Save Antibiotics: a call for action of the World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR)

International audienceResistance to antibiotics has recently increased dramatically worldwide. The pipeline of new classes of antibiotics is dry for at least the next few years. Therefore antibiotic resistance represents one of the most problematic public health issues of our time. Treatment failures already happen in increasing numbers for common community-acquired infections, such as urinary tract infections or intra-abdominal infections. This is due in particular to Enterobacteriaceae harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). Enterobacteriaceae harboring carbapenemases are also highly prevalent in many countries. In the future, difficult surgical procedures, transplants, and other immunosuppressive therapies may become very risky. Resistance is mainly due to an excessive usage of antibiotics, in both humans and animals, and to cross-transmission of resistant bacteria. Action is urgently needed. Therefore, a World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR) was created in 2011. It includes healthcare professionals, consumers, health managers, and politicians. We present here the main measures proposed by the Alliance, as a result of a strong consensus between the different stakeholders, including general practitioners and veterinarians

Detection chain and electronic readout of the QUBIC instrument

The Q and U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) Technical Demonstrator (TD) aiming to shows the feasibility of the combination of interferometry and bolometric detection. The electronic readout system is based on an array of 128 NbSi Transition Edge Sensors cooled at 350mK readout with 128 SQUIDs at 1K controlled and amplified by an Application Specific Integrated Circuit at 40K. This readout design allows a 128:1 Time Domain Multiplexing. We report the design and the performance of the detection chain in this paper. The technological demonstrator unwent a campaign of test in the lab. Evaluation of the QUBIC bolometers and readout electronics includes the measurement of I-V curves, time constant and the Noise Equivalent Power. Currently the mean Noise Equivalent Power is ~ 2 x 10⁻¹⁶ W/√Hz

Detection chain and electronic readout of the QUBIC instrument

The Q and U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) Technical Demonstrator (TD) aiming to shows the feasibility of the combination of interferometry and bolometric detection. The electronic readout system is based on an array of 128 NbSi Transition Edge Sensors cooled at 350mK readout with 128 SQUIDs at 1K controlled and amplified by an Application Specific Integrated Circuit at 40K. This readout design allows a 128:1 Time Domain Multiplexing. We report the design and the performance of the detection chain in this paper. The technological demonstrator unwent a campaign of test in the lab. Evaluation of the QUBIC bolometers and readout electronics includes the measurement of I-V curves, time constant and the Noise Equivalent Power. Currently the mean Noise Equivalent Power is ~ 2 x 10⁻¹⁶ W/√Hz

Effets de la fermentation des glucides sur la motricité phasique et tonique du colon chez l'homme sain

PARIS7-Bibliothèque centrale (751132105) / SudocSudocFranceF

WAAR (World Alliance against Antibiotic Resistance): Safeguarding antibiotics

<p>Summary</p> <p>Resistance to antibiotics has increased recently to a dramatic extend, and the pipeline of new antibiotics is almost dry for the five next years. Failures happen already for trivial community acquired infections, like pyelonephritis, or peritonitis, and this is likely to increase. Difficult surgical procedures, transplants, and other immunosuppressive therapies will become far more risky. Resistance is mainly due to an excessive usage of antibiotics, in all sectors, including the animal one. Action is urgently needed. Therefore, an alliance against MDRO has been recently created, which includes health care professionals, consumers, health managers, and politicians. The document highlights the different proposed measures, and represents a strong consensus between the different professionals, including general practicionners, and veterinarians.</p

Gut microflora : digestive physiology and pathology

The human body-a master at adaptation-has learnt how to exploit to its own advantage the many and various species which compose the gut microflora and which mediate, multiple physiological roles: fermentation; immunoregulatory activity; effects on intestinal motility, vascularisation and trophicity; and defences against infections agents. It is the relationship between host and microflora that dermes the "intestinal ecosystem". However, balance in this ecosystem is fragile and its perturbation is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse digestive conditions. In recent years, the importance of the microflora has inspired a great deal of research based on the tools of modern molecular biology, microbiology and medicine. Moreover, the old idea of positively modulating an unbalanced microflora or inducing beneficial effects by administering selected, live microorganisms has seen a resurgence of interest with the development of the concept of "probiotic" microorganisms. The purpose of this profoundly multidisciplinary volume is to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date review of what is known about the gut microflora and its impact on digestive physiology and pathology for physicians, pharmacists, veterinarians, researchers and students interested in this fascinating subject