Editorial: The Dimensions of the Veterinary Profession

An editorial examining the dimensions and subdisciplines of the veterinary profession

Validation and determination of a reference interval for Canine HbA1c using an immunoturbidimetric assay

Background: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) provides a reliable measure of glycemic control over 2–3 months in human diabetes mellitus. In dogs, presence of HbA1c has been demonstrated, but there are no validated commercial assays. Objective: The purpose of the study was to validate a commercially available automated immunoturbidimetric assay for canine HbA1c and determine an RI in a hospital population. Methods: The specificity of the assay was assessed by inducing glycosylation in vitro using isolated canine hemoglobin, repeatability by measuring canine samples 5 times in succession, long term inter-assay imprecision by measuring supplied control materials, stability using samples stored at 4°C over 5 days and −20°C over 8 weeks, linearity by mixing samples of known HbA1c in differing proportions, and the effect of anticoagulants with paired samples. An RI was determined using EDTA-anticoagulated blood samples from 60 nondiabetic hospitalized animals of various ages and breeds. Hemoglobin A1c was also measured in 10 diabetic dogs. Results: The concentration of HbA1c increased proportionally with glucose concentration in vitro. For repeat measurements, the CV was 4.08% (range 1.16–6.10%). Samples were stable for 5 days at 4°C. The assay was linear within the assessed range. Heparin- and EDTA-anticoagulated blood provided comparable results. The RI for HbA1c was 9–18.5 mmol/mol. There was no apparent effect of age or breed on HbA1c. In diabetic dogs, HbA1c ranged from 14 to 48 mmol/mol. Conclusions: The assay provides a reliable method for canine HbA1c measurement with good analytic performance

Hats Off To The ISU Veterinarian

We salute and commend the Veterinary Student Staff and Faculty Adviser of the Iowa State University Veterinarian for its excellent 50th Anniversary Edition commemorating its heritage, recording present events of students and faculty, and reporting current scientific knowledge of importance to the veterinary profession. It was the first veterinary student publication of its kind in the United States and first known as the Veterinary Student from 1938-1949, Iowa State College Veterinarian from 1950-1959, and Iowa State University Veterinarian from 1960 to date

The Veterinary Profession In East Africa

The veterinary profession in Kenya, Uganda and Tanganyika merits the plaudits and sincere appreciation of the livestock industry and the people of these countries. The veterinarians have done a superb job in the control and prevention of animal diseases in this country. Through their research, dissemination of intelligent veterinary information, and realistic, sensible veterinary practices, the livestock industry has made unbelievable progress in East Africa. Agriculture is one of the important keys in the continuing advancement and development of this country or any area of the world

The Vector Analyzing Power in Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering

We compute the vector analyzing power (VAP) for the elastic scattering of transversely polarized electrons from protons at low energies using an effective theory of electrons, protons, and photons. We study all contributions through second order in $E/M$, where $E$ and $M$ are the electron energy and nucleon mass, respectively. The leading order VAP arises from the imaginary part of the interference of one- and two-photon exchange amplitudes. Sub-leading contributions are generated by the nucleon magnetic moment and charge radius as well as recoil corrections to the leading-order amplitude. Working to ${\cal O}(E/M)^2$, we obtain a prediction for $A_n$ that is free of unknown parameters and that agrees with the recent measurement of the VAP in backward angle $ep$ scattering.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures. Typos fixe

Reversible Eu²⁺ ↔ Eu³⁺ transitions at Eu‐Si interfaces

Valence switching at Eu‐Si interfaces is demonstrated by resonant photoemission during repeated oxidation‐reduction cycles performed by room‐temperature O2 exposure and mild heating. The Eu2+ ↔ Eu3+ transitions are accompanied by Fermi level switching associated with changes in the stoichiometry of the surface heterostructure. The ability to cycle between two well‐defined magnetic states at a surface may be attractive in technological applications

Scalable Spin Amplification with a Gain over a Hundred

We propose a scalable and practical implementation of spin amplification which does not require individual addressing nor a specially tailored spin network. We have demonstrated a gain of 140 in a solid-state nuclear spin system of which the spin polarization has been increased to 0.12 using dynamic nuclear polarization with photoexcited triplet electron spins. Spin amplification scalable to a higher gain opens the door to the single spin measurement for a readout of quantum computers as well as practical applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to infinitesimal samples which have been concealed by thermal noise.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Identification of Bacterial Pathogens of Poultry by Practicing Veterinarians

Since diagnosis is paramount to the solution of a poultry disease problem, the experienced practitioner realizes that he cannot rely entirely on a good case history, symptoms and lesions found at necropsy to establish a positive diagnosis in many instances. The alert veterinarian soon learns that various diseases may manifest themselves in a similar manner. In such cases a differential diagnosis is essential if subsequent treatment, control measures and eradications are to be effective