9 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ
Irrational administration of antimicrobials, incorrect regimens and dosing provide occurrence of adverse effects with minimal therapeutic results and development of drug resistance including anti-tuberculosis drugs. The study was designed to detect information sources on drug therapy used by general practitioners and TB specialists, to establish stereotypical models of antibacterial drug administration in prevalent upper and lower airway diseases at the Samara region and to substantiate the supposition about unreasonable empiric administration of anti-tuberculosis drugs in a respiratory patient without microbiological confirmation as a probable cause of drug resistant tuberculosis. A cross-sectional study based on a special questionnaire was performed in 425 general practitioners in primary care facilities, hospitals and in TB specialists at the Samara region. The questionnaire contained several clinical situations and their solving and the respondents should choose the most suitable ones. Results demonstrated that majority of the practitioners (80 %, or 340 / 425 cases) widely use advertising information regarding antimicrobials. Several doctors (1.7 %) chose antibacterial drugs to treat acute respiratory viral infection, 0.8 to 1.6 % of doctors certainly decided to administer anti-tuberculotics in non-TB respiratory diseases such as acute bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, communityacquired pneumonia and acute tonsillitis, and approximately one fifth of the practitioners thought to administer antituberculotics in these diseases (18.4 % (78 / 425) β rifampicin, 21.2 % (90 / 425) β isoniasid).ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅) ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ. Ρ. ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Ρ, Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π±Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ 425 Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π²Π΅Π½Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π» ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ β Π² 80 % (340 / 425) ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² β ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ (1,7 %) Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ; ΠΎΡ 0,8 % Π΄ΠΎ 1,6 % Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ°, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½Π·ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΡΠ°), ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² (18,4 %, (78 / 425) β Π ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ½; 21,2 % (90 / 425) β ΠΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΄) ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Not Available
Not AvailableTen okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) plants showing distinct yellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD) symptoms were collected from different fields in Karnataka State, India. The genomic DNA of the isolated viruses was amplified, cloned, and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that the DNA-A-like sequences of all ten isolates were identical. Sequence analysis of a representative virus isolate (OYSK2) with other begomovirus sequences available in GenBank showed β₯90% sequence identity with Bhendi yellow vein Maharashtra virus (BYVMaV; EU482411) and β€89% homology with full-length Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) infecting okra on the Indian subcontinent. These results suggested that a new strain of BYVMaV was present in all ten samples collected from the field. A source of resistance to BYVMaV and naturally present virus isolates causing YVMD was identified by screening okra genotypes under artificial and natural inoculation conditions, respectively. None of the genotypes tested showed complete immunity to BYVMaV. However, the okra genotypes βTulasiβ and βTrishaβ were only moderately susceptible under glasshouse and field conditions. The new begomovirus strain could be detected by dot-blot hybridisation using a non-radioactive DNA probe in the virus samples collected from both symptomless and symptomatic okra plants.Not Availabl
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C57BL/6 mice exhibit spontaneous cerebellar malformations consisting of heterotopic neurons and glia in the molecular layer of the posterior vermis, indicative of neuronal migration defect during cerebellar development. Recognizing that many genetically engineered (GE) mouse lines are produced from C57BL/6 ES cells or backcrossed to this strain, we performed histological analyses and found that cerebellar heterotopia were a common feature present in the majority of GE lines on this background. Furthermore, we identify GE mouse lines that will be valuable in the study of cerebellar malformations including diverse driver, reporter, and optogenetic lines. Finally, we discuss the implications that these data have on the use of C57BL/6 mice and GE mice on this background in studies of cerebellar development or as models of disease