Prva srpska sorta ozimog graška za zrno, NS-Mraz

The first local cultivar of winter pea for grain, 'NS MRAZ', was developed by pedigree selection from the hybrid population created by crossing local populations and one French line of pea. The cultivar has a high seed yield potential, exceptional earliness and tolerance to low temperatures. Its average plant height is 75-85 cm; it is of the afila type of pea, tolerant to lodging and of uniform maturity. Its genetic potential for seed yield is more than 7,000 kg ha-1, and it achieved an average seed yield of 5,110 kg ha-1 in three-year trials, while seed yield in production conditions was above 5,500 kg ha-1. Thousand-grain weight is about 200 g, which was the goal achieved in reducing the amount of seed per unit area. Protein yield ranged from 1,100 to 1,200 kg ha-1.Prva domaća sorta ozimog graška za zrno, NS MRAZ, nastala je pedigre metodom selekcije iz hibridne populacije nastale ukrštanjem domaćih populacija i jedne francuske linije graška. Sorta se odlikuje visokim potencijalom rodnosti zrna, izuzetnom ranostasnošću i otpornošću na niske temperature. Prosečna visina stabljike je 75 do 85 cm, afila tipa, tolerantna na poleganje i ujednačenog sazrevanja. Genetički potencijal za prinos zrna je iznad 7 000 kg ha -1 , a u trogodišnjim ogledima ostvarila je prosečan prinos zrna od 5 110 kg ha -1 , dok je u proizvodnim uslovima prinos semena bio iznad 5 500 kg ha -1 . Masa 1000 zrna je oko 200 grama, što je i bio cilj, kako bi se smanjila količina semena po jedinici površine. Prinos proteina kretao se od 1 100 do 1 200 kg ha -1

Maize hybrids response on increased to crop density

Gustina sklopa, odnosno broj biljaka po jedinici površine je veoma važan činilac u proizvodnji kukuruza. Gustina useva ispoljava veliku varijabilnost i zavisi od većeg broja faktora: dužine vegetacionog perioda hibrida, morfoloških osobina i habitusa biljke, količine i rasporeda padavina u toku vegetacije, rezervi zimske vlage u zemljištu, nivoa plodnosti zemljišta, vremena setve, smera proizvodnje (zelena biomasa ili zrno) i dr. Uvođenjem u proizvodnju hibrida kukuruza većeg genetičkog potencijala rodnosti i boljih agronomskih osobina, savremene mehanizacije i intenzivne agrotehnike, gustine useva su povećavane. Svako smanjenje broja biljaka od optimalnog dovodi do smanjenja prinosa, jer je gustina useva jedan od najvažnijih preduslova za formiranje visokih i stabilnih prinosa. Smatra se da će se u proizvodnji kukuruza u budućnosti gustine sklopova i dalje povećavati kao jedan od mogućnosti u okviru doprinosa agrotehničkih rešenja u povećanju prinosa.Maize density is an important factor in cultivation which has significant effect on growth parameters. Newer hybrids have greater grain yield at higher plant densities than older hybrids. Differences in grain yield between older and newer maize hybrids were shown to be a function of plant population density. Optimum plant density for maximum grain yield per unit area may differ from hybrid to hybrid on account of significant interactions between hybrids and densities. Modern hybrids have shown tendencies to withstand higher levels of stress (i.e.- low N, high plant densities), which allow them to better sustain suitable photosynthetic rates, appropriate assimilate supplies, and maintain plant growth rates attributable to enhanced mineral nutrition and water use efficiency

Comparable Toxicity of Surface-Modified TiO2 Nanoparticles: An In Vivo Experimental Study on Reproductive Toxicity in Rats

Nanoparticles (NPs), a distinct class of particles ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm, are one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century, and titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2 NPs) are among the most widely produced and used NPs globally. The increased application of TiO2 NPs raises concerns regarding their global safety and risks of exposure. Many animal studies have reported the accumulation of TiO2 NPs in female reproductive organs; however, evidence of the resultant toxicity remains ambiguous. Since the surface area and chemical modifications of NPs can significantly change their cytotoxicity, we aimed to compare the toxic effects of pristine TiO2 powder with surface-modified TiO2 powders with salicylic acid (TiO2/SA) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (TiO2/5-ASA) on the ovaries, oviducts, and uterus on the 14th day following acute oral treatment. The results, based on alterations in food and water intake, body mass, organ-to-body mass ratio, hormonal status, histological features of tissues of interest, and antioxidant parameters, suggest that the modification with 5-ASA can mitigate some of the observed toxic effects of TiO2 powder and encourage future investigations to create NPs that can potentially reduce the harmful effects of TiO2 NPs while preserving their positive impacts

