1,801 research outputs found
All-optical non-demolition measurement of single-hole spin in a quantum-dot molecule
We propose an all-optical scheme to perform a non-demolition measurement of a
single hole spin localized in a quantum-dot molecule. The latter is embedded in
a microcavity and driven by two lasers. This allows to induce Raman transitions
which entangle the spin state with the polarization of the emitted photons. We
find that the measurement can be completed with high fidelity on a timescale of
100 ps, shorter than the typical T2. Furthermore, we show that the scheme can
be used to induce and observe spin oscillations without the need of
time-dependent magnetic fields
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Developing professionalism in new IT graduates? Who needs it?
A new graduate may require a period of ‘acclimatisation’ through a process of ‘developing their professionalism’ to fit into their work environment. The e-Skills UK Technology Counts Insights 2010 report suggests that 110,500 new entrants a year are required to fill IT & Telecoms professional job roles, with 20,800 coming from education (predominantly graduate level and higher). However, 43% of recruiters were reporting a lack of suitable candidates for IT & Telecoms posts where growing importance will be placed on relationship management, business process analysis and design, project and programme management. IT & Telecoms professionals are increasingly expected to be multi-skilled, with sophisticated business and interpersonal skills as well as technical competence. As the report also says: ‘UK growth will continue to be primarily in high-value roles with an increasing need for customer and business-oriented skills as well as sophisticated technical competencies.’
The diverse needs and requirements of the IT sector, as specified by various employer groups and professional bodies including BCS, IET, eSkills, the CBI and the SFIA Foundation, are discussed. According to the CBI, ‘62% of entrants to the IT sector need to draw on managerial and professional business skills almost immediately.’ For organisations to succeed, their IT graduate recruits must supplement their IT skills with managerial and professional business skills. Well considered CPD will ensure that recent graduates can enhance their ‘academic’ skills with the necessary work-based skills for the benefit of both themselves and their new employer. The focus of the improvement will balance the student-centred needs for development and the engaging employer’s commercial needs
First Order Premelting Transition of Vortex Lattices
Vortex lattices in the high temperature superconductors undergo a first order
phase transition which has thus far been regarded as melting from a solid to a
liquid. We point out an alternative possibility of a two step process in which
there is a first order transition from an ordinary vortex lattice to a soft
vortex solid followed by another first order melting transition from the soft
vortex solid to a vortex liquid. We focus on the first step. This premelting
transition is induced by vacancy and interstitial vortex lines. We obtain good
agreement with the experimental transition temperature versus field, latent
heat, and magnetization jumps for YBCO and BSCCO.Comment: revised version replaces 9705092, 5 pages, Latex, 2 postscript
figures, defect line wandering is included, 2 step melting is propose
Quantum Theory of Cavity-Assisted Sideband Cooling of Mechanical Motion
We present a fully quantum theory describing the cooling of a cantilever
coupled via radiation pressure to an illuminated optical cavity. Applying the
quantum noise approach to the fluctuations of the radiation pressure force, we
derive the opto-mechanical cooling rate and the minimum achievable phonon
number. We find that reaching the quantum limit of arbitrarily small phonon
numbers requires going into the good cavity (resolved phonon sideband) regime
where the cavity linewidth is much smaller than the mechanical frequency and
the corresponding cavity detuning. This is in contrast to the common assumption
that the mechanical frequency and the cavity detuning should be comparable to
the cavity damping.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
On-Line Learning with Restricted Training Sets: An Exactly Solvable Case
We solve the dynamics of on-line Hebbian learning in large perceptrons
exactly, for the regime where the size of the training set scales linearly with
the number of inputs. We consider both noiseless and noisy teachers. Our
calculation cannot be extended to non-Hebbian rules, but the solution provides
a convenient and welcome benchmark with which to test more general and advanced
theories for solving the dynamics of learning with restricted training sets.Comment: 19 pages, eps figures included, uses epsfig macr
Radiation induced force between two planar waveguides
We study the electromagnetic force exerted on a pair of parallel slab
waveguides by the light propagating through them. We have calculated the
dependence of the force on the slab separation by means of the Maxwell--Stress
tensor formalism and we have discussed its main features for the different
propagation modes: spatially symmetric (antisymmetric) modes give rise to an
attractive (repulsive) interaction. We have derived the asymptotic behaviors of
the force at small and large separation and we have quantitatively estimated
the mechanical deflection induced on a realistic air-bridge structure.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
Laser cooling of a nanomechanical resonator mode to its quantum ground state
We show that it is possible to cool a nanomechanical resonator mode to its
ground state. The proposed technique is based on resonant laser excitation of a
phonon sideband of an embedded quantum dot. The strength of the sideband
coupling is determined directly by the difference between the electron-phonon
couplings of the initial and final states of the quantum dot optical
transition. Possible applications of the technique we describe include
generation of non-classical states of mechanical motion.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, revtex
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