Identification of Fast Radio Bursts using Transfer Learning Approach with Data Augmentation

The universe has many mysteries, such as pulsars, dying stars, supernovae, and fast radio bursts (FRBs), FRBs are millisecond long radio signals, detected as a spike in radio-telescope data. Identification of Fast Radio Bursts from available data involves manual inspection of exhaustive data/plots. Radio Frequency Interference in pose a major challenge in identification of Fast Radio Bursts due to their abundance in the observatory data. We present a machine-learning-aided system, which screens telescope-generated data and identifies potential Fast Radio Burst candidates in it. Proposed system employs Convolutional Neural Networks and Transfer Learning to classify potential Fast Radio Bursts from Radio Frequency Interference from data recorded by the uGMRT. We have used data simulation tools to synthesize additional samples in order to make up for the paucity of data. The VGG16-based model displayed the best receiver operating characteristics curve with the area under curve being 0.90 along with an accuracy of 90.67%

Circular economy adoption challenges in the food supply chain for sustainable development

Food loss and waste are major issues in the food industry, and they affect all stages of the food supply chain (FSC). Food loss and waste are linked to environmental deterioration, economic loss, and an increase in hunger. Therefore, the food industry requires sustainable consumption and production (SCP) to reduce losses and waste. The circular economy (CE) concept has become a popular strategy for reducing food waste and boosting sustainability. Therefore, with efficient reverse logistics in the FSC, food producers can help achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) like SCP and zero hunger. In literature, minimal research has been available in identifying the CE adoption challenges in FSC. This research identifies 15 critical challenges from the literature and discussion with the panel of experts. The relationship between the challenges has been established through an interpretive structural modeling (ISM) technique. The challenges were characterized in cause–effect according to their relational intensity obtained using the grey decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. Grey's relational theory is applied in DEMATEL to minimize uncertainty and vagueness of the expert judgment. The findings of this study suggest that creating policy from the government, providing incentives, and strictly enforcing environmental regulations are the most critical challenge. Hence, by focusing on the above, the effective adoption of the CE principle is achieved. This result also suggests that by addressing the challenges of CE, corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be performed. This study provides some recommendations for the practitioners to adopt CE towards sustainable development targets

From failure to success: a framework for successful deployment of Industry 4.0 principles in the aerospace industry

Purpose The paper proposes a framework for the successful deployment of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) principles in the aerospace industry, based on identified success factors. The paper challenges the perception of I4.0 being aligned with de-skilling and personnel reduction and instead promotes a route to successful deployment centred on upskilling and retaining personnel for future role requirements. Design/methodology/approach The research methodology involved a literature review and industrial data collection via questionnaires to develop and validate the framework. The questionnaire was sent to a purposive sample of 50 respondents working in operations, and a response rate of 90% was achieved. Content analysis was used to identify patterns, themes, or biases, and the data were tabulated based on specific common attributes. The proposed framework consists of a series of gates and criteria that must be met before progressing to the next gate. Findings The proposed framework provides a feedback mechanism to review minimum standards for successful deployment, aligned with new developments in capability and technology, and ensures quality assessment at each gate. The paper highlights the potential benefits of I4.0 implementation in the aerospace industry, including reducing operational costs and improving competitiveness by eliminating variation in manufacturing processes. The identified success factors were used to define the framework, and the identified failure points were used to form mitigation actions or controls for inclusion in the framework. Originality/value The paper provides a framework for the successful deployment of I4.0 principles in the aerospace industry, based on identified success factors. The framework challenges the perception of I4.0 as being aligned with de-skilling and personnel reduction and instead promotes a route to successful deployment centred on upskilling and retaining personnel for future role requirements. The framework can be used as a guideline for organizations to deploy I4.0 principles successfully and improve competitiveness

Advancing the digital frontier in agri-food supply chains

EditorialIn recent years, the agri-food industry has witnessed a transformative wave propelled by digital technologies, revolutionizing the way we perceive and manage the entire supply chain. This special issue delves into the intricate landscape of digital solutions and their profound impact on enhancing transparency, security, and efficiency within agri-food supply chains

