Relations between specific and global domains of self-concept. A substantive methodological synergy

<p>Abstract copyright data collection owner.</p>Self-concept refers to how people feel about themselves. In self-concept research there is ongoing debate about the relative importance of self-concept in specific areas (eg, physical, social, academic) and global self-concept (or self-esteem), and how they are related. Substantively, we ask how the effects of specific components of self (eg, physical, social, academic) effect global self-esteem depend on two framing factors. 1. Actual-Ideal Discrepancy. If ideal standards are too high, even good accomplishments can result in low self-esteem. 2. Importance. The more important is a specific component of self-concept, the more impact it has on self-esteem. Despite the intuitive appeal of these two theoretical predictions and much research, there is little support for either. We propose to address this gap between theory and research with new latent-variable models based on multiple indicators (items) that control for measurement error; a methodological-substantive synergy. Study 1 focuses on actual-ideal discrepancy in relation to physical components of self-concept (appearance, physical ability, physical self-concept) and global self-esteem. Study 2 focuses on actual-ideal discrepancy and importance of self components in relation to various specific (math and verbal, appearance and physical ability self-concepts), domain (academic, physical, spiritual self-concepts) and global (self-esteem) levels of self-concept

Le film de recherche comme modalité de production d’un discours scientifique en anthropologie de la santé

As part of a socio-anthropological study on the use of pharmaceutical drugs among polymedicated elderly patients in Switzerland, an anthropologist and a filmmaker are making a research film. The main issue raised is the question of the scientific status that can be attributed to research films. This process initiates a reflexive thought process around the various epistemological, technical and deontological challenges encountered. It also questions the contribution that the production of a research film can bring to the anthropological field. The introduction of audiovisual data adds density and textures that cannot appear in a text and gives the actors of the study an opportunity to develop a new storytelling process that highlights their expertise. This is of particular interest in the context of anthropological analysis, which is shaped, during fieldwork, by mobilizing the ethnographic intuition and imagination of the researcher and opens up an exchange between peers

A rapid qualitative assessment of oral cholera vaccine anticipated acceptability in a context of resistance towards cholera intervention in Nampula, Mozambique

Introduction : While planning an immunization campaign in settings where public health interventions are subject to politically motivated resistance, designing context-based social mobilization strategies is critical to ensure community acceptability. In preparation for an Oral Cholera Vaccine campaign implemented in Nampula, Mozambique, in November 2016, we assessed potential barriers and levers for vaccine acceptability. Methods : Questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions, as well as observations, were conducted before the campaign. The participants included central and district level government informants (national immunization program, logistics officers, public health directors, and others), community leaders and representatives, and community members. Results : During previous well chlorination interventions, some government representatives and health agents were attacked, because they were believed to be responsible for spreading cholera instead of purifying the wells. Politically motivated resistance to cholera interventions resurfaced when an OCV campaign was considered. Respondents also reported vaccine hesitancy related to experiences of problems during school-based vaccine introduction, rumors related to vaccine safety, and negative experiences following routine childhood immunization. Despite major suspicions associated with the OCV campaign, respondents’ perceived vulnerability to cholera and its perceived severity seem to override potential anticipated OCV vaccine hesitancy. Discussion : Potential hesitancy towards the OCV campaign is grounded in global insecurity, social disequilibrium, and perceived institutional negligence, which reinforces a representation of estrangement from the central government, triggering suspicions on its intentions in implementing the OCV campaign. Recommendations include a strong involvement of community leaders, which is important for successful social mobilization; representatives of different political parties should be equally involved in social mobilization efforts, before and during campaigns; and public health officials should promote other planned interventions to mitigate the lack of trust associated with perceived institutional negligence. Successful past initiatives include public intake of purified water or newly introduced medication by social mobilizers, teachers or credible leaders

Innovative vaccine delivery strategies in response to a cholera outbreak in the challenging context of Lake Chilwa ::a rapid qualitative assessment

A reactive campaign using two doses of Shanchol Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) was implemented in 2016 in the Lake Chilwa Region (Malawi) targeting fish dependent communities. Three strategies for the second vaccine dose delivery (including delivery by a community leader and self-administration) were used to facilitate vaccine access. This assessment collected vaccine perceptions and opinions about the OCV campaign of 313 study participants, including: fishermen, fish traders, farmers, community leaders, and one health and one NGO officer. Socio-demographic surveys were conducted, In Depth Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were conducted before and during the campaign. Some fishermen perceived the traditional delivery strategy as reliable but less practical. Delivery by traditional leaders was acceptable for some participants while others worried about traditional leaders not being trained to deliver vaccines or beneficiaries taking doses on their own. A slight majority of beneficiaries considered the self-administration strategy practical while some beneficiaries worried about storing vials outside of the cold chain or losing vials. During the campaign, a majority of participants preferred receiving oral vaccines instead of injections given ease of intake and lack of pain. OCV was perceived as efficacious and safe. However, a lack of information on how sero-protection may be delayed and the degree of sero-protection led to loss of trust in vaccine potency among some participants who witnessed cholera cases among vaccinated individuals. OCV campaign implementation requires accompanying communication on protective levels, less than 100% vaccine efficacy, delays in onset of sero-protection, and out of cold chain storage

10 ans d'A&S

Anthropologie & Santé a 10 ans. C'est pour nous l'occasion de rappeler l'histoire et les valeurs de la revue, d’expliciter son fonctionnement et son modèle économique. Nous avons également voulu donner à ce numéro de transition une dimension récréative, affranchie de la rigueur et des codes académiques des revues scientifiques auxquels nous sommes attachées. Ce numéro accueille donc d’autres formes d’écriture de l’anthropologie ou des textes qui abordent des fragments d’expérience de la recherche plus rarement décrits ou analysés dans les articles scientifiques. Leur facture laisse plus de place à la métaphore, à la poésie, à l’humour et à la narration – sans toutefois se départir de la précision des concepts. Anthropologie & Santé is 10 years old. This anniversary is an opportunity for us to recall the journal's history and values, to explain its functioning and its economic model. We also wanted to give this transitional issue a recreational dimension, freed from the rigor and academic codes of the scientific journals to which we are attached. This issue therefore welcomes other forms of writing in anthropology, or texts dealing with fragments of research experience that are more rarely described or analysed in scientific papers. Their writing forms leave room for metaphor, poetry, humour and narratives