The ABE/GED Classroom: The Crucial First Night

It is a commonplace to observe that adult students who have made the decision--however waveringly--to return to the classroom to learn basic literacy skills or pursue the GED do so with a network of fears, frustrations, anxieties, expectations, and motivations that can both enhance and frustrate the educational process. The teacher, aware of this complex intermingling of frequently conflicting motives and feelings, should attempt to build on those motives which might enhance success, and mitigate those fears which tend to retard or even destroy it. This is especially true on the crucial first night

Alien Registration- Vertefeuille, Rachal (Saco, York County)

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Determination of Bent-Cap and Stringer Deflections for Timber Railway Bridges Under Live Load

Many aging timber railroad bridges are currently in use throughout the United States, and these bridges are being exposed to increasingly heavy loads from rolling stock and other harsh conditions. This could lead to flexural failure or horizontal shear cracking of the stringers, which could result in a split stringer. The maximum flexural stress in a split stringer is two times larger than that of an unimpaired stringer when exposed to the same load. This thesis outlines the instrumentation and analysis of a small-scale timber bridge model and two large-scale bridges in order to better understand a timber railroad bridge’s response to a live load. String potentiometers were used to measure bent-cap and stringer deflections, and wheel path position sensors were created and installed in order to determine vehicle speed and position as it traversed the bridge. Each test included different experimental parameters, such as different vehicle speeds and vehicle types. During the course of each experiment, the bent-caps experienced very little deflection when under live load. It was also determined that vehicle speed did not significantly affect bent-cap deflection, total stringer mid-span deflection, or net stringer mid-span deflection. In the past, it has been assumed that stringers comprising a chord acted as one member. However, the results of this research demonstrated that each stringer in a chord experienced extremely different deflections in response to a vehicle traversing the bridge. This research also demonstrated a significant difference between the magnitude of the maximum total mid-span stringer deflections and the maximum net mid-span stringer deflections. The total mid-span stringer deflections were anywhere from 36% to 80% higher than the net deflections. It was also concluded that the maximum mid-span stringer deflection that occurred as a freight train traversed a bridge were due to the trucks that were on each side of the couplings connecting the rolling stock. In addition, the mid-span deflections of a split stringer were found to be four times larger than that of an unimpaired stringer when exposed to the same live load

Determination of Bent-Cap and Stringer Deflections for Timber Railway Bridges Under Live Load

Many aging timber railroad bridges are currently in use throughout the United States, and these bridges are being exposed to increasingly heavy loads from rolling stock and other harsh conditions. This could lead to flexural failure or horizontal shear cracking of the stringers, which could result in a split stringer. The maximum flexural stress in a split stringer is two times larger than that of an unimpaired stringer when exposed to the same load. This thesis outlines the instrumentation and analysis of a small-scale timber bridge model and two large-scale bridges in order to better understand a timber railroad bridge’s response to a live load. String potentiometers were used to measure bent-cap and stringer deflections, and wheel path position sensors were created and installed in order to determine vehicle speed and position as it traversed the bridge. Each test included different experimental parameters, such as different vehicle speeds and vehicle types. During the course of each experiment, the bent-caps experienced very little deflection when under live load. It was also determined that vehicle speed did not significantly affect bent-cap deflection, total stringer mid-span deflection, or net stringer mid-span deflection. In the past, it has been assumed that stringers comprising a chord acted as one member. However, the results of this research demonstrated that each stringer in a chord experienced extremely different deflections in response to a vehicle traversing the bridge. This research also demonstrated a significant difference between the magnitude of the maximum total mid-span stringer deflections and the maximum net mid-span stringer deflections. The total mid-span stringer deflections were anywhere from 36% to 80% higher than the net deflections. It was also concluded that the maximum mid-span stringer deflection that occurred as a freight train traversed a bridge were due to the trucks that were on each side of the couplings connecting the rolling stock. In addition, the mid-span deflections of a split stringer were found to be four times larger than that of an unimpaired stringer when exposed to the same live load

We Too Are Guardians of Truth

In our current tribalized social and political culture, an even greater premium is placed upon the necessity of educators inculcating a skeptical, truth-seeking habit of mind in their learners. This brief essay offers an exploration of this role both from the perspectives of adult education and liberal education

Nontraditional and Traditional Student Motives to Use Their University Communication Center

Research indicates that nontradifional students differ from traditional ones in many areas of higher education. Recognizing these differences in this growing population of students could impact retention rates for universities. Also, these differences could influence how communication centers deal with nontraditional students in recruiting them for appointments as well as during tutoring sessions. This study explores possible differences in motivations to use communication centers using both traditional and nontraditional students who had used their university\u27s communication center. Students took a survey based on Ajzen\u27s theory of planned behavior to discover if any differences exist and what the differences are. Findings suggest that the nontraditional and traditional students do not differ in their reasons for using their campus communication center. However, results indicate the most important factor that motivates students to use their communication center is how easily they can schedule and keep an appointment. Findings from this research have implications for both communication centers and universities at large to improve services offered to both traditional and nontraditional students

