FEM simulation of three-point bending test of Inconel 718 coating on stainless steel substrate

Three-point bending test is conducted by help of Finite Element Method to find out mechanical properties of Inconel 718 coating on stainless steel. For doing this ANSYS package are employed to visualise exact situation of bending test so that can find out stress field developed during the test. A 3D modelling of coating and substrate material is used. Load versus displacement relationships is compared with reference results. It is noticed that yield stress of substrate material is higher than the tensile stress of substrate and coating. Due to this reason there is initiation of crack at coating-substrate interface and it is propagated which leads to failure with applied load

Numerical analysis of temperature distribution in sliding contacts of pin on disc model

Pin on disc is a tribosystem confirming to ASTM G99, is employed in this work. It consists of deformable cylindrical disc and rigid pin with friction. Coating of Inconel 712 is added on stainless steel disc and pin is made of SiC3. The FEM software ANSYS R19.1 is employed for simulation of temperature distribution produced due to friction between pin on disc. Stress distribution is calculated from result produced between pin and disc interface due to applied contact load on pin. The governing equation is mentioned in introduction section. Result showing as contact load on pin increases maximum principle stress is increases. Temperature rises in direct proportion with sliding distance and time. Simulation result validates and confirmed with experimental results

Studies of the strobilurins and related polyketide metabolites of wood-rotting fungi

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DXN058850 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

A New Fractional Modelling on Susceptible-Infected-Recovered Equations with Constant Vaccination Rate

In this article, the authors introduce a fractional order SIR model with constant vaccination rate. The SIR model has been used in the modeling of several epidemiological diseases, biology and medical sciences. Qualitative results show that the model has two equilibria; the disease free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium points. The local stability of the model for fractional order time derivative is analyzed using fractional Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion. The fractional derivative is described in Caputo sense. The results obtained through numerical procedure show that the method is effective and reliable

<span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US; mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-GB">A comparative study of immobilized lipase produced from <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Penicillium chrysogenum</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style:italic"> SNP5 on two different anionic carriers for its pH and thermostability</span></span>

301-305The present work aimed to increase the thermostability and pH stability of lipase produced from Penicillium chrysogenum SNP5 using different anionic carriers. The immobilized lipase from the fungus on 1.25% sodium alginate beads and 12% polyacrylamide beads retained 37.28 and 59.75% immobilization efficiency, respectively, on 3 mm bead size. Immobilized lipase on calcium alginate and polyacrylamide beads retained 56.16 and 91.11% of its initial activity after 3rd use, whereas significant loss in lipase activity was observed after 5th and 7th reuse, respectively. Properties like optimum pH, Km, Vmax and thermostability of immobilized lipase were changed with respect to free lipase. Optimum pH shifted from 7 to 7.5 in calcium alginate and from 7 to 9 in polyacrylamide beads, whereas t1/2 increased from 71 min to 205 min in calcium alginate and from 71 min to 380 min in polyacrylamide beads at 45°C. Km and Vmax values at free state lipase were observed as 0.30 mM and 31.948 μM min-1 mL-1, whereas after immobilization on calcium alginate and polyacrylamide beads values changed to 0.188 mM and 27.24 μM min-1 mL-1, and 0.24 mM and 30.96 μmol min-1 mL-1, respectively. Thus, on immobilization, lipase has shown enhanced thermostability, specificity and working range of pH, which would be more beneficial for its industrial application. </span

Strongly Hydrophobic and Superoleophilic PMMA Based Nanocoated Cotton Fabrics

Oil&ndash;water separation is among the critical issues worldwide due to recent massive oil spills. Moreover, domestic and industrial water pollution due to oil discharge affects marine and aquatic life. Cotton is the most predominant fiber globally because of its use as a principal and popular clothing material. Cotton is also the leading raw material for technical and functional textile applications. In this study, the fabric was cured with poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles to develop hydrophobic and oleophilic cotton fabrics. The dehydrating agents, N,N&prime;-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and dimethyl aminopyridine (DMAP), were used to catalyze the esterification. The results proved that the excellent hydrophobicity of modified cotton fabric provides a water contact angle higher than 140&deg;. In addition, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, confirmed the fabric surface modification. Surface morphological analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the uniform rough surface structure of the modified fabric with nano-coating. The modified fabric resulted in the high separation efficiency of oil and water, suggesting this strategy to be suitable for advanced oil&ndash;water separation

Correspondence article on the research protocol titled ‘Towards Health Equity and Transformative Action on tribal health (THETA) study to describe, explain and act on tribal health inequities in India: A health systems research study protocol’ published in Wellcome Open Research in December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Research on indigenous (Tribal) populations is a step towards understanding the various tribal health issues and challenges and paves the way for addressing these issues. However, such populations are categorised as vulnerable and marginalised according to National ethical guidelines by Indian council of medical research. Hence, adequate measures are needed to be ensured by researchers while undertaking any research involving tribal populations to safeguard the rights of research participants. The purpose of this correspondence is to initiate a discussion among the researchers to give due consideration to research ethics especially when the research is being conducted on vulnerable populations and take adequate safeguard measures as suggested by National ethical guidelines to protect the rights of study participants

Friction and wear behavior of Cu–4 wt.%Ni–TiC composites under dry sliding conditions

Abstract The present study synthesized Cu–4 wt% Ni matrix composites reinforced with different percentages of TiC (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt%) through high-energy ball milling, followed by compaction and sintering. The friction and wear behavior was examined at four different normal loads of 5, 10, 15, and 20 N. A constant sliding speed of 1.25 m/s was maintained while sliding against a hardened counterface made of EN31 steel (HRC 60) under ambient conditions using a pin-on-disk test rig. The composite hardness increased until the addition of 4 wt% of TiC, beyond which it was observed to decrease. Such a trend may be attributed to the TiC agglomeration in the composites containing relatively larger amounts of TiC (i.e., 6 and 8 wt%). The wear rate linearly increased with the load. However, the composites exhibited a lower rate of wear than the matrix alloy, which may have resulted from the relatively higher hardness of composites. The observed friction and wear behavior has been explained on the basis of hardness and presence of the transfer layer on the worn surface and its nature, i.e., loose or well compacted. Addition of 4 wt% TiC showed the optimum performance in terms of friction and wear caused by its higher hardness and ability to hold a transfer layer of a relatively larger thickness compared to the other materials. The wear mechanism for the Cu4Ni matrix alloy was a mix of adhesive and oxidative wear and primarily abrasive for the composites containing hard TiC particles