‘Design against crime’: awareness in design education

Whilst various social issues, such as ecological concerns, ageing and disability have received increasing attention within the design curriculum over recent years, crime and crime reduction issues have yet to be addressed to a similar extent. Informed design can be used effectively as a tool for reducing crime associated with environments, products and services through designing in crime reduction measures during the initial stages of the design process. This paper reports on research carried out as part of the Government's Crime Reduction Programme, looking at the topic of design against crime, assessing current awareness of crime amongst professional and student designers, and identifying methods to bring crime reduction more prominently into the design forum. The current awareness and inclusion of crime reduction in design education was explored by means of a questionnaire circulated to design course leaders, with follow-up in-depth interviews with key respondents. From the research gathered, ideas and recommendations are presented as to how crime reduction can be introduced as an integral part of design education

The InterLACE study: design, data harmonization and characteristics across 20 studies on women's health

The International Collaboration for a Life Course Approach to Reproductive Health and Chronic Disease Events (InterLACE) project is a global research collaboration that aims to advance understanding of women's reproductive health in relation to chronic disease risk by pooling individual participant data from several cohort and cross-sectional studies. The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics of contributing studies and to present the distribution of demographic and reproductive factors and chronic disease outcomes in InterLACE

Prevalence of reported difficulty with 16 physical capability tasks at age 60–64 among men in the MRC NSHD (N = 1001).

<p>For further details of tasks assessed see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155815#pone.0155815.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

Is the Hierarchy of Loss in Functional Ability Evident in Midlife? Findings from a British Birth Cohort - Fig 3

<p>Prevalence of reported difficulty gripping, walking 400m and climbing stairs at ages 43, 53 and 60–64 ((A) Men (N = 957) (B) Women (N = 1089)).</p

Is the Hierarchy of Loss in Functional Ability Evident in Midlife? Findings from a British Birth Cohort

<div><p>Background</p><p>Difficulties performing a range of physical tasks of daily living have been shown to develop in older populations in a typically observed sequence, known as the hierarchy of loss. Nearly all previous research has been undertaken using populations aged over 75. This study aimed to use cross-sectional and longitudinal data to test for evidence of the hierarchy of loss from midlife onwards.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The prevalence of reported difficulty undertaking 16 physical tasks in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development at age 60–64 were calculated, with Mokken scaling used to confirm the hierarchical order. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios of reporting difficulty performing tasks at the bottom of the hierarchy (i.e. feeding, washing and/or toileting) at age 60–64 by reported difficulty at the top of the hierarchy (i.e. gripping, walking and/or stair climbing) at age 43.</p><p>Results</p><p>At age 60–64, tasks associated with balance, strength and co-ordination, such as climbing stairs, were the first tasks participants reported difficulty with and tasks associated with upper limb mobility, such as feeding yourself, were the last. In a fully-adjusted model, participants who reported difficulty at the top of the hierarchy at age 43 were 2.85 (95% CI: 1.45–5.60) times more likely to report difficulty with tasks at the bottom of the hierarchy at age 60–64.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>This study presents evidence of the hierarchy of loss in a younger population than previously observed suggesting that targeted interventions to prevent functional decline should not be delayed until old age.</p></div

Self-reported difficulty with physical capability tasks assessed in the MRC NSHD at ages 43, 53 and 60–64 years.

<p>Self-reported difficulty with physical capability tasks assessed in the MRC NSHD at ages 43, 53 and 60–64 years.</p

Characteristics of participants from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (based on sample included in logistic regression analyses, maximum N = 2106).

<p>Characteristics of participants from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (based on sample included in logistic regression analyses, maximum N = 2106).</p

Odds ratios of progressing through the hierarchy of loss between ages 43 and 60–64 years in the MRC NSHD.

<p>Odds ratios of progressing through the hierarchy of loss between ages 43 and 60–64 years in the MRC NSHD.</p

Proceedings of the 19th DMI: Academic Design Management Conference: Design Management in an Era of Disruption

