Vitamin D and Human Reproduction

Vitamin D is one of the steroid hormones. The precursor of vitamin D, 7-dehydrocholesterol, which is an intermediary for cholesterol pathway, is available in the skin. Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation makes the transformation of 7-dehydrocholesterol to provitamin D3, which automatically isomerizes to cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). Vitamin D3 is secreted into blood circulation and carried by the vitamin D–binding protein (VDBP). Around 80–90% of vitamin D is from sunlight-derived production in the skin. A little amount of vitamin D is also extracted from foods and/or additional supplementation. Vitamin D has been well known for its function in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization. Accumulating evidence from animal and human studies suggests that vitamin D also modulates reproductive processes in women and men and is involved in many functions of the reproductive system. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D–metabolizing enzymes are found in reproductive tissues of women and men. This chapter presents an up-to-date review for describing the function of vitamin D in female reproduction throughout reproductive ages from menarche to menopause, during pregnancy and lactation, and some disorders affecting women and also the role of vitamin D applied to male fertility

Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes : A systematic review

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Investigating the clinical utility of the Anti-Mullerian Hormone Testing for the prediction of age at menopause and assessment of functional ovarian reserve : A practical approach and Recent Updates

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Maternal hyperandrogenism is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight in adolescent and adult female offspring : a long‑term population‑based follow‑up study

Author’s accepted manuscript (postprint).This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Springer in Journal of Endocrinological Investigation on 19/01/2022.Available online: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40618-021-01721-2acceptedVersio

Residential relocation and travel behavior change:Investigating the effects of changes in the built environment, activity space dispersion, car and bike ownership, and travel attitudes

The influence of residential relocation, as a life event, on travel behavior has become the focus of research on determinants of travel behavior in recent years. Although several studies have investigated the influence of changes in the built environment of the residential environment, the complex relationships between the built environment, travel attitudes and travel behavior has remained controversial. One crucial research gap in this area is the paucity of longitudinal and semi-longitudinal research designs that could capture the influence of changes in the built environment, activity space dispersion, car and bike ownership, latent attitudes towards travel, as well as travel behavior, and the interrelationships between these factors. This study attempts to fill this gap by collecting retrospective travel behavior and attitudinal data in Helsinki Metro- politan Area using an online map-based survey tool. In total, 1321 residents who had relocated to a new residential location between three to eleven months prior to the survey date participated in the study. The study collected data related to common home-based trips during a typical week in September 2017 and September 2018, stated change in the use of different modes of transport after the move, as well as socio-demographic, and attitudinal data before and after the move. Based on residential location and the visited destinations during a typical week, respondents’ activity space dispersion was measured. Structural equation modelling was then used to inves- tigate the interrelationships between changes in the built environment, activity space dispersion, car and bike ownership, travel attitudes, and travel behavior. Results indicate the existence of reciprocal influences between changes in car and bike ownership, travel attitudes, and travel behavior. It is also found that the built environment can modify and change travel related atti- tudes and influence activity space dispersion, which in turn affects travel behavior. The results of this study support theeffectiveness of nudging approaches rather than marketing activities in changing travel attitudes and encouraging sustainable travel behavior.Peer reviewe

Effectiveness of antidiabetic agents for treatment of gestational diabetes : A methodological quality assessment of meta-analyses and network meta-analysis

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