65 research outputs found
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES, PHENOL AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF LEAVES, BARK AND ROOT FROM THE Abutilon indicum (L.) SWEET
Objective: This study evaluated the antioxidant properties of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Abutilon indicum (L).Methods: The different extracts of A. indicum leaves, bark and roots  were antioxidant potential by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2-Azino-bis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS•+) , Hydrogen peroxide scavenging, Superoxide anions scavenging, Hydroxyl radical scavenging, Ferric reducing antioxidant power, Total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdic acid) and total phenol and flavonoid contents.            Results: The highest total phenol and flavonoid contents in leaves extracts of A. indicum. The total phenol (3.08 ± 0.06) mg/ml and flavonoid (7.16 ± 0.15) mg/ml were found to be higher in ethyl acetate extract of A. indicum and free radical scavenging activities IC50 values were calculated and compare to standard for L- ascorbic acid, (BHT) butylated hydroxytoluene and gallic acid   Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of A. indicum leaves can be used for the biological characterization and importance of the compounds identified and creates a platform to screen many bioactive compounds to treat many diseases.Keywords: Abutilon indicum, Free radical scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, 2-azino-bis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid,Ferric reducing antioxidant power
Incidence of white muscle disease, a viral like disease associated with mortalities in hatchery reared postlarvae of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) from the south east coast of India
Incidence of post-larval mortalities of 30- 100% was
reported from commercial freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) hatcheries in Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (south-eastern states of India)
since 2001. Infec ted postlarvae (PL) exhibited
clinical symptoms with lethargy, anorexia and
whitening of abdominal muscles and the disease
was identified as white muscle disease (WMD)
Involvement of Enterobacter cloacae in the mortality of the fish, Mugil cephalus
Enterobacter cloacae, an enteric bacterium that belongs to
the family Enterobacteriaceae, is widely distributed in nature.
It is found in faeces of humans and animals, water,
soil, plants, plant materials, insects and dairy product
The recent trend in mycobacterial strain diversity among extra pulmonary lymph node tuberculosis and their association with drug resistance and the host immunological response in South India
Bio-Fabrication of Human Amniotic Membrane Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and the Wet/Dry HAM Dressing Membrane for Wound Healing
Publication history: Accepted - 25 June 2021; Published online - 28 July 2021.The preparation of unique wet and dry wound dressing products derived from
unprocessed human amniotic membrane (UP-HAM) is described. The UP-HAM was
decellularized, and the constituent proteins were cross-linked and stabilized before
being trimmed and packed in sterile Nucril-coated laminated aluminium foil pouches
with isopropyl alcohol to manufacture processed wet human amniotic membrane (PWHAM). The dry type of PD-HAM was prepared by decellularizing the membrane, UV
irradiating it, lyophilizing/freeze-drying it, sterilizing it, and storing it at room temperature.
The UP-HAM consists of a translucent yellowish mass of flexible membranes with an
average thickness of 42 µm. PW-HAM wound dressings that had been processed,
decellularized, and dehydrated had a thinner average thickness of 30 µm and lacked
nuclear-cellular structures. Following successful decellularization, discrete bundle of
fibrous components in the stromal spongy layers, microvilli and reticular ridges were
still evident on the surface of the processed HAM, possibly representing the location of
the cells that had been removed by the decellularization process. Both wet and dry HAM
wound dressings are durable, portable, have a shelf life of 3–5 years, and are available
all year. A slice of HAM dressing costs 1.0 US/cm2
. Automation and large-scale
HAM membrane preparation, as well as storage and transportation of the dressings,
can all help to establish advanced technologies, improve the efficiency of membrane
production, and reduce costs. Successful treatment of wounds to the cornea of the
eye was achieved with the application of the HAM wound dressings. The HAM protein
analysis revealed 360 µg proteins per gram of tissue, divided into three main fractions
with MWs of 100 kDa, 70 kDa, and 14 kDa, as well as seven minor proteins, with the
14 kDa protein displaying antibacterial properties against human pathogenic bacteria.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology | www.frontiersin.org 1 July 2021 | Volume 9 | Article 695710
fbioe-09-695710 July 22, 2021 Time: 16:39 # 2
Ramasamy et al. HAMP-ZnO Nanoparticles HAM Wound Dressing
Wet and dry wound dressings were
produced. HAM proteins were
purified and analysed. The zinc
oxide nanoparticles (HAMP-ZnO
NP) made from HAM proteins
were characterised and tested for
their antibacterial activity.
Wounds to the cornea of the eye
healed easily when treated with
HAM wound dressings.
Fresh human Amniotic
membrane, Serological
screening, selection of
disease-free HAM, reome
stromal layer, preparation of
HAM.
UNPROCESSED HAM
Cuboidal epithelial cells, basement
membrane, compact layer, stromal
and spongy layers containing
scatted fibroblast cells are visible in
hsitological analysis.
The flow chart depicts the
methods for processing, and
preparation of wet (PWHAM) and dry (PD-HAM)
wound healing dressings.
HAM proteins, Nanoparticle
synthesis (HAMP-ZnO NP) and
analysis.
Antibacterial analysis show
Inhibition of growth and biofilm
formation of pathogenic bacteria .
Processed HAM
lacked a nuclear-cellular
epithelium, but it did have a
distinct fibrous elements in
basement membrane, stromal
and spongy layers.
Processed PW-HAM (Light
&SEM) showed smooth
epithelial surface topography
with microvilli,.