Positive regulation of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation by activation of the DNA damage checkpoint kinase Mec1(ATR)

During meiosis, formation and repair of programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) create genetic exchange between homologous chromosomes-a process that is critical for reductional meiotic chromosome segregation and the production of genetically diverse sexually reproducing populations. Meiotic DSB formation is a complex process, requiring numerous proteins, of which Spo11 is the evolutionarily conserved catalytic subunit. Precisely how Spo11 and its accessory proteins function or are regulated is unclear. Here, we use Saccharomyces cerevisiae to reveal that meiotic DSB formation is modulated by the Mec1(ATR) branch of the DNA damage signalling cascade, promoting DSB formation when Spo11-mediated catalysis is compromised. Activation of the positive feedback pathway correlates with the formation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) recombination intermediates and activation of the downstream kinase, Mek1. We show that the requirement for checkpoint activation can be rescued by prolonging meiotic prophase by deleting the NDT80 transcription factor, and that even transient prophase arrest caused by Ndt80 depletion is sufficient to restore meiotic spore viability in checkpoint mutants. Our observations are unexpected given recent reports that the complementary kinase pathway Tel1(ATM) acts to inhibit DSB formation. We propose that such antagonistic regulation of DSB formation by Mec1 and Tel1 creates a regulatory mechanism, where the absolute frequency of DSBs is maintained at a level optimal for genetic exchange and efficient chromosome segregation

Deconstructing white privilege using a multicultural education approach within a rural, homogenous community

Dissertation supervisor: Dr. Cynthia MacGregor.Includes vita.Multicultural education training for K-12 educators can often be found in urban cities, but unfortunately, school leaders in smaller communities often fail to address hegemonic thinking and attitudes for teachers. This qualitative case study examined one small, rural community to learn what components of Banks' dimensions of multicultural education were evident in the areas of professional development, curriculum, and personnel decisions. Using the concept White privilege to address teachers' perspectives of racism and minority students in their community was at the forefront of this study. While there were overlaps between these areas, only the most salient findings were presented. Teachers often claim they were colorblind towards their students of color, and the researchers argued this line of thinking perpetuates ingrained stereotypes. The study attempts to bridge the gap between theory and practice by recommending three different options ranging from minimal change to second-order change.Includes bibliographical references

White matter alterations and cognitive correlates in the early course of schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: White matter (WM) aberrations have been broadly characterized in schizophrenia using standard diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques. The present study aims to distinguish WM alterations in the early course of schizophrenia using advanced diffusion measures of free-water corrected fractional anisotropy (FAt) and free-water fractional volume (FW), in addition to examining their association with neurocognition, social cognition, and clinical measures. We report baseline results from a longitudinal study investigating the effects of cognitive enhancement therapy (CET) on brain structure and function in schizophrenia. METHODS: The sample consisted of 46 early course schizophrenia patients and 20 healthy controls. Diffusion-weighted images were processed using a free-water imaging pipeline, that separately models diffusion of water in tissue (FAt) and the extracellular space (FW). Tract-Based Spatial Statistics was performed on the FAt and FW diffusion tensor maps and average measures from 24 bilateral regions of interest (ROIs) were extracted. We examined WM structural differences between patients and controls and further investigated WM relations to neurocognition, social cognition, and clinical measures specifically in schizophrenia. RESULTS: Patients showed significant FAt reductions in the body of the corpus callosum, posterior thalamic radiation (PTR), cingulate gyrus, anterior corona radiata, corpus callosum, and corona radiata and FW elevations in the posterior corona radiata (PCR), uncinate fasciculus (UNC), and PTR compared to controls. For patients, positive correlations between FAt and working memory were observed in the PCR and fornix & stria terminalis (FXST). Negative associations between FW and attention/vigilance were observed in the UNC. Positive correlations between FAt and theory of mind (ToM) were observed in average whole-brain and FXST. Negative associations between FW and ToM were observed in average whole-brain and PCR. Positive correlations between FW and negative symptom severity were observed in the external capsule. CONCLUSION: Using free-water imaging, we report WM aberrations and FW elevations in the early course of schizophrenia in addition to neural correlates associated with cognition and clinical measures. Future investigations on the longitudinal effects of CET are warranted for a greater understanding of the underlying neural correlates of clinical manifestations in schizophrenia.2020-06-14T00:00:00