Tissue Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Expression in the Prediction of Renal Function for Several Years after Kidney Biopsy

Objectives. Retrospective study was designed to examine the importance of tissue kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) expression in predicting kidney function in sixty patients (27 males) aged 34.15 +/- 12.23 years with different kidney diseases over three years after kidney biopsy. Materials and Methods. Tissue KIM-1 expression was determined immunohistochemically and KIM-1 staining was scored semiquantitatively, as well as tubulointerstitialis (TIN), inflammation, atrophy, and fibrosis. Kidney function (MDRD formula) and proteinuria/day were evaluated at the time of biopsy (GFR0) and 6, 12, 24, and 36 months later Results. Significantly positive correlations between tissue KIM-1 expression and age (r = 0.313), TIN inflammation (r = 0.456), fibrosis (r = 0.317), and proteinuria at 6 months (r = 0.394) as well as negative correlations with GFR0 (r = -0.572), GFR6 (r = -0.442), GFR24 (r = -0.398), and GFR36 (r = -0.412) were found. Meanwhile, TIN inflammation was the best predictor of all measured kidney functions during three years, while tissue KIM-1 expression (p = 0.016) was a predictor only at 6 months after biopsy. Conclusion. Tissue KIM-1 expression significantly predicts kidney function solely at 6 months after biopsy, when the effects of immune and nonimmune treatments are the strongest

Impact of synthesis parameters on the properties of polymer/MXene nanocomposites

MXenes are a relatively new class of 2D nanomaterials with promising properties. The functional groups on the surface of the nanosheets play a vital role in interacting with other materials, especially in nanocomposites. Biocompatibility, admirable mechanical properties, and thermal stability are the most significant properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based polyurethanes (PU). They are highly convenient for applications in electronic devices and implants. In this study, the MXene content was 1 wt. % for two series and 0.5 wt. % for the other two series, while the soft segment content was 50 wt. % for all the series. The nanocomposites were obtained using an in-situ polymerization method. The timing of adding the MXene nanoparticles to the reaction mixture was also varied to examine the changes in the physico-mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile tests were conducted to analyze the properties of the resulting materials. The glass transition temperature is highest for the series in which MXenes are added in the first phase of polyaddition after the solvation of MDI, while the series with 0.5 wt.% MXene added later into the reaction exhibit two transitions. SEM images revealed uneven distribution and agglomeration of MXene nanoflakes when added into the siloxane prepolymer. The tensile test indicated that the series with 0.5 wt. % nanoflakes have significantly lower Young's modulus and tensile strength. The distribution of nanoparticles and surface morphology are strongly influenced by the timing of adding the MXene dispersion into the reaction mixture, as well as the nanoparticle content.The poster: [https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6944

Effect of sensory stimulation on salivary IgA secretion rate in karate players

Objectives: Secretory IgA is predominant immunoglobulin in secretions of the mucosal immune system. Low concentration of salivary IgA is associated with a higher risk of respiratory tract infections episodes in athletes during the training season. The purpose of this study was to determine whether orange-flavored whey based drink has beneficial effect on level of IgA in saliva after the training. Methods: Twenty healthy, young karate players participated in this study. They were divided into two groups. One group rinsed a mouth with 20 ml of liquid whey, two times in 30-min period: 15 and 30 min after training. Second group rinsed a mouth with 20 ml of whey based orange flavored soft drink, at the same time. Saliva was collected before the training, just after the training and after application of fluids. Results: We observed decrease in salivary flow after physical activity. The salivary flow was higher after the application of flavored drink compared to salivary flow after the application of whey. The absolute concentration of sIgA and sIgA secretion rate decreased just after exercise compared to pre exercise values. Application of whey elevated sIgA levels on day 1, while application of flavored drink caused increasing in sIgA levels on day 3. In all other cases sIgA level was decreasing even after applied stimuli. Conclusions: The exercise induces decreasing in salivary flow, sIgA absolute concentration and sIgA secretion rate. Application of fluid whey and flavored whey-based drink elevated salivary flow, but had little effect on absolute concentration of sIgA and sIgA secretion rate in young karate players

