Exploring the Role of Efficacy Accessibility in Risk Behavior

Social and Behavioral Sciences; Social Work; Law: 3rd Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum)The present research examined whether individuals differ in the accessibility of beliefs about their ability to avoid risky behavior. A new reaction time measure, based on previous measures of accessible attitudes and norms, was developed to quantify the accessibility of chronic self-efficacy. Findings suggest that the accessibility of efficacy related to risky and anti-risk behavioral intentions varies across individuals, and is predictive of risk intentions. Additional investigation found that resting levels of anti-risk efficacy moderate the relationship between risky peer norm accessibility and risk intentions, such that those with accessible risky peer norms who can more easily bring to mind that they can refuse to engage in risk behavior are less likely to form risky intentions.A five-year embargo was granted for this item

Institutional tensions, corporate social responsibility and district-level governance of tobacco industry interference:Analysing challenges in local implementation of Article 5.3 measures in Karnataka, India

INTRODUCTION: Accelerating progress on tobacco control will require Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to be systematically integrated into policies and practices of sectors beyond health at diverse government levels. However, no study has explored implementation challenges of Article 5.3 within multilevel systems such as India, where political decisions on tobacco control occur at diverse government levels, which may constrain action at local level. METHODS: Based on 33 semi-structured interviews with diverse government and civil society stakeholders across four districts in Karnataka, India (Mysore, Mangalore, Bengaluru (rural) and Udupi), this study examines challenges to implement Article 5.3 arising from competing agendas and policies of different actors at multiple levels. RESULTS: Our analysis reveals generally low levels of awareness of Article 5.3 and its guideline recommendations, even among those directly involved in tobacco control at district level. Efforts to implement Article 5.3 were also challenged by competing views on the appropriate terms of engagement with industry actors. Scope to reconcile tensions across competing health, agriculture and commercial agendas was further constrained by the policies and practices of the national Tobacco Board, thereby undermining local implementation of Article 5.3. The most challenging aspect of Article 5.3 implementation was the difficulties in restricting engagement by government officials and departments with tobacco industry corporate social responsibility initiatives given national requirements for such activities among major corporations. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting effective implementation of Article 5.3 in Karnataka will require policymakers to work across policy silos and reconcile tensions across India’s national health and economic priorities

Norms, rules and policy tools:Understanding Article 5.3 as an instrument of tobacco control governance

INTRODUCTION: Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, elaborated via its implementation guidelines, can be understood as a policy instrument comprising norms, rules and policy tools designed to shape practices of policy making and minimise tobacco industry interference. METHODS: This qualitative research is based on in-depth interviews with officials from diverse government sectors and non-governmental organisations across countries (Ethiopia, India, Uganda) that have adopted measures to implement Article 5.3. RESULTS: The data highlight varied perceptions and knowledge of Article 5.3 norms between health and non-health sectors. Health officials typically link its norm of a fundamental conflict between public health and industry interests to the norm of protecting public health policies from industry interference. While officials in sectors beyond health broadly endorsed this core norm, they exhibited more limited awareness of Article 5.3 and its model of governance. The results examine how rules to implement Article 5.3 have been codified, but identify the absence of policy tools necessary to operationalise rules and norms. This limitation, alongside restricted awareness beyond health departments, suggests that political commitments to implement Article 5.3 will have limited impact on practices of stakeholder consultation and policy engagement with the tobacco industry. CONCLUSION: Conceptualising Article 5.3 as a policy instrument helps to explain how its rules and policy tools interact with each other and with broader governance processes. This framework has the potential to enhance understanding of Article 5.3 and help identify opportunities and constraints in its implementation

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.4

Keeping Up With Today, Margaret Ralston, page 2 Dear Homemaker Staff, Mable Jennings, page 3 Our Summer Fellowships, Victoria McKibben, page 4 Pan American Menus, Marian Loofe, page 6 Accent On Accessories, Frances Madigan, page 7 What’s New in Home Economics, Lily Houseman, page 8 Designed by Iowa Coeds, Helen Horton, page 10 Across Alumnae Desks, Virginia Carter, page 12 Alums in the News, Rachel Ann Lusher, page 1

Advancing whole-of-government approaches to tobacco control:Article 5.3 and the challenge of policy coordination in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India and Uganda

