Aquatic macrophyte and macroinvertebrate diversity and conservation in wetlands of the Sinos River basin

Wetlands are important sites for biological conservation because they support rich biodiversity and present high productivity. Species-area relationship is an important tool in conservation planning and it has been extensively used for wetland management. This study had as aims: (1) to analyse macrophyte and macroinvertebrate diversity in the fragmented wetlands of the Sinos River basin; and (2) to investigate whether wetland areas could work as a tool for selecting the important habitats for biodiversity conservation. Throughout the study, 56 species of macrophytes and 57taxa of macroinvertebrates were identified. Macrophyte richness was related to the wetland area, but macroinvertebrate richness, however, was not related to the wetland area. The macrophyte and macroinvertebrate composition were not related to the wetland area. Species composition varied between the regions of the basin and the difference in the species composition occurred mainly by the distribution of macroinvertebrates. With regard to the biodiversity conservation of the Sinos River basin, the wetland area must not be a priority criterion for choosing the important wetlands for conservation. The environmental policies for biodiversity conservation must include management actions focused also on the protection of small wetlands. Moreover, other criteria should be analysed in further research such as habitat diversity, hydroperiod, geographic distribution and connectivity

Validation of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for DSM-5: A Developmentally Informed Assessment Tool for Youth

ObjectiveTo describe the test construction procedure and evaluate the internal consistency, criterion-referenced validity, and diagnostic accuracy of the Child/Adolescent Self-Report Version of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for DSM-5 (RI-5) across 2 independent samples.MethodStudy 1 examined the clarity, developmental appropriateness, acceptability of individual RI-5 items, and internal consistency and criterion-referenced validity of the full test. The study 1 sample included 486 youth recruited from 2 major US cities who completed the RI-5 and a measure of depression. Study 2 evaluated the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of the RI-5 in 41 treatment-seeking youth who completed the RI-5 and a "gold standard" structured diagnostic interview, the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5-Child/Adolescent Version.ResultsRI-5 total scale scores showed excellent internal consistency in the 2 samples. Study 1 provided evidence of criterion-referenced validity, in that total scale scores correlated positively with depressive symptoms. Study 2 provided evidence of diagnostic accuracy (including discriminant-groups validity). RI-5 total scores discriminated youth with from youth without PTSD as benchmarked against the structured diagnostic interview. Further, receiver operating characteristic analyses using a total score of 35 provided excellent diagnostic classification accuracy (area under the curve 0.94).ConclusionThe developmental appropriateness and diagnostic accuracy of the RI-5 support its utility for clinical assessment, case conceptualization, and treatment planning in different child-serving systems, including schools, juvenile justice, child welfare, and mental health

Alimentação de Codornas com Milho Moído e Ração de Postura no Período Pós-jejum Durante a Muda Forçada e Seus Efeitos Sobre o Desempenho Performance of Layer Quail Fed Corn Meal or Layer Diet During a Post Molt Period

O experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de codornas poedeiras alimentadas por diferentes períodos com milho moído ou ração de postura durante sete dias após três dias de jejum, método de muda utilizado. Após esse período, as aves foram alimentadas com ração de postura durante as 20 semanas do período experimental. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com três tratamentos (ração de postura por sete dias, ração de postura por três dias e milho moído por quatro dias e milho moído por sete dias), e quatro repetições de 24 aves por parcela. Os resultados mostraram que aves alimentadas apenas com ração de postura nos sete primeiros dias após o jejum apresentaram maior produção de ovos nas seis primeiras semanas do período de produção pós-muda. Porém, não foi constatado efeito de tratamento sobre a produção de ovos, peso dos ovos, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar durante as 20 semanas do período experimental.<br>The experiment was conducted to evaluate layer quails performance fed in different periods with corn meal or laying diet during a 7-day post-molt period. Following this, birds were fed laying diet during the experimental period of 20 weeks. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with three treatments (laying diet during 7 days; laying diet ration during 3 days + corn meal during 4 days or corn meal during 7 days) and three replications of 24 birds per pen. The results showed that quails fed laying diet during 7 days post-molt presented larger egg production during the first six weeks of production period than the others receiving corn meal. However there was no effect of treatments on egg production, egg weight, feed consumption and feed conversion during the experimental period of 20 weeks