1,905 research outputs found
The role of internet and satellite channels in cultural and political changes in developing countries: A review of research findings
Media like internet and satellites have significantly changed the political and cultural interactions of political groups, so that it overshadows the concept of border as one of the element of governments and nations. Therefore, this research report focuses on awareness – based on indices like education, income, employment, etc. among others – in selection of the programs and contents of the above-mentioned media and their effects. It also clarifies the range of influences from these media and their power which can clear the way for a realistic approach in dealing with their consequences in Iran and in programming for meeting challenges like cultural invasion. The results show that political-cultural changes in developing countries cannot be clarified focusing on a single factor, since they do not have causal relationship with media like internet and satellite and should be studied taking into account other influential factors. Therefore, the functionality of these media can be noticed taking into account the environmental conditions and considering them as medium factors
Talent Management as a Tool for Retaining Employee in the organization: A Study on Bangladesh
Scarcity of efficient and talented workforce is important challenges for the organization mostly available in developing countries like Bangladesh. Pressure from globalization and economic integration, retaining talent human resources are the strategic challenges for most of the organization. This study aimed to empirically test a talent management model developed from the literature review in the organization available in Bangladesh. In the model HR practices and employee attitudes towards organization were considered for the independent variable and decision of the employee to stay in the organization was considered for the dependent variable. Primary data was gathered from the employee working in management level at different manufacturing, service, and government organization. Descriptive statistics using SPSS 22 was applied to analyze the relationships among the study variable. Results from the analysis showed that HR practices and employee attitudes towards organizational satisfaction and pride have a significant influence on the decision of the employee to stay in the organization. HR practices have a substantial direct association with the decision of the employee to remain in the organization. At the same, HR practices was found indirectly associated with employee decides to stay through employee attitudes. Findings of the current research are expected to add value in the existing literature and deliver guideline for the manager struggling for keeping talent in the organization. Keywords: HR practices, Employee attitudes, Retention, Talent management DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-21-21 Publication date:July 31st 201
Passengers preference and satisfaction of public transport in Malaysia
Nowadays, Malaysia facing with an explosive growth in vehicle ownership and utilization, which led to traffic congestion and pollution. In this situation, government policy encourages people to use public transportation. However, Malaysia are prefer to use private vehicle become many reasons including bad quality of services. In this regard, public transport operators are forced to place emphasis on the monitoring and improvements of the services provided. This study focuses on traveler’s satisfaction and preference towards public transport with service quality attributes. Self rate questionnaire was used to investigate overall customer satisfaction and factor that influence public transport users’ satisfaction. A survey was conducted on an actual public transportation network in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The aim was to evaluate the parameters in passenger preference and satisfaction on public transportation network using statistical model included variable such as facilities, comfortness and quality of services. Data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation, factor and multiple regression analysis. Result show that influences of satisfaction parameters are more than preference parameters. The application of this study suggest that the public transport operation especially buses must improve their quality of services to the prospect passengers
Lagrangian-based methods for single and multi-layer multicommodity capacitated network design
Le problème de conception de réseau avec coûts fixes et capacités (MCFND) et le problème
de conception de réseau multicouches (MLND) sont parmi les problèmes de
conception de réseau les plus importants. Dans le problème MCFND monocouche, plusieurs
produits doivent être acheminés entre des paires origine-destination différentes
d’un réseau potentiel donné. Des liaisons doivent être ouvertes pour acheminer les produits,
chaque liaison ayant une capacité donnée. Le problème est de trouver la conception
du réseau à coût minimum de sorte que les demandes soient satisfaites et que les capacités
soient respectées. Dans le problème MLND, il existe plusieurs réseaux potentiels,
chacun correspondant à une couche donnée. Dans chaque couche, les demandes pour un
ensemble de produits doivent être satisfaites. Pour ouvrir un lien dans une couche particulière,
une chaîne de liens de support dans une autre couche doit être ouverte. Nous
abordons le problème de conception de réseau multiproduits multicouches à flot unique
avec coûts fixes et capacités (MSMCFND), où les produits doivent être acheminés uniquement
dans l’une des couches.
Les algorithmes basés sur la relaxation lagrangienne sont l’une des méthodes de résolution
les plus efficaces pour résoudre les problèmes de conception de réseau. Nous
présentons de nouvelles relaxations à base de noeuds, où le sous-problème résultant se
décompose par noeud. Nous montrons que la décomposition lagrangienne améliore significativement
les limites des relaxations traditionnelles.
Les problèmes de conception du réseau ont été étudiés dans la littérature. Cependant,
ces dernières années, des applications intéressantes des problèmes MLND sont apparues,
qui ne sont pas couvertes dans ces études. Nous présentons un examen des problèmes de
MLND et proposons une formulation générale pour le MLND. Nous proposons également
une formulation générale et une méthodologie de relaxation lagrangienne efficace
pour le problème MMCFND. La méthode est compétitive avec un logiciel commercial
de programmation en nombres entiers, et donne généralement de meilleurs résultats.The multicommodity capacitated fixed-charge network design problem (MCFND) and
the multilayer network design problem (MLND) are among the most important network
design problems. In the single-layer MCFND problem, several commodities have to
be routed between different origin-destination pairs of a given potential network. Appropriate
capacitated links have to be opened to route the commodities. The problem
is to find the minimum cost design and routing such that the demands are satisfied and
the capacities are respected. In the MLND, there are several potential networks, each
at a given layer. In each network, the flow requirements for a set of commodities must
be satisfied. However, the selection of the links is interdependent. To open a link in a
particular layer, a chain of supporting links in another layer has to be opened. We address
the multilayer single flow-type multicommodity capacitated fixed-charge network
design problem (MSMCFND), where commodities are routed only in one of the layers.
Lagrangian-based algorithms are one of the most effective solution methods to solve
network design problems. The traditional Lagrangian relaxations for the MCFND problem
are the flow and knapsack relaxations, where the resulting Lagrangian subproblems
decompose by commodity and by arc, respectively. We present new node-based
relaxations, where the resulting subproblem decomposes by node. We show that the
Lagrangian dual bound improves significantly upon the bounds of the traditional relaxations.
We also propose a Lagrangian-based algorithm to obtain upper bounds.
Network design problems have been the object of extensive literature reviews. However,
in recent years, interesting applications of multilayer problems have appeared that
are not covered in these surveys. We present a review of multilayer problems and propose
a general formulation for the MLND. We also propose a general formulation and
an efficient Lagrangian-based solution methodology for the MMCFND problem. The
method is competitive with (and often significantly better than) a state-of-the-art mixedinteger
programming solver on a large set of randomly generated instances
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