INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMIC THEORY AS A ROLE MODEL OF ECONOMY OF CONVENTIONS

The issue of institutional analysis has been in the focus of economic science since 1980 until now. It began as a criticism of old institutionalism, later developed as the neoinstitutional economic theory, an original direction of economic thought, that due to its identical methodology, represents specific (partial) extension of the neoclassical theory. Later a new French institutionalism as a criticism of neoinstitutional economic theory and the neoclassical one-sided and abstract rationality and appropriate treatment of methodoligical individualism appeared. These directions are formaly and conceptualy different, but they have some essential similarities, primarily related to ideological terms. Economy of conventions is one of the modern economic science courses. It is part of a broad intellectual movement, based on discussions of economists, sociologists, historians, psychologists and other social scientific representatives. It is a heterogeneous intellectual movement, trying to overcome the basic principles of neoclassical economics, especially the alleged existence of market equilibrium (which implies an optimal resource allocation and pricing in the conditions of ideal market) as well as rational behavior of economic agents (who optimize their economic activities in order to draw maximum benefit). So, one can say that this is a specific critique of neo-liberal notions of autonomy and even the dominance of economic factors in relation to the impact of social, political and other factors. This paper explains some important elements, indicating that the consensus theory and economy of conventions, despite the indisputable originality, has its role model in neo-institutional economics theory. The relationship between these respectable economic theories, their similarities and disciplinary demarcation lines have been defined. Its hypothesis is that these directions, despite many formal and conceptual differences, have enough similarities to imply the conclusion that neo-institutional economic theory in some parts can be viewed as a role model in relation to the economy of conventions

The Influence of Fatteners Dry and Liquid Diet on Slaughter Traits of Carcass Sides

The study was conducted on 700 fattening pigs, three breed half blood with Duroc as a terminal breed ((Large White x Landrace) x Duroc). The pigs were divided into the two groups according to diet: dry and liquid nutrition. Each group consisted of 350 fattening pigs and used the same feed mixtures in prefattening (CP-3) and fattening (ST). During the period from 24.8 to 60kg they were fed with a CP-3, a crude protein content of 16.37%. During the period from 60kg until the end they were fed with ST, a crude protein content of 15.3%. Muscle tissue processed half-carcasses in slaughterhouses were determined by a device that determines the value of S (fat thickness) and M (muscle thickness) using "method one point." Fat thickness skin in mm, measured 7 cm lateral to the central (median) cutting, in the amount between the second and third ribs of the tail. The thickness of the muscle in mm was measured at the same place as the thickness of the bacon. The results show that the fatling fed dry food had significantly higher carcass weight (80.41: 78.51 kg, p<0.05), backfat thickness (16.55: 15.31 mm, p<0.05), weight (muscle 55.80: 53.82, p<0.05), but a lower percentage of meat (56.6: 57.3, p<0.05) as compared to pigs fed liquid food. In finishing pigs fed dry food, between carcass weight and backfat thickness and muscle thickness a positive and significant correlation (0.4267 and 0.4290, p<0.05) was found and between carcass weight and lean meat a significant negative correlation (-0. 4236 and p<0.05). Between backfat thickness and lean meat in the carcass a negative and significant correlation (-0.8534, p<0.05) was found and between muscle thickness and lean meat a positive and significant correlation (0.2857, p<0.05). In finishing pigs fed liquid food, between carcass weight and backfat thickness and muscle thickness a positive and significant correlation (0.1800 and 0.3705, p<0.05) was found and between carcass weight and lean meat a significant negative correlation (-0. 2178; p <0.05). Between backfat thickness and percentage of meat in the carcass negative and significant correlation (-0.8692, p<0.05) was found and between muscle thickness and lean meat a positive and significant correlation (0.3168, p<0.05)

Estimation of the Variance Components of the Sow Litter Size Traits Using Reml Method - Repeatability Model

Variance components for sow litter size traits were estimated using the REML method. Number of live born piglets (NBA), number of still born piglets (NSB), number of total born piglets (NTB) and number of weaned piglets (NW) were treated as traits which repeated several times during sow lifetime - repeatability model. Results of the fertility of Swedish Landrace sows realized on three pig farms in the Republic of Serbia were presented in four data sets DS1 (farm 1), DS2 (farm 2), DS3 (farm 3) and DS23 (farms 2 and 3 together). Fixed part of the model for litter size traits at farrowing (NBA, NSB and NTB) included parity, mating season as year-month interaction, litter genotype and weaning to conception interval as class effects. The age at farrowing was modelled as a quadratic regression nested within parity, whereas preceding lactation length was included as linear regression. In case of NW the model included parity, weaning season as year-month interaction, number of piglets in litter subsequent to crossfostering and litter genotype as class effects. The age at farrowing was included into the model in the same way as in case of previous traits. Random part of the model was the same for all analysed traits and represented as effect of common environment in litter where sows had been born, permanent effect of environment in sows’ litters and direct additive genetic effect. Heritability of NBA varied between 0.050 (DS2) and 0.076 (DS3), NSB between 0.004 (DS3) and 0.027 (DS2), NTB between 0.065 (DS2) and 0.073 (DS3) and of NW between 0.010 (DS2) and 0.028 (DS1). Share of permanent environment of sow in phenotypic variance was higher than share of litter effect and mostly lower than share of direct genetic effect