Editorial: Design Management in an Era of Disruption Jeanne LIEDTKA, Alison RIEPLE, Rachel COOPER and Erik BOHEMIA We are delighted to present the Proceedings of the 19th DMI International Design Management Research Conference held in London, United Kingdom. The theme of the conference was Design Management in an Era of Disruption. The management of design has arguably never played such an important role as it does today, as changes to the business and social environment call design to the forefront. The quantity of practitioner writing on the topic of has grown voluminously over the past five years, both in terms of popular management books explicitly focusing on the subject and in articles of note appearing in major publications such as The Economist, Harvard Business Review, Business Week, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Times. Yet the attention accorded to the topic within top-tier academic publications has been scant and the rigor of the research lacking. It was the explicit intention on the part of the conference organisers to improve the standard of research in the design management field. It is our belief that the quality of the submissions to this conference reflects this goal and signals a move towards a higher level of academic rigor. The conference received 507 submissions in total, 474 in the form of paper abstracts and 33 in the form of workshop submissions. After the first round of reviews 15 workshop submissions (50%) were accepted and authors of 286 abstracts were selected to submit the full paper (60%). After the double blind review process 152 papers were accepted (53% of the 286 received papers), 6 (2%) were placed on reserve list and 129 (45%) submissions were rejected. The abstracts were reviewed by the programme conference committee (50 members) and the full paper submissions (286) were reviewed by 151 members of the scientific review committee. The conference was organized around 6 meta themes, divided into 19 tracks: The first theme examined design in the creation of meaning, looking first at designers as cultural intermediaries, and their role in constructing cultures and engaging users in an increasingly interconnected world. Theme 1 also explored contemporary brand design and the strategies, practices and processes by which contemporary brand experiences are created and managed by companies in different product fields, from consumer goods to luxury artefacts. Finally, it looked at design management through the lens of artistic interventions, examining the role of creative and artistic interventions as a strategic tool in complex, chaotic and interactional global environments. The 2nd theme considered design management as an agent of transformation. It first examined user-centred design as a disruptive business enabler for accomplishing sustainable consumption, along with the benefits of adopting a UCD approach to reduce over-consumption of resources and to encourage more sustainable actions. Next it explored collaboration in product development and the challenges new types of collaboration in innovation bring to cross-functional and cross-disciplinary relationships involving designers. How to manage consumer involvement in product development, given developments in both hardware and software that have facilitated greater opportunities for consumers to increase their involvement in product design and manufacturing that has accelerate movement along the continuum between totally consumer-designed products and totally professionally designed products, was also examined. Finally, theme 2 included papers on the topic of enterprise eco system design, exploring how design offers potential help to companies interested in better managing relationships through improved information systems. Contextualised designing was the focus of the 3rd theme. First, the presence of co-created value in service design, as it has become crucial for business enterprises or communities, and the attendant deep understanding of the different roles and expectations of the various stakeholders that this involves. Design in the creative and cultural industries (CCIs) in an era of disruption was another focus in theme 3, examining the role of design in cultural products that generate experiences and meanings. Finally, social and sustainable design management issues and the differences and commonalities in the management of social and sustainable design approaches, along with the challenges that social and sustainable design practices pose at different levels of intervention - whether they be strategic, tacit or operational - were examined. Theme 4 looked to the future of design management. Included here were new modes of design management occasioned by the disintermediation of organisational hierarchies and the disruption to organisational value and supply chains resulting as design management has shifted from coordination to integration. Questions about the future of the DM discipline, and even whether 'management' was the appropriate word, and whether a need existed to adapt in the face of the changing nature of design and management theories were raised. Finally, the role of designers in the shift towards product service systems was examined as designers and companies are challenged to find new ways of serving their customers. Design thinking, and its leadership and impact, in all of its forms, were the focus of theme 5. The extent to which design can contribute to public policy and the renewal of public services, along with an examination of the ways in which public leaders can acquire the skills of design to reshape and refashion the public policies and services that they are responsible for, was a key focus of this theme. Issues of measurement, how to assess the outcomes produced by a design thinking approach, along with the methodological challenges of identifying and calibrating these, was also included. Finally, the role of design thinking in relation to disruptive business model innovation, occasioned by the emergence of e-business organizations as a new locus for innovation, was explored. The important topic of educating design managers for strategic roles in this new era was the focus of theme 6. It has been our pleasure as editors of this Proceedings and co-chairs of the conference, to assemble this varied and thoughtful collection of papers and workshops. We hope that you find them as interesting and insightful as we do

Introduction to the special issue

We are delighted to present selected papers from the 19th DMI International Design Management Research Conference held in London, United Kingdom, in Sepptember 2014. The papers that have been selected for this Special Issue are the ones that the peer reviewers deemed to be the top papers submitted to the conference. They all offer insights into the management of design in an era where design is needing to change to respond to the needs of organizations and industries and in its own right is changing—disrupting—the world around it. The theme of the conference was Design Management in an Era of Disruption