INTRODUCTION: Despite an extensive evidence base on the diverse economic, environmental and social benefits of tobacco control, difficulties in establishing coordinated national approaches remain a defining challenge for Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) implementation. Minimising tobacco industry interference is seen as key to effective coordination, and this paper analyses implementation of Article 5.3 guidelines, exploring implications for whole-of-government approaches to tobacco control in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India and Uganda. METHODS: Based on 131 semistructured interviews with government officials and other key stakeholders, we explore barriers and facilitators for promoting: (1) horizontal coordination across health and other policy spheres, and (2) vertical coordination across national and subnational governments on Article 5.3 implementation. RESULTS: Our analysis identifies common barriers to coordination across diverse geographical contexts and varying approaches to implementation. They highlight broadly shared experiences of limited understanding and engagement beyond health agencies; restricted responsibility and uncertainty amid conflicting mandates; tensions with wider governance practices and norms; limited capacity and authority of coordination mechanisms; and obstacles to vertical coordination across local, state and national governments. Interview data also indicate important opportunities to advance coordination across sectors and government levels, with Article 5.3 measures capable of informing changes in practices, building support in other sectors, allowing for ‘bottom-up’ innovation and being shaped by engagement with civil society. CONCLUSION: Supporting effective implementation of Article 5.3 is key to advancing multisectoral approaches to FCTC implementation and tobacco control’s contributions to global health and sustainable development

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.8

Keeping Up With Today, Margaret Ralston, page 2 Honored for Service, page 3 From Graduates’ Letters, page 4 G. I. Candy Bar, Ruth Midgorden, page 5 When You’re Career-Bound, Genevieve Callahan, page 6 Educational Psychology in Action, Victoria McKibben, page 7 Research Introduces New Meat, Norma Dale, page 8 Spotlight on a SPAR, page 9 What’s New in Home Economics, page 10 Forecast Clothing Prospects, Dorothy Watt, page 12 The Most From The Least, page 13 Investigate Home Canning, Frances Kerekes, page 14 Wartime Tips for Wise Shoe Care, Janet Russell, page 16 Clothing Survey, Doris Ann Gregg, page 17 Across Alumnae Desks, Virginia Carter, page 18 Alums in the News, Rachel Lusher, page 2

Disparities in registration and use of an online patient portal among older adults: findings from the LitCog cohort

(C) The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved.Financial disclosure: This project was supported by the National Institute on Aging (R01 AG030611), the National Center for Research Resources (5UL1RR025741), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grant 8UL1TR000150). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Smith is currently supported by a Cancer Research UK Fellowship

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.3

Keeping Up With Today, Margaret Ralston, page 2 Note to Freshmen, A Senior, page 3 Trained for Action, Lois Stewart, page 4 Your College Primer, Marjorie Beneke, page 5 No Stamps Required, Margaret Honz, page 6 Engineering Cadettes Reporting, Doris Ann Gregg, page 7 Rooms with Personality, Margaret Ralston, page 8 Surveying Plastics, Janet Russell, page 9 Vicky’s Wardrobe, Patricia Hayes, page 10 What’s New in Home Economics, Lily Houseman, page 12 It’s Mail Time, Beth Rocke, page 15 YWCA On Review, Frances Kerekes, page 16 Ranked As Leaders, Victoria McKibben, page 17 Overseas Duty Assignment, Marian Loofe, page 18 Across Alumnae Desks, Virginia Carter, 20 Alums in the News, Rachel Ann Lusher, page 2

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.1

For Wartime Beauty, Virginia Bates, page 4 Keeping Up With Today, Margaret Ralston, page 5 Women in Service Dress for Duty, Norma Dale, page 6 New Navy Kitchen Serves, Helen Hudson, page 7 Women as Food Inspectors, Dorothy Watt, page 8 Pioneering Textile Fibers, Ruth Herzig, page 9 Egg-Drying Increases Production, Helen James, page 10 Letter from a WAAC, Marjorie P. Hinkle, page 11 What’s New in Home Economics, Lily Houseman, page 12 Vicky Heralds Spring, Pat Hayes, page 14 Women Choose Engineering Careers, Frances Madigan, page 15 Campus Notions Dept., Joan Miller, page 16 For Today’s Bride, Grace Brown, page 18 Herbs Inspire Variety, Margaret Ralston, page 20 Across Alumnae Desks, Virginia Carter, page 22 Alums in the News, Rachel Ann Lusher, page 2

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.5

Moire, Keith Shillington, page 2 Keeping Up With Today, Margaret Ralston, page 3 Christmas Suggestions, Pfc. Schwanz, AS Greenburg, page 4 Navy Menus on Review, Eileen Cooper, page 6 Creating the Holiday Spirit, Joan Miller, page 7 For Christmas I’d Like, Betty Aldrich, page 8 For Use – Peanut Substitutes, Norma Dale, page 10 Wartime Cards Marked by Individuality, Julie Johnston, page 11 What’s New in Home Economics, Lily Houseman, page 12 Iowa Staters Go Caroling, Frances Kerekes, page 16 For the Christmas Stocking¸ Lois Stewart, page 17 European Rationing, Catherine Tidemanson, page 18 Supervise Army Hospital Diets, Virginia Brainard, page 19 Originality Expressed in Festive Wrappings, Doris Gregg, page 20 Across Alumnae Desks, Virginia Carter, page 22 Alums in the News, Rachel Ann Lusher, page 2