Time-resolved photoluminescence of n-doped SrTiO_3

Following the recent surge of interest in n-doped strontium titanate as a possible blue light emitter, a time-resolved photoluminescence analysis was performed on nominally pure, Nb-doped and oxygen-deficient single-crystal SrTiO3 samples. The doping-effects on both the electronic states involved in the transition and the decay mechanism are respectively analyzed by comparing the spectral and dynamic features and the yields of the emission. Our time-resolved analysis, besides shedding some light on the basic recombination mechanisms acting in these materials, sets the intrinsic bandwidth limit of the proposed blue light emitting optoelectronic devices made of Ti-based perovskites heterostructures in the GHz range

Distribution of Trace Elements in Plant Parts of Red Clover (\u3cem\u3eTrifolium pratense\u3c/em\u3e L.)

There is little information on the distribution of minerals in plant parts although factors affecting mineral content in forages have been well investigated (Fleming, 1973; Whitehead et al., 1985). The aim of this investigation was to determine the trace mineral content in plant parts of different cultivars of red clover (foreign and domestic) and to assess differences between cultivars. The existence of significant differences between cultivars would indicate the possibility of selecting cultivars to satisfy particular animal requirements for minerals

Estrus Induction in Sexually Mature Gilts with Different Hormonal Treatments

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the synchronized estrus induction in sexually mature gilts, after treatment with different hormonal treatments, given in the unknown phase of a spontaneous estrus cycle. Sexually mature gilts were used, with at least one spontaneous estrous cycle. A total of 90 gilts were treated with single i/m injection of 1,000 IU eCG (Folligon®), 40 gilts were treated with two separate i/m injection of 1 ml PGF2α (Dinolytic®), at an interval of 11 days, and 40 gilts were treated orally (within diet) with 20 mg of synthetic progestagen preparation Altrenogest (Regumate®), during 18 days. Estrus was detected twice daily, in the 10h to 12h intervals, by direct contact with the teaser boar. The best induction of synchronized estrus (in 90% of gilts), which appeared within the first 7 days (mean 5.3 days) after treatment, was found in gilts treated with progestagen preparations. In the three repetitions of treatment with eCG, within the first 7 days (mean 4.2 days) after the treatment, estrus was detected in 65%, 40% or 33% of the treated gilts. After treatment with luteolytic preparation PGF2α (Dynolitic®), estrus was detected in 40% of gilts, on average 5.5 days after treatment. The obtained results clearly show that the successful induction of synchronized estrus in sexually mature gilts can be done only by the method for prolongation of the luteal phase of the spontaneous estrous cycles, using progestagen preparations

Effects Of Sample Orientation On The Corrosion Of Zinc In Ammonium Sulfate And Sodium Hydroxide Solutions

The corrosion and electrochemical properties of three zinc single crystal surfaces with different orientations have been investigated. In near-neutral 1 M (NH4)2SO4, the corrosion rates on all three surfaces were found to be similar. However, the SEM morphologies of the corresponding corroded surfaces were markedly different from each other, but consistent with preferential attack of {1120} surfaces. In alkaline 0.5 N NaOH solution, the three sample orientations showed significantly different reactivities, with the (1120) surface exhibiting the highest reactivity and corrosion rate. Here, passivation ultimately occurred and the difference in the corrosion performance of the three surfaces, even for small overvoltages, is attributed to the presence of oxide or hydrated oxide films. © 1991

Photocatalytic degradation of metoprolol tartrate in suspensions of two TiO2-based photocatalysts with different surface area. Identification of intermediates and proposal of degradation pathways.

This study investigates the efficiency of the photocatalytic degradation of metoprolol tartrate (MET), a widely used β 1-blocker, in TiO 2 suspensions of Wackherr's " Oxyde de titane standard" and Degussa P25. The study encompasses transformation kinetics and efficiency, identification of intermediates and reaction pathways. In the investigated range of initial concentrations (0.01-0.1mM), the photocatalytic degradation of MET in the first stage of the reaction followed approximately a pseudo-first order kinetics. The TiO 2 Wackherr induced a significantly faster MET degradation compared to TiO 2 Degussa P25 when relatively high substrate concentrations were used. By examining the effect of ethanol as a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals (OH), it was shown that the reaction with OH played the main role in the photocatalytic degradation of MET. After 240min of irradiation the reaction intermediates were almost completely mineralized to CO 2 and H 2O, while the nitrogen was predominantly present as NH4+. Reaction intermediates were studied in detail and a number of them were identified using LC-MS/MS (ESI+), which allowed the proposal of a tentative pathway for the photocatalytic transformation of MET as a function of the TiO 2 specimen