Co-occurrence patterns of anxiety, depression and alcohol use disorders

Co-occurrence of anxiety and depressive symptoms with alcohol consumption/abuse was analyzed in a sample of 2,302 adults in Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional household survey collected self-reported information on social and personal health, as well as individual psychological status, with standardized techniques and trained examiners. Twelve-month prevalence was 15% for anxiety, 12% for depressive disorders and 7% for alcohol abuse/dependence. Symptom co-occurrence was more frequent for depression (94% of cases co-occurring with other diagnoses), followed by anxiety disorders (82%), and alcoholism (only 20%). There was a 74% proportion of anxiety symptoms among depressed, and a 61% proportion of depressed among anxiety sufferers. the combination of depression plus anxiety was the most prevalent in both gender groups, ranging from 17% for women to 5% for men. Comorbid combinations of alcoholism yielded low prevalences, the smallest (around 1%) being the triple combo alcoholism+anxiety+depression. Gender ratios increased substantially in the absence of comorbidity, reaching peaks in depression (F:M ratio = 13.8) and alcoholism (M:F ratio = 11.8). Set component analyses indicate strong overlapping of anxiety and depression and complementarity between depression and alcoholism, modulated by gender (women depressed, men alcoholic).Palacio Reitoria Univ Fed Bahia, BR-40210070 Salvador, BA, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Inst Saude Coletiva, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Promoting Self-Change: Taking the Treatment to the Community

https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_facbooks/1357/thumbnail.jp

The Phenomenon of Self-Change: Overview and Key Issues

https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_facbooks/1355/thumbnail.jp