The Effect of \u3cem\u3eLeucaena leucocephala\u3c/em\u3e on Beef Production and Toxicity in the Chaco Region of Argentina

Hedgerows of the fodder tree legume, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit ssp. glabrata (Rose Zárate) (leucaena), planted with companion grass, provide productive, profitable and sustainable tropical pasture (Shelton and Dalzell 2007). Although leucaena can improve beef production from tropical pastures, poor grower adoption has limited development of leucaena in the Chaco Region of Argentina. This can be partly attributed to: (1) unsuccessful establishment; (2) limited understanding of leucaena management as a forage resource; and (3) concerns about mimosine toxicity. These 3 limitations have been overcome in other regions of the world (e.g. northern Australia and the Chaco Region of Paraguay), but little is known about leucaena management and the protection status of ruminants against mimosine toxicosis in Argentina. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of leucaena on beef production and toxicity in the west of the Argentinean Chaco Region. We hypothesise that the introduction of leucaena into grass pastures will significantly increase beef productivity if mimosine toxicosis does not appear

Le Peneroplidi dei sedimenti recenti del Mediterraneo e del Golfo Persico

Questa nota riguarda lo studio di popolazioni differenti di Peneroplidi e le loro variazioni morfologiche individuali. I campioni sono stati prelevati, sempre a debole profondità, vicino alla costa. In Sardegna lungo la spiaggia di Golfo Aranci, nel Golfo Persico lungo la spiaggia di Aziziyah (a 1O Km circa a Sud di Alkhobar) e nella laguna interna Rawhat as Sayh

The effect of Leucaena leucocephala on beef production and its toxicity in the Chaco Region of Argentina

Hedgerows of the fodder tree legume, Leucaena leucocephala ssp. glabrata (leucaena), planted with a companion grass, provide productive, profitable and sustainable tropical pasture (Shelton and Dalzell 2007). Although leucaena can improve beef production, poor grower adoption has limited development of leucaena in the Chaco Region of Argentina. Factors contributing to poor adoption include: (1) unsuccessful establishment; (2) limited understanding of leucaena management as a forage resource; and (3) concerns about mimosine toxici-ty. While these 3 limitations have been overcome in other regions of the world (e.g. northern Australia and the Chaco Region of Paraguay), in Argentina little is known about leucaena management and the protection of ruminants against mimosine toxicosis.Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco SemiáridoFil: Radrizzani Bonadeo, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina.Fil: Nasca, Jose Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina

Virtual-bike emulation in a series-parallel human-powered electric bike

Combining the advantages of standard bicycles and electrified vehicles, electric bikes (e-Bikes) are promising vehicles to reduce emission and traffic. The current literature on e-Bikes ranges from works on the energy management to the vehicle control to properly govern the human-vehicle interaction. This last point is fundamental in chain-less series bikes, where the link between the human and the vehicle behavior is only given by a control law. In this work, we address this problem in a series-parallel bike. In particular, we provide an extension of the virtual-chain concept, born for series bikes, and then we improve it developing a virtual-bike framework. Experimental results are used to validate the effectiveness of the solutions, when the cyclist is actually riding the bike.Comment: Accepted for publication at the IFAC World Congress 202

Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in a \u3ci\u3eLeucaena leucocephala\u3c/i\u3e Silvopastoral System in the Chaco Region, Argentina

The introduction of leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) into hedgerow silvopastoral systems increases animal production and improves soil fertility, through biological nitrogen fixation and deep-rooted leguminous trees. There is limited information on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in hedgerow silvopastoral systems, particularly in long term periods and subsoil profiles. The concentrations and vertical distribution of organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN), and their fractions (particulate and associate forms) in the soil profile (0‒100 cm), with and without leucaena were compared 10 years after leucaena establishment into a 24-year-old tropical pasture (Urochloa brizantha-Chloris gayana). Leucaena increased the OC concentration in the deepest horizon (50‒100 cm) by 73% (from 0.40 to 0.69%), particularly the stable form (associate OC). This was attributed to a greater abundance of leucaena roots deeper in the profile than in the pure grass pasture. Leucaena also enhanced by 12% the TN concentration in the topsoil (0‒20 cm) (from 0.133 to 0.149%) and by 21% in deepest horizon (from 0.049 to 0.059%) associated with leaf deposition, recycling of animal feces and nodule-N turnover from N fixation. Although TN increased in the leucaena topsoil and it is expected that OC follows the same pattern, OC concentration decreased in the topsoil. The low OC content in the topsoil of the leucaena pasture was closely linked to the poor grass cover observed (r2 = 0.82). The loss in grass cover was attributed to the excessive grazing pressure imposed to control the height of leucaena hedgerows. Leucaena establishment has the potential to improve soil fertility and hence availability of N to companion grass growth, and can be utilized as a greenhouse gas mitigation strategy. However, to achieve the potential productivity and carbon sequestration of leucaena in silvopastoral systems, grass persistence needs to be evaluated under different management practices and grazing regimes