Clinicocytopathological study of breast lump in the non-malignant categories

Background: Benign breast lesions are common clinical presentation in women. The early detection and diagnosis play an important role in the treatment of various breast lesions.Aims and Objectives: The aim is to study various cytological changes in non-malignant breast lesions and its clinical correlation.Materials and Methods: This is prospective, observational, analytical study in a consecutive 50 cases of breast lump at tertiary care hospital.Results: A total of 50 breast lumps were studied for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Among which, 48 patients were female and 2 were male. The age range was from 15 to 62 years. The common age group affected was in 21–30 years of age. The most common clinical presentation was breast lump followed by pain in the breast. The left side breast was more affected (56%) than the right side. Among non-malignant breast lesions, fibroadenoma (48%) was common diagnosis, followed by mastitis (28%), fibrocystic change (10%), papilloma (4%), gynecomastia (4%), lipoma (2%), simple cyst (2%), and benign phyllodes (2%). The cytological diagnosiswas correlated with histopathology which showed accuracy in 91.66%.Conclusion: In our study, benign breast lesion of fibroadenoma was the most common benign breast lesion and the younger age group 21–30 years was found most commonly affected. FNAC is also very useful in diagnosing inflammatory lesions so that they can be treated as early as possible

Enablers to achieve zero hunger through IoT and blockchain technology and transform the green food supply chain systems

Food security necessitates a multifaceted strategy, ranging from social protection to providing healthy food. Change in existing food systems is needed to create a more equitable and sustainable society. Hunger is one of the significant challenges in the world that arise due to food insecurity, bad quality, food waste, and losses that leads to damage of public health. The implementation of green food supply chain management (GFSCM) practices in the food supply chain helps in lowering food wastage, carbon emissions, food quality, and safety. To strengthen food security/safety and quality, digital transformation of the supply chain is required, and IoT and blockchain can help in achieving this. Digital transformation of GFSCM has helped to improve food security, safety and quality control. This study identifies modern enablers of food security, safety and quality that transform the GFSCM through Internet of things (IoT) and blockchain to reduce hunger. Zero hunger goal is far behind in India as India reported 117th rank in hunger index, indicating an urgent need to study the digital transformation in green food supply chain towards achieving food quality and security. In this study twelve enablers out of 16 suggested in earlier literatures has been selected and reconfirmed with the feedback of seventeen academia and Industrial experts from Indian food supply chain. We used a two-step combined Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Analytical Network Process (ANP) technique to examine the enablers contextual interrelationships and significance weights. Findings reveal that IoT and blockchain technologies are the main actuators of the contemporary GFSCM enabling system. ISM provides eight core enablers system that can transform the GFSCM digitally to achieve food quality and security along with achieving zero hunger (SDG2). Inventory management is the least ranked enabler, whereas IoT and blockchain are the top two. Towards achieving zero hunger, some management, theoretical, and policy implications have been suggested

Ensuring food security and sustainability in the face of crises

Editoria

Challenges to Lean 4.0 in the pharma supply chain sustainability

The Pharma sector is increasingly under pressure to improve the sustainability of supply chains, as consumers and regulators require greater transparency, efficiency, and accountability. Although Lean 4.0 has created a lot of buzz in the organization, the pharmaceutical sector faces challenges in implementing it. The main goal of this literature review is to identify the challenges of Lean 4.0 for the sustainability of the pharma supply chains (PSCs). A series of papers extracted from the most relevant scientific databases, including the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest was analyzed and synthesized from 2007 to 2022. 31 articles were used in the study. The findings of the study indicate that challenges include financial, staff experience and specialization, ongoing maintenance, resources for generating new skills and experiences, employees, and partners’ resistance to changes in regulations, and cyber-hacking of key information. The results will facilitate future work by practitioners and researchers and make an important contribution to existing knowledge