IMPROVING DETERMINISM OF WIRELESS/WI-FI USING CRITICAL NETWORK PARAMETERS

Techniques are described herein for improving wireless determinism by enhancing the Access Point (AP) join and client association processes. The AP join process may be enhanced by considering several factors to improve the determinism of wireless service. These factors include reliability, controller availability, network availability, and value-added services. Similarly, the client association process may also be enhanced by considering these factors to select a better AP / Service Set Identifier (SSID)

Low voltage vertical recording preamplifier for hard disk drives

Higher data rate hard disk drives(HDD) and improved read channel electronics are demanding preamplifier performance be extended well beyond 1 Gb/s. Historically, preamplifier power requirements were of low priority; however, with increased demand for battery powered devices such as laptops, MP3 players, personal video recorders, andmanyother wireless hand-held devices, power consumption has become an important design parameter.Furthermore, in order to continue to increase drive capacities, new read-write head technologies(vertical recording and TGMR heads) are demanding innovative preamplifier circuitsolutions.Today's production preamplifiers possess a wide band response of 2.5 MHz-600 MHz; however next generation preamplifiers willrequire response greater than 250 KHz-1 GHz.Low corner frequencies below 250 KHz present read recovery (sleep-to-read, write-to-read, etc) challenges which can limit drive capacity. This project targets a > 2 Gb/s TGMR (tunneling giantmagneto-resistive) read path for verticalrecording HDDs. A high performance BiCMOS process (IBM's 0.5?m 5HP process)is essential due to the large transconductances, low noise and highspeed requirements of the read path's first stage. System frequency limitations at the input are a result of the large TGMR read sensor and preamplifier input capacitance. Due to read head and preamplifier manufacturingvariations, resistive feedbackaroundthe firststage is usedto seta controlled input impedance targeted to match the interconnect transmission line. Head resistance variations lead to gain variations; however, the TGMR element becomes more sensitive with larger resistance. This, to a first order approximation, acts like an automatic gain control and reduces variations in gain due to the head

Carboxylesterases from the seeds of an underutilized legume, Mucuna pruriens; Isolation, purification and characterization

Two carboxylesterases (ME-III and ME-IV) have been purified to apparent homogeneity from the seeds of Mucuna pruriens employing ammonium sulfate fractionation, cation exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, gel-permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-100 and preparative PAGE. The homogeneity of the purified preparations was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), gel-electrofocussing and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weights determined by gel-permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-200 were 20.89 kDa (ME-III) and 31.62 kDa (ME-IV). The molecular weights determined by SDS-PAGE both in the presence and absence of 2-mercaptoethanol were 21 kDa (ME-III) and 30.2 kDa (ME-IV) respectively, suggesting a monomeric structure for both the enzymes. The enzymes were found to have Stokes radius of 2.4 nm (ME-III) and 2.7 nm (ME-IV). The isoelectric pH values of the enzymes, ME-III and ME-IV, were 6.8 and 7.4, respectively. ME-III and ME-IV were classified as carboxylesterases employing PAGE in conjunction with substrate and inhibitor specificity. The K m of ME-III and ME-IV with 1-naphthyl acetate as substrate was 0.1 and 0.166 mM while with 1-naphthyl propionate as substrate the K m was 0.052 and 0.0454 mM, respectively. As the carbon chain length of the acyl group increased, the affinity of the substrate to the enzyme increased indicating hydrophobic nature of the acyl group binding site. The enzymes exhibited an optimum temperature of 45 °C (ME-III) and 37 °C (ME-IV), an optimum pH of 7.0 (ME-III) and 7.5 (ME-IV) and both the enzymes (ME-III and ME-IV) were stable up to 120 min at 35 °C. Both the enzymes were inhibited by organophosphates (dichlorvos and phosphamidon), but resistant towards carbamates (carbaryl and eserine sulfate) and sulphydryl inhibitors (p-chloromercuricbenzoate, PCMB). © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Paratricepital approach for open reduction and internal fixation of delayed presentation of pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture

Background: Delayed presentation of pediatric displaced supracondylar humerus fracture is relatively common. Management of such cases have higher incidence of perioperative complications and usually require open reduction and pinning. Open reduction can be done by various approaches, each having its own advantage and disadvantages.Methods: A prospective study was done comprising 20 children with displaced Supracondylar fracture presented 2-14 days of injury, Mean patient age was 6 years. 15 were boys and 5 were girls. Children in whom closed reduction and percutaneous pinning was achieved, vascular injury and more than 2 weeks old fracture cases were excluded. Paratricepital approach was used for Open reduction and pinning for all the cases. The functional outcome was assessed using Flynn criteria.Results: In all cases the fracture had united at complete follow-up and the mean follow-up period was 16 months. The outcome was excellent in 15 (75%), good in 3 (15%), fair in 1 (5%), and poor in 1 (5%) patients. The mean Baumann angle was 76º in the affected elbow and 73º in the normal elbow. Average time for complete union in the current study was 7 weeks. Pin tract infection was seen in 2, stiffness in 2 patients, cubitus varus in 1 patient. No case of compartment syndrome or iatrogenic nerve injury was seen was recorded.Conclusions: Finally, we concluded that triceps sparing paratricepital approach is an easy, simple and safe approach for exposure and internal fixation of supracondylar humeral fractures in children with excellent functional outcome