Polycystic kidney disease--autopsy review from the period 1987-2007

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited kidney disease that affects both kidneys and it is characterized by diffuse replacement of renal parenchyma by thousands of microcysts. In time, renal insufficiency develops. There are two forms of PKD: ADPKD, which is detected in adults (children are rarely affected), and ARPK, which is detected in neonates (later presentations do occur, but rarely). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse frequency of polycystic kidney disease, clinical data and morphological characteristics. METHOD: At the Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Belgrade, there were detected 33 cases of ADPKD and 20 cases of ARPKD between 1987 and 2007. RESULTS: There were no differences between incidence of ADPKD in males and females. Average age of patients with ADPKD was 52 years. In 20 (66.7%) cases of ADPKD there were neither extrarenal cysts nor extrarenal manifestations detected. In other 13 cases, we detected extrarenal cysts: hepatic cysts in 8 cases, pancreatic cysts in 5 cases. In two cases, hepatic cysts were associated with intracranial (arachnoid cysts) and extracranial aneurysms. The most frequent cause of death in patients with ADPKD was end-stage disease. ARPKD affects more often male children compared to female. 70% of children with ARPKD were male. The mean age of patients with ARPKD was 1 month. 5 patients (40%) had hepatic fibrosis. The most frequent cause of death was respiratory insufficiency (75%). In 25% of patients, the cause of death was sepsis and renal insufficiency. CONCLUSION: Morphological and clinical manifestations of the analysed cases of both types of PKD are fairly consistent with literature data. Better knowing of aethiopathogenesis of PKD will facilitate early diagnosis, based on clinical and morphological characteristics and better management of the disease

Clinicopathological Relevance of PAX8 Expression Patterns in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Diseases

Transcription factor PAX8, expressed during embryonic kidney development, has been previously detected in various kidney tumors. In order to investigate expression of PAX8 transcription factor in acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD), immunohistochemical analysis was performed. Presence, location and extent of PAX8 expression were analyzed among 31 human kidney samples of AKI (25 autopsy cases, 5 kidney biopsies with unknown etiology and 1 AKI with confirmed myoglobin cast nephropathy), as well as in animals with induced postischemic AKI. Additionally, expression pattern was analyzed in 20 kidney biopsy samples of CKD. Our study demonstrates that various kidney diseases with chronic disease course that results in the formation of tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis, lead to PAX8 expression in the nuclei of proximal tubules. Furthermore, patients with PAX8 detected within the damaged proximal tubuli would be carefully monitored, since deterioration in kidney function was observed during follow-up. We also showed that myoglobin provoked acute kidney injury followed with large extent of renal damage, was associated with strong nuclear expression of PAX8 in proximal tubular cells. These results were supported and followed by data obtained in experimental model of induced postischemic acute kidney injury. Considering these findings, we can assume that PAX8 protein might be involved in regeneration process and recovery after acute kidney injury. Thus, accordingly, all investigation concerning PAX8 immunolabeling should be performed on biopsy samples of the living individuals

The effect of antioxidant status on overall survival in renal cell carcinoma

Introduction The oxidative stress contributes to all three phases of carcinogenesis and represents a concomitant condition in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RCC is the most common type of neoplasm of the kidney, and despite numerous studies the set of predictive and prognostic markers of survival are still unknown. The aim of our study was to examine the relation between antioxidant (AO) status and overall survival (OS) in RCC patients. Material and methods Our study included 95 patients with RCC, who underwent radical nephrectomy. We analysed the prognostic role of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione, and malondialde-hyde) and other clinicopathological factors (size, grade, stage, and histological subtype) on the OS of RCC patients. Results The 5-year OS was 54.6%. The survival analysis related to AO parameters showed no significant difference in survival of RCC patients. The concentration of malondialdehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, also had no significant effect on the survival rate of RCC pa-tients. Univariate and multivariate analysis confirmed the significance of clinicopathological parameters (size, p < 0.001; Fuhrman grade, p = 0.001, and stage, p < 0.001) for patients’ survival. Conclusions In our cohort of patients, different antioxidant parameters were not found to be predictors for OS of patients with RCC, who underwent radical nephrectomy

Effect of combined antioxidant treatment on oxidative stress, muscle damage and sport performance in female basketball players

Introduction/Objective We determined the impact of antioxidant supplementation by GE132® on sports performance, oxidative stress markers, and muscle enzymes activities in professional female basketball players. Methods Repetitive strength, explosive power, anaerobic endurance, and agility performance were measured before/after the 45-day supplementation period. The FORT (Free Oxygen Radicals Test) and FORD analysis (Free Oxygen Radical Defense) were assessed before/after basketball specific exercise bout, at the beginning/end of observational period. The grade of muscle damage was evaluated by aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Results After supplementation period, significant difference was not recorded regarding the basic motor skills tests. Basketball specific exercise bout induced significant increase in FORT (p < 0.05) only at the beginning of supplementation period. Both FORT and FORD significantly decreased over the observational period (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). CK and LDH were remarkably lower at the end of observational period (p < 0.05), compared to the baseline. Conclusion Exogenous supplementation with protective nutraceuticals such as those found in GE132®, could reduce acute/chronic oxidative stress and muscle damage, but had no effect on sport performance in basketball players. © 2019, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved