Describing functioning and health after spinal cord injury in the light of psychological-personal factors

Objective: To describe and explore functioning and health of persons with spinal cord injury from the perspective of psychological-personal factors in the light of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. Methods: Data from 511 participants regarding feelings, thoughts and beliefs, motives, and patterns of experience and behaviour were analysed. Measurement instruments included the Mental Health Index-5, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Appraisal of Life Events Scale, 5 items from the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, Purpose in Life Test-Short Form, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Big Five Inventory-21, Social Skills Inventory-SF, Brief COPE. The distribution of the selected psychological-personal factors-indicators was examined using descriptive statistics. Differences between SCI subgroups by sex, age, age at injury, time since injury, aetiology and severity of injury were explored using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and F-tests. Results: Participants who were older and sustained their spinal cord injury more recently experienced more depressed mood, less positive affect, less challenge appraisal, lower life satisfaction, lower purpose in life, and lower self-efficacy. They reported lower social skills, less usage of the coping strategies humour, positive reframing, and acceptance, and more usage of the coping strategies denial and self-distraction. Overall, effect sizes were small. Discussion: Although study participants appeared to be well adjusted to spinal cord injury, those who sustained their injury at an older age and more recently reported more negative experiences. Quantitative description and exploration of the psychological-personal aspects of health will enable hypotheses to be formulated for further research, and suggest a need for tailored interventions for those at risk of less favourable outcomes

Bildung: Motor für Wachstum und gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt in einer globalisierten Welt

Der Festvortrag von Thomas Rachel, die Statements von Roland Berger, Peter Müller und Ludger Wößmann sowie die ifo Konjunkturprognose sind hier veröffentlicht

Signatures of a gearwheel quantum spin liquid in a spin-12\frac{1}{2} pyrochlore molybdate Heisenberg antiferromagnet

We theoretically investigate the low-temperature phase of the recently synthesized Lu$_2$Mo$_2$O$_5$N$_2$ material, an extraordinarily rare realization of a $S=1/2$ three-dimensional pyrochlore Heisenberg antiferromagnet in which Mo$^{5+}$ are the $S=1/2$ magnetic species. Despite a Curie-Weiss temperature ($\Theta_{\rm CW}$) of $-121(1)$ K, experiments have found no signature of magnetic ordering $or$ spin freezing down to $T^*\approx0.5$ K. Using density functional theory, we find that the compound is well described by a Heisenberg model with exchange parameters up to third nearest neighbors. The analysis of this model via the pseudofermion functional renormalization group method reveals paramagnetic behavior down to a temperature of at least $T=|\Theta_{\rm CW}|/100$, in agreement with the experimental findings hinting at a possible three-dimensional quantum spin liquid. The spin susceptibility profile in reciprocal space shows momentum-dependent features forming a "gearwheel" pattern, characterizing what may be viewed as a molten version of a chiral noncoplanar incommensurate spiral order under the action of quantum fluctuations. Our calculated reciprocal space susceptibility maps provide benchmarks for future neutron scattering experiments on single crystals of Lu$_2$Mo$_2$O$_5$N$_2$.Comment: Published version. Main paper (6 pages, 3 figures) + Supplemental Material (4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Bildung: Motor für Wachstum und gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt in einer globalisierten Welt

Der Festvortrag von Thomas Rachel, die Statements von Roland Berger, Peter Müller und Ludger Wößmann sowie die ifo Konjunkturprognose sind hier veröffentlicht.Bildung; Wirtschaftswachstum; Globalisierung; Gesellschaftstheorie; Welt

Impact of spatial aliasing on sea-ice thickness measurements

We explore spatial aliasing of non-Gaussian distributions of sea-ice thickness. Using a heuristic model and \u3e1000 measurements, we show how different instrument footprint sizes and shapes can cluster thickness distributions into artificial modes, thereby distorting frequency distribution, making it difficult to compare and communicate information across spatial scales. This problem has not been dealt with systematically in sea ice until now, largely because it appears to incur no significant change in integrated thickness which often serves as a volume proxy. Concomitantly, demands are increasing for thickness distribution as a resource for modeling, monitoring and forecasting air–sea fluxes and growing human infrastructure needs in a changing polar environment. New demands include the characterization of uncertainties both regionally and seasonally for spaceborne, airborne, in situ and underwater measurements. To serve these growing needs, we quantify the impact of spatial aliasing by computing resolution error (Er) over a range of horizontal scales (x) from 5 to 500 m. Results are summarized through a power law (Er = bxm) with distinct exponents (m) from 0.3 to 0.5 using example mathematical functions including Gaussian, inverse linear and running mean filters. Recommendations and visualizations are provided to encourage discussion, new data acquisitions, analysis methods and metadata formats