Povećana isporuka etopozida u Daltonov limfom u miševa pomoću micela s polisorbatom 20

The study evaluates the possibility of enhancing uptake of etoposide (topoisomerase II inhibitor) by tumor when delivered through Polysorbate 20 micelles. The micelle formation was ascertained by determining the critical micellar concentration (CMC) with a du Nouy ring tensiometer and by size measurement using dynamic light scattering. Addition of 5% ethanol decreased the CMC of Polysorbate 20 (from 5.0 x 10-5 to 4.54 x 10-5 mol L-1). Etoposide (ET) and etoposide loaded Polysorbate 20 micelles (EPM) were radiolabeled with 99mTc by the reduction method using stannous chloride. Labeling parameters were optimized to obtain high labeling efficiency. The diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and cysteine challenge tests showed very low transchelation of 99mTc-ET and 99mTc-EPM complexes indicating their in vitro stability. The complexes also exhibited serum stability assessed by ascending thin layer chromatography. Subcutaneous injection of EPM resulted in significantly higher tumor uptake (~ 100 folds compared to ET 6 h post injection) (p < 0.001) and prolonged tumor retention. Tumor uptake was also confirmed by gamma imaging studies. EPM exhibited relatively high brain concentrations (~7 fold 24 h post injection) compared to ET, suggesting the potential use of EPM in the treatment of brain malignancies.U radu je proučavan ulazak etopozida (inhibitora topoizomeraze II) u tumorsko tkivo iz micela s polisorbatom 20. Oblikovanje micela je potvrđeno određivanjem kritične micelarne koncentracije (CMC) pomoću du Nouy kružnog tenziometra i mjerenjem veličine čestica metodom rasapa svjetlosti. Dodatak 5% etanola smanjuje CMC polisorbata 20 (od 5,0 x 10-5 do 4,54 x 10-5 mol L-1). Etoposid (ET) i micele etoposida s polisorbatom 20 (EPM) obilježene su radioizotopom 99mTc redukcijom pomoću kositrova klorida. Parameteri markiranja su optimirani. Testovi s dietilentriamin pentaoctenom kiselinom i cisteinom pokazali su vrlo nisko transkeliranje 99mTc-ET i 99mTc-EPM kompleksa, što ukazuje na njihovu stabilnost u uvjetima in vitro. Uzlaznom tankoslojnom kromatografijom dokazana je i stabilnost kompleksa u serumu. Nakon subkutane primjene EPM isporuka etopozida u tumorsko tkivo bila je značajno veća (~ 100 puta u odnosu na ET 6 h poslije injiciranja) (p < 0,001), a dokazano je i produljeno zadržavanje EPM u tumoru. Ulazak u tumor je potvrđen i gama analizom slike. EPM je postigao relativno visoku koncentraciju u mozgu u usporedbi s ET (~ 7 puta veću 24 h poslije injiciranja), zbog čega bi se potencijalno mogao upotrijebiti u terapiji malignih tumora mozga

NODE AND SERVICE DISCOVERY IN WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONTROLLER CLUSTER ARCHITECTURES USING HYPERLEDGER

In the wireless cluster deployments, node discovery is a challenge. Further, it can be more challenging to discover the services running in such deployments. There are existing methods which use client side discovery and server side discovery that need a centralized Service Registry to maintain all available service instances. Presented herein are techniques that provide for the utilization of a private blockchain and HyperLedger in order to discover nodes and their services in wireless cluster deployments. Techniques of this proposal may provide for de‑centralizing node and service discovery in wireless cluster deployments without compromising authentication and security aspects. In one example, when a node comes up, it can authenticate itself with a Blockchain provider to be recognized as a legitimate node for a deployment. The node and services associated therewith would be added to the Ledger. The Ledger can be made available to all nodes in the deployment, which allows members to learn the node and service details and further communicate with the respective nodes for various services

Colon delivery of 5 – Fluoro uracil using cross-linked chitosan microspheres coated with eudragit S 100

5-Fluorouracil though recommended as a chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer, suffers from severe systemic toxicity and so needs site-specific delivery. Objective of present investigation is to design slow release enteric coated solid formulations to avoid drug release in stomach and upper small intestine but slowly to build up required drug concentration in the colon. Chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsification method using gluteraldehyde as cross linking agent. The microspheres were then coated with Eudragit S – 100 by emulsion solvent evaporation method. The coated microspheres were characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency and surface characteristics. In-vitro drug release profile was studied by changing pH media as per USP protocol and the data was subjected to kinetic interpretations. The optimized microspheres showed particle size in the range of 62 to 65 μm with 65 ± 2% drug entrapment. Eudragit coated chitosan microspheres showed particle size increase upto 390 ± 2 μm with nearly spherical shape and smooth surface. In vitro drug release profile of uncoated microspheres was typical like conventional dosage forms with 38 %, 62 % and 88 % drug release at the end of 2 hrs, 6 hrs and 10 hrs respectively. Coated microspheres showed no drug release in SGF (2hrs), negligible release (8 %) in 6hrs but substantial release of 95% in 24 hours in simulated colon media. Drug distribution in GI following oral administration of coated microspheres in wistar rats showed 84% of the drug accumulation in colon.Keywords: 5-FU; colon-targeting; chitosan; microspheres; Eudragit S-100

