Hubungan antara Karakteristik Teknologi dengan Kemungkinan USAha Kecil untuk Mengadopsi Ti

The decision making process of information technology adoption is affected byinformation technology (IT) characteristics. The purpose of this research is examineeffect IT characteristics (relative advantage, relevance, complexity and perceived cost)A survey was conducted in Yogyakarta city by purposive sampling technique.The samples that are used to data analysing are 102 small business. Partial LeastSquares method was used to examine five research hypotheses. Research instrumensvalidity was measured by convergent validity and discriminant validity. Instrumentreliability was measured by cronbach\u27s alpha and composite reliability.This research shows that relative advantage, complexity and perceived costhave significantly effect to small businesses decision to adopt IT. On the other, relevancenot effect to small businesses decision to adopt IT. This study contributes to insight thatIT adoption is affected by relative advantage of IT, level of IT complexity and perceivedcost of IT investment

Market Structure, Scale Economies, and Industry Performance

We provide an extensive and general investigation of the effects on industry performance (profits and social welfare) of exogenously changing the number of firms in a Cournot framework. This amounts to an in-depth exploration of the well-known trade-off between competition and production efficiency. We establish that under scale economies, welfare is maximized by a finite number of firms. Our results shed light on several theoretical issues and policy debates in industrial organization, including the relationship between the Herfindahl index and social welfare, free versus socially optimal entry, concentration and profitability, destructive competition and natural monopoly. Our analytical approach combines simplicity with generality. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG - (Marktstruktur, Größenvorteile und Marktergebnis) In dem Beitrag wird im Rahmen eines Cournot-Ansatzes eine allgemeine Untersuchung der Auswirkungen der exogen sich ändernden Anzahl von Unternehmen auf das Marktergebnis (Gewinne und soziale Wohlfahrt) vorgestellt. Dabei wird in einer analytischen Betrachtung das bekannte Trade-off zwischen Wettbewerb und Produktionseffizienz herausgearbeitet. Es wird gezeigt, daß beim Vorliegen von Größenvorteilen die Wohlfahrt durch eine endliche Zahl von Firmen maximiert wird. Das Ergebnis beleuchtet verschiedene Aspekte der wirtschaftstheoretischen und industriepolitischen Diskussion, einschließlich der Beziehungen zwischen den Herfindahl-Index und der sozialen Wohlfahrt, freiem versus sozial optimalem Markteintritt, Konzentration und Profitabilität, ruinösem Wettbewerb und natürlichem Monopol. Der analytische Ansatz vereint Einfachheit mit Allgemeinheit.Cournot oligopoly; returns to scale; entry; equilibrium comparative statics

Influence of organisational culture on the implementation of health sector reforms in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative interpretive review.

BACKGROUND: Health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are commonly plagued by poor access, poor performance, inefficient use and inequitable distribution of resources. To improve health system efficiency, equity and effectiveness, the World Development Report of 1993 proposed a first wave of health sector reforms, which has been followed by further waves. Various authors, however, suggest that the early reforms did not lead to the anticipated improvements. They offer, as one plausible explanation for this gap, the limited consideration given to the influence over implementation of the software aspects of the health system, such as organisational culture - which has not previously been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE: To identify, interpret and synthesise existing literature for evidence on organisational culture and how it influences implementation of health sector reforms in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of eight databases: PubMed; Africa-Wide Information, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Econlit, PsycINFO, SocINDEX with full text, Emerald and Scopus. Eight papers were identified. We analysed and synthesised these papers using thematic synthesis. RESULTS: This review indicates the potential influence of dimensions of organisational culture such as power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and in-group and institutional collectivism over the implementation of health sector reforms. This influence is mediated through organisational practices such as communication and feedback, management styles, commitment and participation in decision-making. CONCLUSION: This interpretive review highlights the dearth of empirical literature around organisational culture and therefore its findings can only be tentative. There is a need for health policymakers and health system researchers to conduct further analysis of organisational culture and change within the health system

What Is Resilience and How Can It Be Nurtured? A Systematic Review of Empirical Literature on Organizational Resilience.

BACKGROUND: Recent health system shocks such as the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2016 and the global financial crisis of 2008 have generated global health interest in the concept of resilience. The concept is however not new, and has been applied to other sectors for a longer period of time. We conducted a review of empirical literature from both the health and other sectors to synthesize evidence on organizational resilience. METHODS: We systematically searched for literature in PubMed, Econlit, EBSCOHOST databases, google, and Google Scholar and manually searched the reference lists of selected papers. We identified 34 papers that met our inclusion criteria. We analysed data from the selected papers by thematic review. RESULTS: Resilience was generally taken to mean a system's ability to continue to meet its objectives in the face of challenges. The concepts of resilience that were used in the selected papers emphasized not just a system's capacity to withstand shocks, but also to adapt and transform. The resilience of organizations was influenced by the following factors: Material resources, preparedness and planning, information management, collateral pathways and redundancy, governance processes, leadership practices, organizational culture, human capital, social networks and collaboration. CONCLUSION: A common theme across the selected papers is the recognition of resilience as an emergent property of complex adaptive systems. Resilience is both a function of planning for and preparing for future crisis (planned resilience), and adapting to chronic stresses and acute shocks (adaptive resilience). Beyond resilience to acute shocks, the resilience of health systems to routine and chronic stress (everyday resilience) is also key. Health system software is as, if not more important, as its hardware in nurturing health system resilience

Peran Perceived Value dan Kepuasan Pelanggan dalam Upaya Membangun Loyalitas Pengguna Kartu Seluler

Customers loyalty is very important for companies to survive. This study aims to examine the effect of perceived value and customers satisfaction to customers loyalty. This research is a quantitative research with survey method. Sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling by taking 100 phone celuller card user in Purwokerto city. Data analysis method used in this research is regression analysis.The results indicate that perceived value has positive and significant effect to customers loyalty. This study also confirm that customers satisfaction has positive and significant effect to customers loyalty. This finding implicate that companies celuller card provider needs to design their marketing programs to retain their customers loyalty

Analysis Of The Effect Of E-Wom Involvement On Consumer Buying Intention On Oppo Products On The Youtuber Gadgetin Channel

This research was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the involvement of e-WOM on the purchase intention of Oppo products on the YouTube channel Gadgetin. e-WOM involvement is influenced by factors such as information quality, information credibility, website quality, innovativeness, social support, and attitudes toward e-WOM. The research sample consists of of 200 participants who have watched videos on the Gadgetin channel on YouTube and the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis technique is performed. According to the findings of this study, the factors of information credibility, website quality, innovativeness, social support, and attitudes towards e-WOM all have an influence on e-WOM involvement and e-WOM involvement has an influence on purchase intention. The research also found that innovativeness has an influence on e-WOM involvement. On the other hand, the variable of information quality did not have any effect on the involvement of e-WOM in this study. Managerial implications and suggestions for future study is provided in the article based on the result. &nbsp