Impact of spatial aliasing on sea-ice thickness measurements

We explore spatial aliasing of non-Gaussian distributions of sea-ice thickness. Using a heuristic model and \u3e1000 measurements, we show how different instrument footprint sizes and shapes can cluster thickness distributions into artificial modes, thereby distorting frequency distribution, making it difficult to compare and communicate information across spatial scales. This problem has not been dealt with systematically in sea ice until now, largely because it appears to incur no significant change in integrated thickness which often serves as a volume proxy. Concomitantly, demands are increasing for thickness distribution as a resource for modeling, monitoring and forecasting air–sea fluxes and growing human infrastructure needs in a changing polar environment. New demands include the characterization of uncertainties both regionally and seasonally for spaceborne, airborne, in situ and underwater measurements. To serve these growing needs, we quantify the impact of spatial aliasing by computing resolution error (Er) over a range of horizontal scales (x) from 5 to 500 m. Results are summarized through a power law (Er = bxm) with distinct exponents (m) from 0.3 to 0.5 using example mathematical functions including Gaussian, inverse linear and running mean filters. Recommendations and visualizations are provided to encourage discussion, new data acquisitions, analysis methods and metadata formats

Detecting species-site dependencies in large multiple sequence alignments

Multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) are one of the most important sources of information in sequence analysis. Many methods have been proposed to detect, extract and visualize their most significant properties. To the same extent that site-specific methods like sequence logos successfully visualize site conservations and sequence-based methods like clustering approaches detect relationships between sequences, both types of methods fail at revealing informational elements of MSAs at the level of sequence–site interactions, i.e. finding clusters of sequences and sites responsible for their clustering, which together account for a high fraction of the overall information of the MSA. To fill this gap, we present here a method that combines the Fisher score-based embedding of sequences from a profile hidden Markov model (pHMM) with correspondence analysis. This method is capable of detecting and visualizing group-specific or conflicting signals in an MSA and allows for a detailed explorative investigation of alignments of any size tractable by pHMMs. Applications of our methods are exemplified on an alignment of the Neisseria surface antigen LP2086, where it is used to detect sites of recombinatory horizontal gene transfer and on the vitamin K epoxide reductase family to distinguish between evolutionary and functional signals

A mulher com câncer de mama: apoio social e espirituralidade

The breast cancer, for its hight occurrence and mortality, is among the illnesses that cases more provoke fear and concerns in women. The Social Support through family, friends, coworkers, health professional and religious community has proved to be an important factor in the aid of the diseased. The goal of this article is to put to the reader the importance of Social Support in the experience and attendance of patients with breast cancer emphasizing the spiritual aspect. It was found many studies that confirms the correlation between Social Support, Spiritual Well-Being and the promotion of the physical and mental health.El cáncer de mama, por su elevada incidencia y mortalidad, está entre las enfermedades que más provocan miedo y preocupaciones en las mujeres. El apoyo social, a través de las relaciones familiares, de amistades de trabajo y a nivel comunitario (profesionales de la salud y religiosidad), han demostrado ser factores importantes en el auxilio de portadores de estas enfermedades. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo contextualizar al lector sobre la importancia del apoyo social, destacando el aspecto de la espiritualidad, en la vivencia y en la atención de la paciente con cáncer de mama. Fueron encontrados diversos estudios que sustentan la correlación entre apoyo social, bienestar espiritual y la promoción de la salud física y mental.Le cancer de sein, par son incidence élevée et mortalité, est entre les maladies qui le plus provoquent la peur et des préoccupations chez les femmes. L'Aide Sociale, à travers les relations familiales, d'amitiés, de travail et communautaire – professionnel de la santé et de la religiosité, a démontré être un facteur important dans l’aide aux maladies. Cet article a eu comme objectif de contextualiser le lecteur sur l'importance de l'Aide Sociale, en détachant l'aspect de la spiritualité, dans l'expérience et participation de la patiente avec un cancer de sein. On a trouvé diverses études qui soutiennent la corrélation entre Aide Sociale, Bien-être, Chant religieux et la promotion de la santé physique et mentale.O câncer de mama, por sua elevada incidência e mortalidade, está entre as doenças que mais provocam medo e preocupações nas mulheres. O Apoio Social, através das relações familiares, de amizades, de trabalho e comunitárias – profissionais da saúde e religiosidade, tem demonstrado ser fator importante no auxílio de portadores de enfermidades. Este artigo teve por objetivo contextualizar o leitor sobre a importância do Apoio Social, destacando o aspecto da espiritualidade, na vivência e no atendimento da paciente com câncer de mama. Foram encontrados diversos estudos que sustentam a correlação entre Apoio Social, Bem-Estar Espiritual e a promoção da saúde física e mental