The “Fragment”: Fichte’s First Answer to Jacobi’s “Letter”

This article examines the aspects of the so-called “quarrel over atheism” between F. H. Jacobi and Fichte. In 1799 Jacobi writes the famous Letter to Fichte, in which the doctrine of science is designated as nihilistic. Special attention is paid to Fichte's unpublished response Rükerinnerungen, Antworten, Fragen (Recollections, answers, questions) and to the fragment of a letter to Jacobi and Reinhold. In this fragment, Fichte emphasizes the opposition between his philosophy and Jacobi’s philosophy, which corresponds to the opposition between the point of view of life and that of speculation. Although they are opposites, they can coexist with equal right as long as one does not try to legislate over the other.  Este artigo examina alguns aspectos da “querela sobre o ateísmo” entre F. H. Jacobi e Fichte. Em 1799, Jacobi redige a Carta a Fichte, na qual a doutrina da ciência é designada como niilista. Especial atenção será dada à resposta pouco conhecida e não publicada de Fichte Rükerinnerungen, Antworten, Fragen (Reminiscências, respostas, perguntas) e ao fragmento de uma carta que Fichte envia a Jacobi e Reinhold. Ali, Fichte ressalta a oposição entre sua filosofia e a de Jacobi, que equivale à oposição entre o ponto de vista da vida e da especulação. Embora ambos sejam contrários, podem coexistir com igual direito, desde que um não queira legislar sobre o outro.  

Reinhold et l’héritage de Bode

Cet article se fixe pour but d’examiner l’articulation entre l’engagement Maçonnique de Reinhold et sa carrière philosophique dans les années 1788–1794. Cette période est marquée par un événement majeur, qui survient en décembre 1793: la mort de Johann Christoph Bode, qui, après la crise de l’Illuminisme survenue en 1787, s’était appliqué à redéfinir l’orientation de l’Ordre. Reinhold, qui avait été étroitement associé aux travaux de Bode, se sent appelé à endosser son héritage

La réception de Fichte en France au xixe siècle

Après avoir relevé quelques traces d’une réception de Fichte dans la littérature française du xixe siècle, visant à établir que la référence à Fichte touche un public excédant largement les milieux académiques, on s’attachera à étudier de façon systématique et non historique la réception française de la Doctrine de la Science à cette époque, considérant trois ordres de difficultés, liées 1) au langage (polyglottisme, ironie), 2) à la méthode (déconstruction de l’illusion transcendantale) et 3) au contenu (assimilation à un idéalisme subjectif). Il apparaîtra que cet examen de la réception revient à la chronique d’une non-rencontre.After noting some traces of a reception of Fichte in French literature of the 19th century, aiming to establish that the reference to Fichte touches an audience far exceeding academic circles, we will study systematically and not historically the French reception of the Doctrine of Science at that time, considering three orders of difficulties, linked 1) to language (polyglottism, irony), 2) to method (deconstruction of transcendental illusion) and 3) to content (assimilation to subjective idealism). It will appear that this examination of reception comes back to the chronicle of a failed encounter

Les raisons systématiques de l’inachèvement du système fichtéen

For some years Fichte seems to have envisioned the possibility of presenting a definitive and final version of his Science of Knowledge. This article develops two reasons why such a project is structurally impossible. On the one hand, Fichte, inspired by the tradition of negative theology, challenges the capacity of language of being pure performativity: it always involves an element of letter which prevents it from being all spirit. On the other hand, the opening of the system to life implies a kind of incompleteness which is the only possible and consistent with the idea of the Doctrine of Science (understood as closed system of transcendental conditions of consciousness). More precisely, the specific completion of the Doctrine of Science cannot tolerate another kind of incompletion but that resulting of the opening to the life required by the system

Les raisons systématiques de l’inachèvement du système fichtéen

For some years Fichte seems to have envisioned the possibility of presenting a definitive and final version of his Science of Knowledge. This article develops two reasons why such a project is structurally impossible. On the one hand, Fichte, inspired by the tradition of negative theology, challenges the capacity of language of being pure performativity: it always involves an element of letter which prevents it from being all spirit. On the other hand, the opening of the system to life implies a kind of incompleteness which is the only possible and consistent with the idea of the Doctrine of Science (understood as closed system of transcendental conditions of consciousness). More precisely, the specific completion of the Doctrine of Science cannot tolerate another kind of incompletion but that resulting of the opening to the life required by the system