Development and Validation of Analytical Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate and Fluticasone Propionate from Bulk and Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation

A method was developed and validated for analysis of Formoterol Fumarate and Fluticasone Propionate in dry powder inhaler formulations. Separation was achieved on a HiQ Sil C18HS, 250×4.6 mm, 5 µm column using a mobile phase consisting of Acetonitrile: 0.01 M Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate solution (80:20 %v/v) at a flow rate of 1ml/min PDA detection at 215.0 nm. This method is validated according to ICH guidelines, which include linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, robustness. The result obtained were within the acceptance criteria as per ICH guidelines. Keywords: formoterol fumarate dihydrate, fluticasone propionate, buffer, HPLC

Access Denied? : Cultural Capital and Digital Access

The paper is a micro-level quantitative study of perceptions of social science students in India whether Free Wi-Fi has helped them learn better. It is commonly believed that digital resources are neutral about social inequalities. However, the survey finds that socio-cultural capital in the form of Caste, Gender, Language and Location has a negative impact on digital access even if it is free. The paper also instills hope as it finds that almost every student on the campus of a State University in Western Maharashtra has access to the Internet and majority of these students perceive that the digital access has improved their academic performance

A Review on Development and Validation of Analytical Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Formoterol Fumarate Dehydrate and Fluticasone Propionate from Bulk and Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation

To compare the effectiveness of formoterol fumarate dihydrate and fluticasone propionate two combination inhaled corticosteroid/long acting beta–agonist product approved for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the US with respect to cost, therapy adherence, and related healthcare utilization. UV– method for formoterol fumarate dihydrate (FFD) and fluticasone propionate (FP) is simultaneous equation method, Absorbance ration method, first order derivative method the wavelength of FFD-236nm, FP-215nm, overlay of FFD and FP is 233nm. The process can be used for routine simultaneous analysis of formoterol fumarate dihydrate and fluticasone propionate in dry powder inhalation formulation. Early dry powder inhalers (DPIs) wear designed for low drug doses in asthma and COPD therapy. This study contains carrier- based formulations and lacked efficient dispersion principles. Therefore, partial engineering and powder processing are increasingly applied to achieve acceptable lung deposition with this poorly designed inhaler

A Rapid and Sensitive stability indicating Rp-HPLC method development for the quantitative analysis of empagliflozin & linagliptin in bulk & synthetic mixture

An isocratic HPLC method was developed using, Shimadzu C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with an isocratic binary mobile phase consisting of Acetonitrile: Buffer in a ratio (80:20 v/v) pH 3.0 adjusted with Orthophosphoric acid and flow rate monitored at 0.80 ml/min. The UV detector was used for simultaneous analysis of two drugs at a common wavelength of 226 nm and each injection volume was 20 µl. The retention time for Empagliflozin and Linagliptin was found to be 3.714 min and 3.064 min, respectively. Empagliflozin and Linagliptin produce degradation products in acidic, alkaline, thermal, and UV stress. The result of the assay of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin shows that the degradation product does not interfere with the analytical procedure quantitively when these drugs are analyzed

Persistent olfactory learning deficits during and post-COVID-19 infection

Quantifying olfactory impairments can facilitate early detection of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite being a debated topic, many reports provide evidence for the neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2. However, a sensitive, specific, and accurate non-invasive method for quantifying persistent neurological impairments is missing to date. To quantify olfactory detectabilities and neurocognitive impairments in symptomatic COVID-19 patients during and post-infection periods, we used a custom-built olfactory-action meter (OAM) providing accurate behavioral readouts. Ten monomolecular odors were used for quantifying olfactory detectabilities and two pairs of odors were employed for olfactory matching tests. We followed cohorts of healthy subjects, symptomatic patients, and recovered subjects for probing olfactory learning deficits, before the Coronavirus Omicron variant was reported in India. Our method identifies severe and persistent olfactory dysfunctions in symptomatic patients during COVID-19 infection. Symptomatic patients and recovered subjects showed significant olfactory learning deficits during and post-infection periods, 4–18 months, in comparison to healthy subjects. On comparing olfactory fitness, we found differential odor detectabilities and olfactory function scores in symptomatic patients and asymptomatic carriers. Our results indicate probable long-term neurocognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients imploring the necessity of long-term tracking during post-infection period. Differential olfactory fitness observed in symptomatic patients and asymptomatic carriers demand probing mechanisms of potentially distinct infection routes