Hepatic and Renal Function Tests and Routine Hematological Markers in Patients with Cerebrovascular Accident and Transient Ischemic Attack

Background and Aim: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), also known as stroke, is a vascular syndrome that is the second leading cause of death in the world after ischemic heart disease. Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is a warning sign for CVA so that 20% of patients with TIA experience a subsequent stroke within 90 days. Hence, identification of laboratory markers is crucial for the prognosis and diagnosis of patients with CVA and TIA. Changes in some laboratory markers occur in patients with CVA and TIA. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate hepatic and renal function tests and routine hematological markers in patients with CVA and TIA. Methods: The present study was a cross - sectional analytical study. The study population was patients with CVA and TIA who were hospitalized in Abadan and Khorramshahr educational hospitals from March 21, 2019, to March 19, 2020. One hundred patients with CVA and one hundred patients with TIA were randomly selected and the necessary information (age, sex, liver enzymes, renal function tests, FBS, and routing hematologic markers including CBC, ESR, PT and PTT) of the patients was collected from HIS (Hospital Information System) of Abadan and Khorramshahr educational hospitals. Liver, kidney and hematologic diagnostic markers were evaluated by age and gender. Data analysis was performed using a t -test (to compare gender difference of laboratory markers in CVA and TIA groups) and one-way ANOVA (to compare laboratory markers among age groups of patients with CVA and TIA). Simple linear regression was used to examine the relationships between changes in FBS (mg / dl) and changes in laboratory diagnostic factors. Results: The results of this study showed that the highest frequency of patients with CVA (n= 130, 27.3%) and TIA (n= 49, 23.8%) was observed in the age group of 55-64 years. The results indicate that the mean level of some laboratory markers such as FBS (CVA: 174.32 ± 105.83; TIA: 150.32 ± 83.32), creatinine (CVA: 1.37 ± 1.32; 1.42 ± 1.09), LDH (CVA: 696.29 ± 344.90; TIA: 538.17 ± 230.76), and ESR (CVA: 52.41 ± 37.61; TIA: 14.00 ± 8.40) was higher than the normal range in both CVA and TIA. The mean of SGOT (34.10 ± 26.40 IU / L) and ALK (331.44 ± 370.78 IU / L) enzymes were higher than normal only in CVA patients and the mean of SGPT (33.08 ± 38.55 IU / L) was higher than normal only in TIA patients. It was also observed that in patients with CVA, with each unit increase in FBS, a significant increase occurs in K+ level (P < 0.001), WBC (P= 0.003), and RBC (P= 0.031) count, as well as a significant decrease in Na+ level (P= 0.008). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed an increase in the level of FBS, ESR and LDH both in CVA and TIA. While SGOT and ALK increased only in CVA patients, SGPT showed an increase only in TIA patients.   *First Corresponding Author: Esmat Radmanesh; Email: [email protected]; ORCID ID:                                        0000-0003-1369-6580 Second Corresponding Author: Sahar Golabi; Email: [email protected] Please cite this article as:  Monfared A, Fadavipour M, Golabi S, Kamyari N, Zahedi A, Hazbenejad A, Kanani K, Jelvay S, Tajvidi M, Radmanesh E. Hepatic and Renal Function Tests and Routine Hematological Markers in Patients with Cerebrovascular Accident and Transient Ischemic Attack. Arch Med Lab Sci. 2023;9:1-9 (e3). https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v9.3925

A combined fMRI and DTI examination of functional language lateralization and arcuate fasciculus structure: Effects of degree versus direction of hand preference Author links open overlay panel

The present study examined the relationship between hand preference degree and direction, functional language lateralization in Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, and structural measures of the arcuate fasciculus. Results revealed an effect of degree of hand preference on arcuate fasciculus structure, such that consistently-handed individuals, regardless of the direction of hand preference, demonstrated the most asymmetric arcuate fasciculus, with larger left versus right arcuate, as measured by DTI. Functional language lateralization in Wernicke’s area, measured via fMRI, was related to arcuate fasciculus volume in consistent-left-handers only, and only in people who were not right hemisphere lateralized for language; given the small sample size for this finding, the future investigation is warranted. Results suggest handedness degree may be an important variable to investigate in the context of neuroanatomical asymmetries

