The study of arterial and venous Doppler in high risk pregnancies and its role in perinatal outcome

Background: Antepartum foetal surveillance is the corner stone in the management of high risk pregnancies, aimed at reducing maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to analyse the blood flow in umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, umbilical vein and ductus venous using doppler ultrasound in high risk pregnancies.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in pregnant patients with high risk factors after 28 weeks of gestation who got admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Care Hospital, Hyderabad during the period from October 2013 to December 2014.Results: Patients were divided into two groups, first with normal Doppler and second with abnormal Doppler, containing 76 and 20 patients respectively. Group 2 is again 4 sub-groups according to the vessel affected. Group A included the cases with affected umbilical artery, Group B included the cases with affected middle cerebral artery, Group C included the cases with both affected umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery (UA+MCA), Group D included the Cases with the affected umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and Ductus Venosus (UA+MCA+DV) containing 12, 2, 4 and 2 patients respectively. There were more number of emergency caesarean sections than vaginal deliveries which is statistically significant (p <0.034), there were more number of sick babies than healthy babies and there are more number of still births which is statistically significant (p <0.0001), there are more number of low birth weight babies in comparison to normal weight, which is statistically significant (p <0.0037). Distribution of cases with abnormal Doppler depending on vessel abnormality according to gestational age at the time of delivery, mode of delivery, perinatal outcome, birth weight, which was statistically significant. The sensitivity and specificity of abnormal Doppler in predicting perinatal outcome is 45% with (95% CI 26.9-64.0) and 89.5% with (95% CI 79.0-95.3) respectively. The positive predictive value is 65% with (95% CI 40.9-83.6) and negative predictive value is 78.9% with (95% CI 67.7-87.1).Conclusions: This study recommends that all high risk pregnant women should undergo serial foetal monitoring. When doppler abnormalities are detected, delivery should be conducted at a tertiary care centre where facilities for caesarean section and NICU are present

Lung Cancer Detection through TYDWT Algorithm

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection of lung cancer plays a critical role in its treatment and survival rates. In recent years, computer-aided diagnosis systems have been developed to assist radiologists in detecting lung nodules in computed tomography (CT) images. This paper proposes a novel approach for lung cancer detection using Transverse Dyadic Wavelet Transform (TDWT) for feature extraction and classification. TDWT is a multi-resolution analysis technique that can capture both time and frequency information of the input images. The TYDWT algorithm is applied to the lung CT scan images to decompose the images into different sub-bands at multiple scales. The extracted features from these sub-bands are then used to train a machine learning model for lung cancer detection. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on a publicly available dataset, achieving an accuracy of 95.6% and a sensitivity of 95.2%. The proposed method shows promising results for automated lung cancer detection, which can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the diagnosis process. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach using TDWT can be an effective method for early detection of lung cancer

COPRAS Decision Model to Optimize Blind Spot in Heavy Vehicles: A Comparative Perspective

AbstractThe visibility of a driver is the key phenomenon in the road accidents. Reduction of blind spot improves the area of visibility which leads to reduce the possibility of the accidents. In this paper an effort is taken to reduce the blind spot area through the optimization of design parameters used in the design of rear view mirror in heavy vehicles. This is achieved by using a multi criteria decision making (MCDM) approach called COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment of alternatives) technique. The effectiveness of the developed model is proved by a case study conducted in a public transport corporation located in the southern part of India. The weights of the design parameters are calculated using three different approaches such as AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), FARE (Factor Relationship) method and Entropy Measurement and the results are compared

Effect of Ayurvedic Treatment Modalities on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Recurrent pregnancy Loss is defined as the sequence of 2 or more spontaneous abortions as documented by either sonography or on histopathology before 20 weeks. It is a relatively common event, occurring in 15%-25% of pregnancies, and increasing in prevalence with maternal age. The causes of recurrent abortion are complex &amp; obscure. More than one factor may operate in a case. Identification and treatment of problems significantly increases the successful outcome in most cases. Recurrent pregnancy loss can be correlated with Puthraghni Yonivyapath and Garbhasravivandhya explained in Ayurvedic classics. Puthraghni is a clinical entity characterised by repeated pregnancy loss due to excessive intake of Rooksha Ahara and Vihara which results in repeated pregnancy losses. Ayurveda advises to do Shodhana Karma or purificatory therapies ending with Uttara Vasthi in recurrent losses. The study design was Prospective single arm interventional study conducted in the OPD and IPD of Govt. Ayurveda college hospital for Women and Children, Poojapura, Thiruvananthapuram with the study population of females of age group 20-38, diagnosed with RPL. IP management was done for 1 month followed by internal administration of Phala Sarpis as Vicharana Snehapana 10ml twice daily morning and evening ½ hour before food and Vilwadi Gulika 1 tab twice daily after food was also given for 2 months. After 15 months after the follow up period, Statistical analysis was done and Percentage of live births was assessed. Even though percentage of live births is 42.3, the success rate can be considered as 46.15% as the 1 patient to be delivered has completed 34 weeks of gestation and successfully continuing the pregnancy

Enhanced anti-corrosion characteristics of epoxy-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite coatings on mild steel substrates.

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This experimental investigation focused on coating of functionalized graphene oxide (FGO) on the mild steel to minimize corrosion, using a new method. Prior to the coating, the fundamental chemical and morphological structures of FGO were studied with aid of some characterization techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Various epoxy/FGO coating formulations with 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm of FGO were prepared and coated on the mild steel substrate, adopting dip coating method. Immersion test was carried out to observe the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the graphene. The adsorption isothermal behavior was also studied using various models and compared with the data obtained from the experimental results. From the results obtained, the formation of irregular rough patches and separation of platelets like zebra lines indicated the formation of graphene nanoparticles, as observed through morphological analysis. The occurrence of sharp peak at 24.3◦ in the XRD pattern depicted the existence of graphene in nanoscale. Electrochemical impedance (EI) and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) studies re-ported the maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of 87% at 50 ppm concentration of epoxy/FGO. It was evident that an increasing concentration of graphene exhibited significant corrosion resistance in both studies. The bonding energy of randomly oriented graphene platelets reduced the removal of metal, delaying the crack propagation in tortuous path on the coated surface. These results established the significance and applicability of this study in various relevant industries.Peer reviewe

Mechanical, Vibration Damping and Acoustics characteristics of Hybrid Aloe vera /Jute/polyester composites

© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/The development of biodegradable hybrid fibre composites is gaining pace in the automotive and construction industries due to their lightweight structural applications, which offer considerable benefits for the environment. In this present investigation, hybrid bio composites were fabricated using a compression molding machine with plain woven jute and aloe vera mats along with polyester resin as the matrix. Six types of hybrid biocomposite laminates were prepared by varying the stacking arrangement of jute and aloe-vera mats to analyse the impact of stacking arrangements on vibration damping and acoustic behaviour of these hybrid bio composites. From the results, it is concluded that the maximum value of natural frequency is obtained from the JJAJ type of composite. i.e., 157, 326, and 370 Hz for Modes I, II, and III respectively, due to good interlacing of fibres in the weft and warp directions. J/J/A/J (AJ3) hybrid bio composite has highest sound absorption coefficient of 0.47 at 3000 Hz, and a better transmission loss i.e 19.84 dB, according to the results of the acoustic research. The comparison of experimental and theoretical analysis was carried out, and found that experimental and theoretical values are closely related to each other.Peer reviewe