Heterogeneity in Ty1-copia group of retroelements in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genome

Retrotransposons constitute a major fraction of plant genomes and these elements may have played a significant role in evolution and sequence organization of genomes. In order to access the diversity of Ty1-copia group of retroelements, reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences were amplified from chickpea genome, using the primers derived from two conserved domains of RT region. Thirty-six RT regions from independent amplicons were cloned and sequenced. On the basis of homology of deduced amino acids, the RT sequences could be grouped into three major families. The intra-family divergence at amino acid level ranges from 2 to 19%. Though intra-family RT sequences were conserved but no two sequences were identical. The results indicate a high degree of heterogeneity among the Ty1-copia group of retroelements from chickpea. It was possible to isolate RT specific sequences from RNA isolated from stressed seedlings, indicating that some of the retroelements may be functional under certain stress conditions

A Classical Geometric Relationship That Reveals The Golden Link in Nature

This paper introduces the perfect complementary relationship between the 3-4-5 Pythagorean triangle and the 1:2: right-angled triangle. The classical geometric intimacy between these two right triangles not only provides for the ultimate geometric substantiation of Golden Ratio, but it also reveals the fundamental Pi: Phi correlation (π: φ), with an extreme level of precision, and which is firmly based upon the classical geometric principles

Effect of rotation on anisotropic scattering suspension of phototactic algae

In this article, the effect of rotation on the onset of phototactic bioconvection is investigated using linear stability theory for a suspension of forward-scattering phototactic algae in this article. The suspension is uniformly illuminated by collimated flux. The bio-convective instability is characterized by an unstable mode of disturbance that transitions from a stationary (overstable) to an overstable (stationary) state as the Taylor number varies under fixed parameters. It is also observed that the suspension has significant stabilizing effect due to rotation of the system

Effect of forward scattering and rigid top surface on the onset of phototactic bioconvection in an algal suspension illuminated by both oblique collimated and diffuse irradiation

The effect of the rigid top surface on the onset of phototactic bioconvection is investigated using linear stability theory for a suspension of forward-scattering phototactic algae in this article. The suspension is uniformly illuminated by both diffuse and oblique collimated flux. The nature of disturbance of bio-convective instability transits from a stationary (overstable) to an overstable (stationary) state as the forward scattering coefficient varies under fixed parameters. In presence of rigid top surface, the suspension becomes more stable as the forward scattering coefficient increases

Phototactic bioconvection with the effect of oblique collimated flux at forward scattering algae suspension in rotating medium

The primary objective of this article is to explore how rotation influences the initiation of phototactic bioconvection. This investigation is conducted through the application of linear stability theory to a suspension composed of forward-scattering phototactic algae. The suspension is uniformly exposed to oblique collimated flux. The bioconvection phenomenon is characterized by an unstable disturbance mode that undergoes a transition from a stationary state to an oscillatory state as the Taylor number varies while keeping other parameters constant. Additionally, it is noteworthy that rotation of the system has a substantial stabilizing effect on the suspension

Antibacterial Screening of Some Newly Synthesized Cinnamo Hydroxamic Acids

Newly synthesized cinnamo hydroxamic acids (CHA), N-methyl cinnamo hydroxamic acid (MCHA), N-benzyl cinnamo hydroxamic acid (N-BCHA), p-methyl benzyl cinnamo hydroxamic acid (p-CH3BCHA) and p-chloro benzyl cinnamo hydroxamic acid (p-ClBCHA), were synthesized and characterized by 1HNMR, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These compounds are shows bacteristatic and bactericidal properties by the interaction of bacterial cell wall with two process bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors and disruption of protein synthesis. The bacterial cell growth zone of inhibition by these compounds (CHA, MCHA, N-BCHA, p-CH3BCHA, p-ClBCHA) for Lactobacillus are 13 mm, 17 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 22 mm and for Escherichia coli are 14 mm, 16 mm, 19 mm, 12 mm, 20 mm, at 1000 ppm respectively. Detailed analysis shows that these compounds are good cell growth of inhibition by the study of antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Keywords: Cinnamo hydroxamic acids, Antibacterial, Inhibition, Bacterial, Activity

Rotation and Oblique Irradiation Effects on Phototactic Algal Suspension Instability

In this study, we aim to explore the behavior of microorganisms in response to natural lighting conditions, considering the off-normal angles at which the sun strikes the Earth's surface. To achieve this, we investigate the effect of oblique irradiation on a rotating medium, as this combination represents a more realistic scenario in the natural environment. Our primary focus is on understanding the phototactic behavior of microorganisms, which refers to their movement towards or away from light. Under conditions of low light, microorganisms tend to exhibit positive phototaxis, moving towards the light source, while in intense light, they display negative phototaxis, moving away from the light source. By studying a suspension that is illuminated by oblique collimated flux with a constant radiation intensity applied to the top surface, we can gain insights into how microorganisms respond to varying light conditions and rotation. The stability analysis is conducted using linear perturbation theory, which allows us to predict both the stationary and oscillatory characteristics of the bio-convective instability at the onset of bioconvection. Through this analysis, we observe that rotation plays a significant stabilizing role in the system, while oblique irradiation has a destabilizing effect on the suspension.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2306.1447

A combined effect of rigid top surface with diffuse and oblique collimated irradiation on the stability of the suspension of phototactic microorganisms

This article explores how a rigid top surface with diffuse and oblique collimated irradiation affect isotropic scattering algal suspensions. When the fluid flow becomes zero, the suspension reaches a steady (basic) state where up-and-down swimming occurs due to interplay of phototaxis and diffusion. For purely scattering suspensions, a bimodal steady state occurs due to scattering, which reverts to a unimodal steady state as the angle of incidence increases with fixed other governing parameters. To check the linear stability of the suspension, a small perturbation to the basic state are considered and the perturbed equations are solved by using the Newton-Raphson-Kantorovich (NRK) iterative method. The linear stability of the same suspension predicts both stable and oscillatory nature of disturbance for specific parameter ranges. A rigid top surface, as well as diffuse and oblique collimated irradiation, make the suspension more stable.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2302.1092