Lie Group Analysis of Natural Convection Heat and Mass Transfer in an Inclined Surface

Natural convection heat transfer fluid flow past an inclined semiinfinite surface in the presence of solute concentration is investigated by Lie group analysis. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations by the translation and scaling symmetries. An exact solution is obtained for translation symmetry and numerical solutions for scaling symmetry. It is found that the velocity increases and temperature and concentration of the fluid decrease with an increase in the thermal and solutal Grashof numbers. The velocity and concentration of the fluid decrease and temperature increases with increase in the Schmidt number

Moving Women of Color from Reliable Voters to Candidates for Public Office

In recent presidential elections, women, people of color, millennials, and new immigrants shaped the outcomes of those elections. Women of color standing at the nexus of two underrepresented groups in politics- racial minorities and women- demonstrated their commitments to democracy by maintaining their traditions as reliable voters, far exceeding expectations. In this project, we ask what is necessary to move these women of color from reliable voters to candidates for political office and locate our answer with women of color. They are doing much of the work to deepen democratic engagement in communities of color, namely mobilizing voters and political candidates. They are redefining democratic inclusion, reshaping the electorate, and they stand to change the demographics of voters and officeholders alike. Likewise, they are redefining and disrupting traditional notions of political actors. How and why they see this as important work for themselves and their communities helps us to understand how people challenge exclusions and make a place for themselves, particularly in the political sphere which is marked by white, male dominance. Scholars have not documented this significant role women of color are playing in extending democracy and this documentation is critical to preserving women of color’s historic contributions to formal electoral politics. While the existing scholarship is rich in denoting the propensity of women of color to act as social change agents, we lag behind in scholarship recognizing the richness of their contributions to formal electoral politics. Their contributions deserve to be recorded and linked to the long line of scholarly engagements with women of color activism and leadership. We begin the project by establishing the landscape of existing WOC organizations, civic groups, collaborations and projects engaged in this work including the full landscape of programs, initiatives and organizations seeking to mobilize women of color as voters and political candidates. We explore their origin stories and contributions to civic engagement of marginalized groups. Our long term goals of the project are to strengthen the capacity of these organizations by bringing attention to their contributions; sharing best practices across groups that are not currently networked; and to leverage resources to strengthen their capacities

Enzymatic Depilation of Animal Hide: Identification of Elastase (LasB) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCM B-327 as a Depilating Protease

Conventional leather processing involving depilation of animal hide by lime and sulphide treatment generates considerable amounts of chemical waste causing severe environmental pollution. Enzymatic depilation is an environmentally friendly process and has been considered to be a viable alternative to the chemical depilation process. We isolated an extracellular protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain MCM B-327 with high depilation activity using buffalo hide as a substrate. This 33 kDa protease generated a peptide mass fingerprint and de novo sequence that matched perfectly with LasB (elastase), of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In support of this data a lasB mutant of MCM B-327 strain lacked depilatory activity and failed to produce LasB. LasB heterologously over-produced and purified from Escherichia coli also exhibited high depilating activity. Moreover, reintroduction of the lasB gene to the P. aeruginosa lasB mutant via a knock-in strategy also successfully restored depilation activity thus confirming the role of LasB as the depilating enzyme

Prognostic significance of CD44s expression in resected non-small cell lung cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>CD44s is a cell adhesion molecule known to mediate cellular adhesion to the extracellular matrix, a prerequisite for tumor cell migration. CD44s plays an important role in invasion and metastasis of various cancers. In the present study, we sought to determine whether CD44s is involved in clinical outcomes of patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using immunohistochemical staining, we investigated CD44s protein expression using tissue array specimens from 159 patients with resected NSCLC (adenocarcinoma (AC; <it>n </it>= 82) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; <it>n </it>= 77). Additionally, the immunoreactivity of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 was also studied. The clinicopathological implications of these molecules were analyzed statistically.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>High CD44s expression was detected more frequently in NSCLC patients with SCC (66/72; 91.7%) than in those with AC histology (<it>P <</it>0.001). Additionally, high CD44s expression was significant correlated with more advanced regional lymph node metastasis (<it>P </it>= 0.021). In multivariate analysis of survival in NSCLC patients with AC histology, significant predictors were lymph node metastasis status (<it>P </it>< 0.001), high-grade tumor differentiation (<it>P = </it>0.046), and high CD44s expression (<it>P = </it>0.014). For NSCLC patients with SCC histology, the significant predictor was a more advanced tumor stage (<it>P = </it>0.015). No significant association was found between CD44s and clinical outcome (<it>P </it>= 0.311).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>High CD44s expression was a negative prognostic marker with significance in patients with resected NSCLC, particularly those with AC histology, and was independent of tumor stage.</p

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Density functional theory study of the carbon chains C

A theoretical study of CnX, CnX+ and CnX- (X = O and Se; n = 1-10) clusters is carried out employing the density functional theory and the B3LYP functional. All species are fully optimized using the basis set 6-31G(d) for all atoms and further, single-point computations are done using the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level. Molecular properties such as equilibrium parameters, dipole moment, infrared vibrational frequencies, Raman activities and rotational constant are predicted. The computations indicate that the equilibrium structures are either linear or quasi-linear. We report the different forms of electron affinities, ionization energy, atomization energy and binding energy of the CnO and CnSe chains. The results indicate parity effect is very apparent for electron affinity, ionization energy, and binding energy but the effect is less pronounced for atomization energy. The n-even linear chains have larger ionization energy and atomization energy than the n-odd ones but this effect is reversed for electron affinity. The findings from this work are critically discussed and they are very similar to those obtained previously for the hetero-atom doped carbon chains. This research indicates that n-odd carbon chains are more stable than n-even and this is the trend for the chalcogens carbon chains

Painleve analysis of a class of nonlinear diffusion equations

We study the Painleve analysis for a class of nonlinear diffusion equations. We find that in some cases it has only the conditional Painleve property and in other cases, just the Painleve property. We also obtained special solutions

Adsorption Mechanisms of 6-Chloro-3-Hydroxy-2-Pyrazinecarboxamide on Pristine, Si- and Al-Doped C60 Fullerenes: A DFT Study

Fullerenes have been of research interest and they have been particularly studied for their possible applications as drug delivery vehicles. In the present research, the optimized molecular geometries, electronic properties and the possible interaction mechanisms between C60, Si- or Al-doped C60 and 6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide were investigated using quantum mechanical calculations. The calculated binding energies to the Si- and Al-doped fullerenes suggest that doping of fullerene nanocage enhances the interaction mechanism and alters the chemical and electronic properties. The results and parameters found in this research reveal further insight into drug delivery systems. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Interaction between doped C60 fullerenes and piperazine-2,3,5,6-tetraone: DFT simulation

Piperazine and tetraone-related compounds are widely used in the drug industry. Heteroatom-doped fullerenes are studied as new types of sensor devices, and medical applications are studied as drug delivery vehicles. In this work, Si- or Al-doped C60 fullerenes and their interactions with piperazine-2,3,5,6-tetraone (ppto) molecule and some important structural or electronic properties were examined using the density functional theory (DFT). Results indicate that doped C60 fullerenes might be used to diagnose the presence of ppto as delivery vehicle and sensor because of their high adsorption energies and change of band gap energies. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston