Investigation on effects of cobalt-chromite nanoparticle blends in compression-ignition engine

This work provides a high-level overview of the performance parameters of a nanoparticle-fuelled engine emulsion. The nanoparticle of cobalt chromite was created by a straightforward laboratory procedure. The nanoparticles were introduced at concentrations of 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, and 80 ppm, with the optimal concentration being found to be a Kapok methylester-20 (KME20) blend. Varying the timings and operated the engine at a constant speed 1800 rpm. Injections can be given at 19, 23, or 27 degrees before the before top dead centre, which are referred to as retardation, standard, and advanced, respectively. The Brake thermal efficiency is increased by 7.2% when the blend of KME20 with 80 ppm advanced is compared to the triggered ignition delay. Unburnt hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide levels in the 80 ppm-Advanced KME20 mix are reduced by 37.86% and 41.66%, respectively, when compared to the standard injection period. Oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide in the blend KME20 with 20 ppm - retardation rose by 16.45 and 9.5 percent, respectively, compared to the duration of normal injections. Increased the brake thermal efficiency for KME20 with nanoparticles at concentration of 80 ppm is 7.5% as related to same blend without doping of nanoparticles. Using kapok methyl ester with nanoparticles doped in the standard engine can improve efficiency and performance

Intraosseous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of distal femur detected with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a malignant soft tissue tumor arising from peripheral nerve sheath cells. MPNST is uncommon and can be associated with neurofibromatosis Type I (NF-I). MPNST involving bone is very rare, and we report the case of MPNST involving the distal femur in a patient without NF-I. A 17-year-old boy presented with a history of left knee joint pain and X-ray showed lytic lesion in the distal part of left femur. He was referred for fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) to find out the extent of disease. PET/CT showed intense FDG uptake in the lobulated well-defined lesion in the medial part of left distal femur. He underwent biopsy from the lesion which confirmed MPNST

Image findings of rare case of gestational breast cancer diagnosed in a lactating women with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography

Gestational or pregnancy-associated breast cancer is defined as breast cancer that is diagnosed during pregnancy, in the first postpartum year, or any time during lactation. We report rare imaging findings of a breast cancer seen on fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) study in a 32-year-old lactating woman. The FDG PET/CT study demonstrated uptake in the soft tissue lesion noted in the right breast corresponding to primary lesion and multiple nodes in bilateral axilla, right supraclavicular and mediastinum. In addition, there was FDG tracer uptake in both the breast parenchyma-related to breast feeding. This case illustrates the first case of breast cancer in a lactating woman detected by FDG PET/CT

A controlled experiment to verify the effect of magnesium fertilizers on soil pH and available soil nutrients in acid soil of Nilgiris, India

An incubation experiment was conducted in laboratory conditions for 60 days to observe the impact of different Magnesium fertilizers on soil chemical properties, i.e. pH, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and DTPA extractable micronutrient cations. A complete factorial complete randomized block design (FCRD)with two replications and six levels was selected as the experimental layout. The levels included were (L0) Absolute control (L1) soil + Mg @ 10 kg ha-1, (L2) soil + Mg @ 20 kg ha-1, (L3) soil + 30 kg ha-1, (L4) soil + 40 kg ha-1, (L5) soil + 50 kg ha-1. Findings revealed that applying magnesium fertilizers to soil significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affects soil parameters. The impacts of magnesium fertilization on soil pH altered with sources and incubation period. The application of CaMg(CO3)2 @ 50 kg ha-1 recorded significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher soil pH (5.67) as compared to MgCO3 @ 50 kg ha-1 that increased the pH up to 5.57 due to the impact of carbonate ion whereas MgSO4.7H2O decreased the soil up to 4.80 because of dissolution of SO42- ions to the soil solution.  Applying CaMg(CO3)2 significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced soil available N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Cu content which is due to the decrease in acidity, which indirectly enhanced the nutrient availability.  The positive effects persisted throughout the experimental duration, indicating the potential long-term benefits of magnesium fertilization in acid soil management. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge by providing novel insights into applying magnesium fertilizers as an effective strategy for addressing soil acidity and improving nutrient availability in acid soil

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Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted to investigate the soil microbial growth and enzymatic activity of TreatedDistillery Effluent (TDE) and Bio-compost (BC) applied in Vertisols having clay loam texture grown with Maize crop (Zea mays). Under split plot design with five main and sub plots with addition of organics viz., No organics; application of TDE @ 0.5 lakh litres ha-1 ; TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 ; BC@ 5 t ha and FYM @ 12.5 t ha + biofertilizers. subplot treatments viz., addition of inorganic fertilizers at different levels of recommended dose of NP fertilizers (0 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %) compared with 100% recommended dose of NPK @ 150 : 75: 75 of kg N, P2 ,O5 and K2O ha-1 . Application of TDE 1.0 lakh litres ha resulted higher bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population over control at all stages. The soil enzyme activities as phosphatase, dehydrogenase andurease recorded the highest values with the application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 over control. The soilmicrobial population and enzyme activities increased with the application of TDE over control. Soil microbialactivity had a direct impact on the plant nutrient availability as well as other favorable properties associated with soil productivity.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted to investigate the soil microbial growth and enzymatic activity of Treated Distillery Effluent (TDE) and Bio-compost (BC) applied in sandy loam soils grown with Maize crop (Zea mays). Under split plot design with five main plots with addition of organics viz., No organics; application of TDE @ 0.5 lakh litres ha-1; TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1; Bio compost @ 5 t ha-1 and FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 + biofertilizers. In addition, five subplot treatments viz., addition of inorganic fertilizers at different levels of recommended dose of NP fertilizers (0 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %) compared with 100 per cent recommended dose of NPK @ 150 :75: 75 of kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1. Application of TDE 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 resulted higher bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population over control at all stages of crop growth. Indeed, the soil bacterial population recorded the highest value of 20.1 and 19.3 x106 CFU g-1 of soil with the application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 compared to control at post-harvest stage. There was an increase in the soil fungal population to the tune of 30.3 per cent over control at post-harvest stage. Furthermore, application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 recorded the highest soil actinomycetes population at all stages of crop growth. The soil enzyme activities as phosphatase, dehydrogenase and urease recorded the highest values of 12.8 μg p-nitrophenol g-1 soil hr-1; 2.96 μg TPF g-1 soil hr-1 and 5.16 μg NH4-N g-1 soil hr-1 respectively with the application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1. The soil microbial population and enzyme activities increased with the application of distillery effluent over control. Hence, it was observed that, Soil microbial activity had a direct impact on the plant nutrient availability as well as other favorable properties associated with soil productivityNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted to investigate the soil microbial growth and enzymatic activity of Treated Distillery Effluent (TDE) and Bio-compost (BC) applied in sandy loam soils grown with Maize crop (Zeamays). Under split plot design with five main plots with addition of organics viz., No organics; application of TDE @ 0.5 lakh litres ha-1TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha; Bio compost @ 5 t ha-1 and FYM @ 12.5 t ha +biofertilizers. In addition, five subplot treatments viz., addition of inorganic fertilizers atdifferent levels of recommended dose of NP fertilizers (0 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %) compared with 100 per cent recommended dose of NPK @ 150 :75: 75 of kg N, P andK2O ha-1. Application of TDE 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 resulted higher bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population over control at all stages of crop growth. Indeed, the soil bacterial population recorded the highest value of 20.1 and 19.3 x106 of soilwith the application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 compared to control at post-harvest stage. There was an increase in the soil fungal population to the tune of 30.3 per cent over control at post-harvest stage. Furthermore, application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha-1 recorded the highest soil actinomycetes population at all stages of crop growth. The soil enzyme activities as phosphatase, dehydrogenase and urease recorded the highest values of12.8 µg p-nitrophenol g-1 soil hr-1; 2.96 µg TPF g-1 soil hr -1 and 5.16 µg NH4-N g -1 respectively with the application of TDE @ 1.0 lakh litres ha -1 . The soil microbial population and enzyme activities increased with the application of distillery effluent over control. Hence, it was observed that, Soil microbial activity had a direct impact on the plant nutrient availability as well as other favorable properties associated with soil productivity.Not Availabl

Unravelling the Release Kinetics of Exchangeable Magnesium in Acid Soil of Nilgiris

Magnesium deficiency is a pervasive and recurrent factor that significantly restricts crop production, primarily attributable to the low levels of exchangeable magnesium (ex-Mg) present in acidic soil conditions. This deficiency exerts a pronounced negative influence on the sustainability and progress of agricultural development. Hence the current study aspired at modeling the kinetics of Exchangeable Magnesium release from 3 fertilizer sources i.e., Epsom salt (MgSO4·7H2O), Magnesite (MgCO3) and Dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2] in the acidic soil of the Nilgiris district in Tamil Nadu, India. Four mathematical models were verified—Power function, parabolic diffusion, Simple-Elovich, and first-order to explain cumulative Mg2+ release. Power function was noticed to be an outstanding empirical equation finely fitted to the experimental data. The intensity, as well as the modality of the release pattern, was predicted by the numerical parameters. The power function as well as Parabolic Diffusion portrayed the Mg2+ release kinetics best as verified by the maximum correlation coefficients (r2). The parabolic diffusion model also designated the data as suitable, signifying diffusion-controlled exchange. From the derived dissolution rates, it was conceivable to agree Epsom salt (MgSO4·7H2O) from which the release was faster than the other two magnesium sources. In conclusion, these outcomes provided an insight into the temporal dynamics of magnesium availability in acidic soil, highlighting the importance of understanding its release kinetics for sustainable agriculture development. The findings contribute to the broader knowledge of magnesium management strategies, aiding in the development of targeted interventions to alleviate magnesium deficiency and optimize crop productivity in acidic soil environments