Iandumoema uai, a new genus and species of troglobitic harvestman from Brazil (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

A new genus and species of harvestman, landumoema uai, is described based on material from Gruta Olhos d'Água, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Its troglomorphisms include depigmentation on body, legs and eyes. It is the third troglobitic species of harvestman recorded from Brazilian caves and the second in the family Gonyleptidae

Description of the male of Daguerreia inermis Soares & Soares, with biological notes on population size in the Gruta da Lancinha, Paraná, Brazil (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

The male of Daguerreia inermis Soares & Soares, 1947, a troglophilic harvestman, is described. Distribution records are given for caves of the Speleological Province of Vale do Ribeira and two non carbonatic areas (Telêmaco Borba and Arapoti, Paraná), in southeastern Brazil. The population of the Gruta da Lancinha (Paraná, Brazil) was studied from October 1988 to February 1989. The population size was estimated, by Fisher Ford\u27s method, between 158-610 individuals. The sex ratio observed was 1:1

Umbelliferone Induces Changes In The Structure And Pharmacological Activities Of Bn Iv, A Phospholipase A2 Isoform Isolated From Bothrops Neuwiedi

In this paper was demonstrated that umbelliferone induces changes in structure and pharmacological activities of Bn IV, a lysine 49 secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) from Bothrops neuwiedi. Incubation of Bn IV with umbelliferone virtually abolished platelet aggregation, edema, and myotoxicity induced by native Bn IV. The amino acid sequence of Bn IV showed high sequence similarities with other Lys49 sPLA2s from B. jararacussu (BthTx-I), B. pirajai (PrTx-I), and B. neuwiedi pauloensis (Bn SP6 and Bn SP7). This sPLA2 also has a highly conserved C-terminal amino acid sequence, which has been shown as important for the pharmacological activities of Lys49 sPLA2. Sequencing of Bn IV previously treated with umbelliferone revealed modification of S(1) and S(20). Fluorescent spectral analysis and circular dichroism (CD) studies showed that umbelliferone modified the secondary structure of this protein. Moreover, the pharmacological activity of Bn IV is driven by synergism of the C-terminal region with the α-helix motifs, which are involved in substrate binding of the Asp49 and Lys49 residues of sPLA2 and have a direct effect on the Ca2+-independent membrane damage of some secretory snake venom PLA2. For Bn IV, these interactions are potentially important for triggering the pharmacological activity of this sPLA2. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.576851860Chan, A.C., Pritchard, E.T., Gerrard, J.M., Man, R.Y., Choy, P.C., Biphasic modulation of platelet phospholipase A2 activity and platelet aggregation by mepacrine (quinacrine) (1982) Biochim. Biophys. 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Jararacussu (2008) Int. J. Mol. Sci., 9 (5), pp. 736-750Diz Filho, E.B., Marangoni, S., Toyama, D.O., Fagundes, F.H., Oliveira, S.C., Fonseca, F.V., Calgarotto, A.K., Toyama, M.H., Enzymatic and structural characterization of new PLA2 isoform isolated from white venom of Crotalus durissus ruruima (2009) Toxicon, 53 (1), pp. 104-114Fawzy, A.A., Vishwanath, B.S., Franson, R.C., Inhibition of human non-pancreatic phospholipases A2 by retinoids and flavonoids. 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Effects Of A Lectin-like Protein Isolated From Acacia Farnesiana Seeds On Phytopathogenic Bacterial Strains And Root-knot Nematode

Acacia farnesiana lectin-like protein (AFAL) showed bacterioestatic effects against . Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. . passiflorae (Gram-negative) and . Clavibacter michiganensis michiganensis (Gram-positive), with the latter being more sensitive. This effect is probably due to the ability of AFAL to interact with the bacterial cell wall where we observed that AFAL induced macroscopic change. The maximum bacterial growth inhibition was approximately 78% when incubated with Gram-negative strains, and as high as 92% percent for the Gram-positive one. The antibacterial effect of flavonoids (rutin, quercetin and morin) was also observed using low concentrations against both bacterial strains. Prior incubation of both with AFAL at high concentrations increases the inhibitory effect of flavonoids on bacterial growth. The potential use of AFAL as a control agent against the root-knot nematode . Meloidogyne incognita was investigated as well, showing anti-nematode properties involving both egg hatching and motility. In the juvenile second-stage, AFAL showed reduction in larval mobility when measured against a control group. The results suggest that AFAL is effective against . M. incognita and could be used as a component of integrated pest management programs. 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Cdna Cloning And 1.75 Å Crystal Structure Determination Of Ppl2, An Endochitinase And N-acetylglucosamine-binding Hemagglutinin From Parkia Platycephala Seeds

Parkia platycephala lectin 2 was purified from Parkia platycephala (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) seeds by affinity chromatography and RP-HPLC. Equilibrium sedimentation and MS showed that Parkia platycephala lectin 2 is a nonglycosylated monomeric protein of molecular mass 29 407 ± 15 Da, which contains six cysteine residues engaged in the formation of three intramolecular disulfide bonds. Parkia platycephala lectin 2 agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes, and this activity was specifically inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine. In addition, Parkia platycephala lectin 2 hydrolyzed β(1-4) glycosidic bonds linking 2-acetoamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose units in chitin. The full-length amino acid sequence of Parkia platycephala lectin 2, determined by N-terminal sequencing and cDNA cloning, and its three-dimensional structure, established by X-ray crystallography at 1.75 Å resolution, showed that Parkia platycephala lectin 2 is homologous to endochitinases of the glycosyl hydrolase family 18, which share the (βα)8 barrel topology harboring the catalytic residues Asp125, Glu127, and Tyr182. © 2006 The Authors.2731739623974Van Damme, E.J.M., Peumans, W.J., Barre, A., Rougé, P., Plant lectins: A composite of several distinct families of structurally and evolutionary related proteins with diverse biological roles (1998) Crit Rev Plant Sci, 17, pp. 575-692Gabius, H.-J., Gabius, S., (1997) Glycoscience. 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CO2-response function of radiation use efficiency in rice for climate change scenarios

The objective of this work was to evaluate a generalized response function to the atmospheric CO2 concentration [f(CO2)] by the radiation use efficiency (RUE) in rice. Experimental data on RUE at different CO2 concentrations were collected from rice trials performed in several locations around the world. RUE data were then normalized, so that all RUE at current CO2 concentration were equal to 1. The response function was obtained by fitting normalized RUE versus CO2 concentration to a Morgan-Mercer-Flodin (MMF) function, and by using Marquardt's method to estimate the model coefficients. Goodness of fit was measured by the standard deviation of the estimated coefficients, the coefficient of determination (R²), and the root mean square error (RMSE). The f(CO2) describes a nonlinear sigmoidal response of RUE in rice, in function of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, which has an ecophysiological background, and, therefore, renders a robust function that can be easily coupled to rice simulation models, besides covering the range of CO2 emissions for the next generation of climate scenarios for the 21st century