Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network To Detect Hyperthermic Seizures In Rats

A three-layered feed-forward back-propagation Artificial Neural Network was used to classify the seizure episodes in rats. Seizure patterns were induced by subjecting anesthetized rats to a Biological Oxygen Demand incubator at 45-47ºC for 30 to 60 minutes. Selected fast Fourier transform data of one second epochs of electroencephalogram were used to train and test the network for the classification of seizure and normal patterns. The results indicate that the present network with the architecture of 40-12-1 (input-hidden-output nodes) agrees with manual scoring of seizure and normal patterns with a high recognition rate of 98.6%

Efficient Oblivious Branching Programs for Threshold and Mod Functions

AbstractIn his survey paper on branching programs, Razborov asked the following question: Does every rectifier-switching network computing the majority ofnbits have sizen1+Ω(1)? We answer this question in the negative by constructing a simple oblivious branching program of sizeO[nlog3n/loglognlogloglogn] for computing any threshold function. This improves the previously best known upper bound ofO(n3/2) due to Lupanov. We also construct oblivious branching programs of sizeo(nlog4n) for computing general mod functions. All previously known constructions for computing general mod functions have sizeΩ(n3/2)

Cancer Detection Using Neuro Fuzzy Classifier in CT Images

In this study, we have implemented an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for detection of mass in CT images for early diagnosis of lung cancer. After completion of preprocessing and segmentation process four features have been extracted from images and given to ANFIS classifier as an input. The fuzzy system detects the severity of the lung nodules depends on IF-THEN rules. Feature based data set has been created with five fuzzy membership functions of each input. The proposed model is applied on more than 150 images and the computer added diagnosis (CAD) system achieved sensitivity of 97.27% and specificity of 95% with accuracy of 96.66%

Mass Segmentation Techniques For Lung Cancer CT Images

Mass segmentation methods are commonly used nowadays in modern diagnostic centers and research centers working in the field of lung cancer detection and diagnosis. We have implemented k-means and fuzzy cluster means (FCM) techniques for mass segmentation of lung CT images. The methods were compared in terms of area, perimeter and diameter. FCM outperforms K-means in terms of better detection of lung cancer area and effective values of dimensional features of lung cancer as compared to K-means method

Improvement of renal profile in Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in albino wistar rats by edible macrofungi Dacryopinax spathularia and Schizophyllum commune

he present work has been taken to assess the pharmacological efficacy of two edible macrofungi Dacryopinax spathularia and Schizophyllum commune in the improvement of renal profile of Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino wistar rats. The intra-peritoneal administration of gentamicin 80 mg/Kg Body Weight per day had resulted in alterations in renal function and renal damage which was reflected by abnormal and significant (p=0.05) increase in renal function parameters of blood like Urea, Creatinine, Uric Acid and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). On administration of high dose (500 mg/Kg BW) of D. Spathularia extract to the nephrotoxic group of rats the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN significantly decreased from 104.26±7.45 to 76.27±7.24, 1.17±0.43 to 0.68±0.47, 3.68±1.34 to 2.58±0.56 and 48.72±4.36 to 31.14±3.76 respectively, in comparison to the nephrotoxic group of rats. On the other hand, the administration of high dose (500 mg/Kg BW) of S. commune extract to the nephrotoxic group of rats resulted into significant (p=0.05) decrease in the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN, from 104.26±7.45 to 51.42±6.15, 1.17±0.43 to 0.62±0.14, 3.68±1.34 to 2.36±0.74 and 48.72±4.36 to 28.65±3.85 respectively, in comparison to the nephrotoxic group of rats. The results also revealed that S. commune extract showed comparatively more efficacy in the renal profile improvement of nephrotoxic rats in comparison to the D. spathularia extract

THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROCALCITONIN AS A BIOMARKER FOR SEPSIS IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS- A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Introduction: The complicated condition known as sepsis is characterized by life-threatening organ failure brought on by an unbalanced host response to infection. It has received attention for its early detection and rapid supply of antimicrobials because it is linked to considerable morbidity and mortality rates in both adults and children. With higher diagnostic and prognostic utility for bacterial infections, procalcitonin is a recognized biomarker for bacterial sepsis in the non-pregnant population. Method: Children who were admitted between January 2022 and December 2022 to the paediatric intensive care unit at Nalanda Medical College and Hospital with sepsis or septic shock ranged in age from 28 days to 14 years. The children were divided into two groups: the septic shock group (SSG; n = 43) and the sepsis group (SG; n = 47). Procalcitonin levels were assessed at admission (T0) and again 12 hours later (T12h), with the following classifications based on the results: 0.5 ng/mL = sepsis improbable; 0.5 to 2 = sepsis possible; 2 to 10 = systemic inflammation; and 10 = septic shock. Result: At T0, there were more SSG patients in the highest PCT class than SG patients [SSG: 30 (38.9%) > SG: 29 (36.2%); p<0.02]. In comparison to the other classes, the proportion of SSG patients in this highest PCT class was higher (p<0.02; 10 = 38.9%; 2 to 10 = 28.5%; 0.5 to 2 = 28.5%). Procalcitonin behaved similarly at T0 and T12 hours. Conclusion: Sepsis can be distinguished from septic shock by procalcitonin, which can also help with pediatric septic disease diagnosis and may be associated with severity. Recommendation: Along with procalcitonin, other definitive tests must also be conducted in context with information from clinical data for sepsis diagnosis

Laparoscopic Management of Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: A Case Report

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is an uncommon disorder characterized by postprandial abdominal pain, vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. The symptoms are due to the MAL compressing the celiac artery and irritating the celiac plexus/ganglion. We report the case of one patient who presented with chronic abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, and weight loss. Computed tomography angiography led to the diagnosis of MALS. The patient was treated surgically by laparoscopic division of the MLA and excision of the celiac plexus. He was discharged on day two without complications. On one-month follow-up, he was symptom-free, eating well, and had gained weight. He is on regular follow-up

Pleurotus tuber- regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer a potent source of antioxidant

Mushrooms have been used as traditional source of nutritional food and medicinal suppliments. P. tuber-regium has been well known edible fungi and posses bioactive mycochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, glycosides, proteis, fattyacids etc. and possess good antioxidant activity. Among estimated biochemicals alkaloid was found in high quantity (28.14 ± 0.32mg/100g) and tannin in low quantity (2.74 ± 0.26mg/100g). The mushrooms extract also posses good antioxidant potentiality. Estimated freeradical scavenging cativity was 8.98±1.02%, hydroxy radical scavenging activity was 10.85±0.73% and total antioxidant capacity of the crude extract was 21.50±1.3% at 100µg/100mL concentration of extract

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: a rare case report of a female child emphasizing physiotherapy on gross motor function

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a chromosomal segment 16p13.3 microdeletion syndrome and is characterized by CREBBP gene mutations, delay in the development of height and weight, distinctive facial features, broad and sometimes angulated thumbs and halluces, short stature, and intellectual impairment that is mild to extreme. Current literature emphasizes mainly medical, dental, and psychiatric issues in RSTS and there is no retrievable literature on physiotherapy and its role in improving motor function in RSTS. The present case report is of a baby girl of 17 months suspected case of RSTS, presented with all the features of RSTS. Delay in the acquisition of skills and development were the chief complaints. We designed a 12-week treatment regimen that concentrated mainly on transitions using principles of neurodevelopmental therapy. Gross motor function measure (GMFM 88) was taken pre- and post-treatment which showed tremendous improvement. This is the first study on the role of physiotherapy in RSTS