. Through questionnaire as tool, survey was conducted. Tool of data collection was created on Likert scale format. The data regarding all faculty members in six faculties (as universe of study) under study was taken from respective registrar offices of the university. In this study through convenient sampling technique data was collected. For calculation of representative sample, Raosoft sampling calculator has been used. Total sample was found equal to 227 out of 552. When the researcher collected all the data from the given respondents then it was analyzed and run systematically by a computer program name SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Hence, Majority i.e., (55.9) % respondents use WhatsApp. Overall, WhatsApp was the most used social networking site. Maximum respondents agreed that Social media diverts attention of employees from assigned tasks. Maximum respondents agreed that Social media is being used for making propaganda against other employees. Maximum respondents agreed that Social media is breach of confidentiality for employees

Volatile Constituents of Leaves of Trifolium alexandrinum

This study presents the volatile constituents from leaves of Trifolium alexandrinum from Pakistan. The dried leaves were subjected to hydrodistillation for extraction and extracted volatile oil was subsequently characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique. A total of 22 compounds were identified where the most dominant constituents were: phytol (46.00%), palmitic acid (9.26%), phytol acetate (6.44%), and linolenic acid (3.47%). Most of these are well-known constituents to exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities

THE ROLE OF BRAND EXPERIENCES TOWARDS HAPPINESS OF YOUNG INDIVIDUALS

This study examines the role of brand experiences towards happiness of young individuals. It was quantitative study where survey research method has been adopted, employing the questionnaire as an instrument of data collection. Demographic variables such as gender, age, qualification, area of study and locale were also included in the study. A sample of 384 students was selected by using proportional allocation method. Data was collected from four universities of &nbsp;Punjab,Pakistan that includes; the Islamia university of bahawalpur, University of Punjab, Govt college university of Faisalabad, and Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan.&nbsp; Statistical analysis of the data was done through SPSS. The findings show that happiness is significantly negatively correlated with brand consumption. Findings also show that the majority of young individuals purchased apparel brands. This study can be helpful in better understanding of youth’s experience towards brands and its effects on their happiness. Despite of the growing tendency for luxury brands products now a days, a few types of researches have been concluded to find out the link between brands experiences and happiness level of young individuals. To better understand the role of brand experiences towards happiness of young individuals; this research inspected the happiness level of university students in details

GIFTED STUDENTS AND NORMAL CLASSROOM LEARNING: A STUDY FOR STRATEGIES TOWARD UNDERSTANDING AND TEACHING

The scene of instruction is changing, and teachers in the customary study hall are relied upon towards the chance of fluctuated requirements by assorted students through developed levels towards responsibility. Numerous teachers recognize that students show up in their heterogeneous classroom with varying degrees of improvement, interests, and openness to a plenty of conditions and encounters. The expanding variety of the students’ populace, combined with new responsibility frameworks, fuels the numerous boundaries for giving proper guidance, particularly for gifted students. A focused group discussion was done for data collection. 06 experts from academia sector were selected for this task. After that problem and solutions had been analyzed by the using of thematic analysis. This article talks about the most well-known obstructions teachers face when giving difficulties to gifted students, and proposes procedures and answers for limiting those boundaries to advance ability improvement and use viable informative systems for gifted students in the normal classrooms

Decellularized Human Umbilical Tissue-Derived Hydrogels Promote Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Tissue engineering is a promising approach for the repair and regeneration of cartilaginous tissue. Appropriate three-dimensional scaffolding materials that mimic cartilage are ideal for the repair of chondral defects. The emerging decellularized tissue-based scaffolds have the potential to provide essential biochemical signals and structural integrity, which mimics the natural tissue environment and directs cellular fate. Umbilical cord-derived hydrogels function as 3D scaffolding material, which support adherence, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of cells due to their similar biochemical composition to cartilage. Therefore, the present study aimed to establish a protocol for the formulation of a hydrogel from decellularized human umbilical cord (DUC) tissue, and assess its application in the proliferation and differentiation of UC-MSCs along chondrogenic lineage. The results showed that the umbilical cord was efficiently decellularized. Subsequently, DUC hydrogel was prepared, and in vitro chondral differentiation of MSCs seeded on the scaffold was determined. The developed protocol efficiently removed the cellular and nuclear content while retaining the extracellular matrix (ECM). DUC tissue, pre-gel, and hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy, which confirmed the gelation from pre-gel to hydrogel. SEM analysis revealed the fibril morphology and porosity of the DUC hydrogel. Calcein AM and Alamar blue assays confirmed the MSC survival, attachment, and proliferation in the DUC hydrogels. Following seeding of UC-MSCs in the hydrogels, they were cultured in stromal or chondrogenic media for 28 days, and the expression of chondrogenic marker genes including TGF-β1, BMP2, SOX-9, SIX-1, GDF-5, and AGGRECAN was significantly increased (* p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, the hydrogel concentration was found to significantly affect the expression of chondrogenic marker genes. The overall results indicate that the DUC-hydrogel is compatible with MSCs and supports their chondrogenic differentiation in vitro

DIVERISTY and enzymatic potential of indigenous bacteria from unexplored contaminted soils in Faisalabad

Bacteria residing in contaminated waste soil degrade and utilize organic and inorganic material as a source of nutrients as well as reduce environmental contamination through their enzymatic machinery. This enzymatic potential of indigenous bacteria can be exploited at industrial level through detailed screening, characterization, optimization and purification. In present study, diversity and enzymatic potential of indigenous bacteria was investigated through qualitative and quantitative screening methods from unexplored contaminated soil waste sites in Faisalabad. Shannon diversity (H’) index revealed that twenty-eight soil samples from four contaminated sites were highly diverse of amylase, protease and lipase producing bacteria. Maximum protease producing bacteria were detected in fruit waste (1.929 × 107), whereas amylase and lipase producing bacteria were found in industrial (1.475 × 107) and (5.38 × 106), in household waste soil samples. Most of the indigenous bacterial isolates showed potential for multiple enzymes. An isolate OC5 exhibited capability for amylase production and optimization at a wider range of cultural conditions; pH (6–8), temperature (25 °C, 37 °C, 45 °C), incubation time (24–72 h), and NaCl concentrations 0.5–13%, using (1%) starch and lactose as substrates. An isolate OC5 was identified by molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis showed 99% sequence similarity with Bacillus spp. ANOVA was used to analyzed all data statistically. This study enhances the importance of initial screening and reporting of industrially potent indigenous bacteria from unexplored contaminated waste soils. In future, indigenous bacteria in contaminated wastes may be good candidates to solve various environmental pollution problems