Povećana isporuka etopozida u Daltonov limfom u miševa pomoću micela s polisorbatom 20

The study evaluates the possibility of enhancing uptake of etoposide (topoisomerase II inhibitor) by tumor when delivered through Polysorbate 20 micelles. The micelle formation was ascertained by determining the critical micellar concentration (CMC) with a du Nouy ring tensiometer and by size measurement using dynamic light scattering. Addition of 5% ethanol decreased the CMC of Polysorbate 20 (from 5.0 x 10-5 to 4.54 x 10-5 mol L-1). Etoposide (ET) and etoposide loaded Polysorbate 20 micelles (EPM) were radiolabeled with 99mTc by the reduction method using stannous chloride. Labeling parameters were optimized to obtain high labeling efficiency. The diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and cysteine challenge tests showed very low transchelation of 99mTc-ET and 99mTc-EPM complexes indicating their in vitro stability. The complexes also exhibited serum stability assessed by ascending thin layer chromatography. Subcutaneous injection of EPM resulted in significantly higher tumor uptake (~ 100 folds compared to ET 6 h post injection) (p < 0.001) and prolonged tumor retention. Tumor uptake was also confirmed by gamma imaging studies. EPM exhibited relatively high brain concentrations (~7 fold 24 h post injection) compared to ET, suggesting the potential use of EPM in the treatment of brain malignancies.U radu je proučavan ulazak etopozida (inhibitora topoizomeraze II) u tumorsko tkivo iz micela s polisorbatom 20. Oblikovanje micela je potvrđeno određivanjem kritične micelarne koncentracije (CMC) pomoću du Nouy kružnog tenziometra i mjerenjem veličine čestica metodom rasapa svjetlosti. Dodatak 5% etanola smanjuje CMC polisorbata 20 (od 5,0 x 10-5 do 4,54 x 10-5 mol L-1). Etoposid (ET) i micele etoposida s polisorbatom 20 (EPM) obilježene su radioizotopom 99mTc redukcijom pomoću kositrova klorida. Parameteri markiranja su optimirani. Testovi s dietilentriamin pentaoctenom kiselinom i cisteinom pokazali su vrlo nisko transkeliranje 99mTc-ET i 99mTc-EPM kompleksa, što ukazuje na njihovu stabilnost u uvjetima in vitro. Uzlaznom tankoslojnom kromatografijom dokazana je i stabilnost kompleksa u serumu. Nakon subkutane primjene EPM isporuka etopozida u tumorsko tkivo bila je značajno veća (~ 100 puta u odnosu na ET 6 h poslije injiciranja) (p < 0,001), a dokazano je i produljeno zadržavanje EPM u tumoru. Ulazak u tumor je potvrđen i gama analizom slike. EPM je postigao relativno visoku koncentraciju u mozgu u usporedbi s ET (~ 7 puta veću 24 h poslije injiciranja), zbog čega bi se potencijalno mogao upotrijebiti u terapiji malignih tumora mozga

SECURE INTERNET OF THINGS ONBOARDING USING PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY AND DIFFIE-HELLMAN INTEGRATED ENCRYPTION SCHEME

Techniques are described for using public key cryptography and blockchain methods to automatically and securely on-board Internet of Things (IOT) devices. This is an improvement over typical approaches in which IOT devices are on-boarded to Wi-Fi® networks with a pre-shared key that could be built-in or configured through out-of-band connectivity (e.g., Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), etc.)

CHARACTERIZATION OF ALPHA-AMYLASE FROM THE SEEDS OF Mucuna pruriens

Amylases are hydrolytic enzymes which are widely distributed in nature, animals, plants and microorganisms. Amylases are of great significance in present-day biotechnology. In present study, amylases are isolated from the soaked seeds of Mucuna pruriens under extreme acidic conditions. Conventional protein purification techniques such as salt fractionation, ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose and sephadex G-75 was employed for the purification of amylase from the seeds of Mucuna pruriens. The amylase activity was eluted in one peak. The specific activity and yield of the purified amylase was 6.25 and 29.99, respectively. Native PAGE, SDS-PAGE and gel electrofocussing were employed to establish homogeneity of the purified amylase. SDS-PAGE and gel-filtration chromatography on sephadex G-75 was used to determine the molecular weight of the purified amylase. The purified amylase was nearly homogenous and its molecular weight was found to be 78.4 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature of the purified amylase were 7.0 and 50oC, respectively. The isolectric pH of the purified amylase was 7.2 and the activity was linear up to 60 minutes