HAM dressing, wet/dry, packed,
labelled, sterilised and processed. They
are durable, portable, have long
shelf life . A slice of HAM dressing
costs US 1.0 / cm² . The wound
dressings are ready to be applied.
The dermal wounds and conjunctival
surface can be successfully repaired
using processed HAM wound dressings
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT | Flow chart depicting the methods, preparing, and characterizing, by histological, and scanning electron microscopy, of wet (PW-HAM)
and dry (PD-HAM)of wound healing dressing, and preparation of nanoparticles (HAMP ZnO NP); and application of HAM wound dressing.
A wide range of antibacterial activity was observed after treatment with 75 µg/ml zinc
oxide nanoparticles derived from human amniotic membrane proteins (HAMP-ZnO NP),
including dose-dependent biofilm inhibition and inhibition of Gram-positive (S. aureus,
S. mutans, E. faecalis, and L. fusiformis) and Gram-negative bacteria (S. sonnei, P.
aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, and C. freundii).PR has acknowledged Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital for providing the article processing charges of the journal, and moral and technical support. The support of Cologenesis Health Care Pvt. Ltd. for a study on “Human amniotic membrane for ocular and dermal applications” is sincerely appreciated
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Is Associated with Enhanced Baseline and Antigen-Specific Induction of Type 1 and Type 17 Cytokines and Reduced Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 at the Site of Infection
Influence of spatial arrangement, biofertilizers and bioirrigation on the performance of legume-millet intercropping system in rainfed areas of southern India
In this study, we checked the potential of bioirrigation – defined as a process of hydraulic lift where transfer of water occurs from deep soil layers to top soil layers through plant roots. We tested this in a pigeon pea (PP) – finger millet (FM) intercropping system in a field study for two consecutive growing seasons (2016/17 and 2017/18) at two contrasting sites in Bengaluru and Kolli Hills, India. Our objective was also to optimize the spatial arrangement of the intercropped plants (2 PP:8 FM), using either a row-wise or a mosaic design. The field trial results clearly showed that spatial arrangement of component plants affected the yield in an intercropping system. The row-wise intercropping was more effective than mosaic treatments at the Bengaluru field site, while at Kolli Hills, both row-wise and mosaic treatment performed equally. Importantly, biofertilizer application enhanced the yield of intercropping and monoculture treatments. This effect was not influenced by the spatial arrangement of component plants and by the location of the field experiment. The yield advantage in intercropping was mainly due to the release of PP from interspecific competition. Despite a yield increase in intercropping treatments, we did not see a positive effect of intercropping or biofertilizer on water relations of FM, this further explains why PP dominated the competitive interaction, which resulted in yield advantage in intercropping. FM in intercropping had significantly lower leaf water potentials than in monoculture, likely due to strong interspecific competition for soil moisture in intercropping treatments. Our study indicates that identity plant species and spatial arrangement/density of neighbouring plant is essential for designing a bioirrigation based intercropping system
The Impact of Brand Quality on Shareholder Wealth
This study examines the impact of brand quality on three components of shareholder wealth: stock returns, systematic risk, and idiosyncratic risk. The study finds that brand quality enhances shareholder wealth insofar as unanticipated changes in brand quality are positively associated with stock returns and negatively related to changes in idiosyncratic risk. However, unanticipated changes in brand quality can also erode shareholder wealth because they have a positive association with changes in systematic risk. The study introduces a contingency theory view to the marketing-finance interface by analyzing the moderating role of two factors that are widely followed by investors. The results show an unanticipated increase (decrease) in current-period earnings enhances (depletes) the positive impact of unanticipated changes in brand quality on stock returns and mitigates (enhances) their deleterious effects on changes in systematic risk. Similarly, brand quality is more valuable for firms facing increasing competition (i.e., unanticipated decreases in industry concentration). The results are robust to endogeneity concerns and across alternative models. The authors conclude by discussing the nuanced implications of their findings for shareholder wealth, reporting brand quality to investors, and its use in employee evaluation
Atrial fibrillation genetic risk differentiates cardioembolic stroke from other stroke subtypes
AbstractObjectiveWe sought to assess whether genetic risk factors for atrial fibrillation can explain cardioembolic stroke risk.MethodsWe evaluated genetic correlations between a prior genetic study of AF and AF in the presence of cardioembolic stroke using genome-wide genotypes from the Stroke Genetics Network (N = 3,190 AF cases, 3,000 cardioembolic stroke cases, and 28,026 referents). We tested whether a previously-validated AF polygenic risk score (PRS) associated with cardioembolic and other stroke subtypes after accounting for AF clinical risk factors.ResultsWe observed strong correlation between previously reported genetic risk for AF, AF in the presence of stroke, and cardioembolic stroke (Pearson’s r=0.77 and 0.76, respectively, across SNPs with p < 4.4 × 10−4 in the prior AF meta-analysis). An AF PRS, adjusted for clinical AF risk factors, was associated with cardioembolic stroke (odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (sd) = 1.40, p = 1.45×10−48), explaining ∼20% of the heritable component of cardioembolic stroke risk. The AF PRS was also associated with stroke of undetermined cause (OR per sd = 1.07, p = 0.004), but no other primary stroke subtypes (all p > 0.1).ConclusionsGenetic risk for AF is associated with cardioembolic stroke, independent of clinical risk factors. Studies are warranted to determine whether AF genetic risk can serve as a biomarker for strokes caused by AF.</jats:sec
- …