Genotype-phenotype correlation at codon 1740 ofSETD2

The SET domain containing 2, histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by SETD2 is a dual-function methyltransferase for histones and microtubules and plays an important role for transcriptional regulation, genomic stability, and cytoskeletal functions. Specifically, SETD2 is associated with trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me3) and methylation of α-tubulin at lysine 40. Heterozygous loss of function and missense variants have previously been described with Luscan-Lumish syndrome (LLS), which is characterized by overgrowth, neurodevelopmental features, and absence of overt congenital anomalies. We have identified 15 individuals with de novo variants in codon 1740 of SETD2 whose features differ from those with LLS. Group 1 consists of 12 individuals with heterozygous variant c.5218C>T p.(Arg1740Trp) and Group 2 consists of 3 individuals with heterozygous variant c.5219G>A p.(Arg1740Gln). The phenotype of Group 1 includes microcephaly, profound intellectual disability, congenital anomalies affecting several organ systems, and similar facial features. Individuals in Group 2 had moderate to severe intellectual disability, low normal head circumference, and absence of additional major congenital anomalies. While LLS is likely due to loss of function of SETD2, the clinical features seen in individuals with variants affecting codon 1740 are more severe suggesting an alternative mechanism, such as gain of function, effects on epigenetic regulation, or posttranslational modification of the cytoskeleton. Our report is a prime example of different mutations in the same gene causing diverging phenotypes and the features observed in Group 1 suggest a new clinically recognizable syndrome uniquely associated with the heterozygous variant c.5218C>T p.(Arg1740Trp) in SETD2

Evaluation of laboratory diagnostic markers in patients with hypertension

Background: Hypertension is growing as a global public health problem. It is one of the most important risk factors for various diseases including cardiovascular disease. The study of laboratory markers and early detection of complications can play an effective role in controlling the disease. Objectives: The present study was performed to determine renal, hepatic, and blood markers in patients with hypertension in Abadan and Khorramshahr educational hospitals. Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was performed from March 21, 2020, to March 19, 2021, on patients with hypertension referred to Abadan and Khorramshahr educational hospitals. Information on age, sex, and laboratory diagnostic factors of patients with hypertension admitted to HIS were received. Data were analyzed using STATA software. Results: The study population was 1505 patients with hypertension admitted to Abadan and Khorramshahr educational hospitals (487 male (32%) and 1018 were females (68%). The average age of the patients was 61 (SD: 12). The highest frequency of patients with hypertension was in the age group of 64-55 years with a frequency of 420 (27.9%). The results showed that the mean of creatinine was higher than normal. The mean of CK-MB and INR was slightly higher than normal. The two sexes were significantly different from the mean of CK-MB, AST, ALT, Cr, Na, MCHC, HCT, HB, and RBC. According to the unadjusted and multiple logistic regression analysis, Each 1 unit increase in BUN and K+ was associated with an increase in the odds of abnormal creatinine. Each 1 unit increase in RBC, HB, HCT, MCH, and MCHC was associated with a decrease in the odds of abnormal creatinine, and Each 1 unit increase in PT was associated with an increase in the odds of abnormal creatinine. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that some laboratory markers in patients with hypertension were above the normal range including renal, cardiac, and coagulation diagnostic factors and some of it depends on age and sex, so it is important to pay attention to these markers in controlling high blood pressure in these patients, however, further studies in this field are recommended. &nbsp

Evaluation of brain mri alignment with the robust hausdorff distance measures

Abstract. We present a novel automated method for assessment of image alignment, applied to non-rigid registration of brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging data (MRI) for image-guided neurosurgery. We propose a number of robust modifications to the Hausdorff distance (HD) metric, and apply it to the edges recovered from the brain MRI to evaluate the accuracy of image alignment. The evaluation results on synthetic images, simulated tumor growth MRI and real neurosurgery data with expertidentified anatomical landmarks, confirm that the accuracy of alignment error estimation is improved compared to the conventional HD. The proposed approach can be used to increase confidence in the registration results, assist in registration parameter selection, and provide local estimates and visual assessment of the registration error