Hidden Consequence of Active Local Lorentz Invariance

In this paper we investigate a hidden consequence of the hypothesis that Lagrangians and field equations must be invariant under active local Lorentz transformations. We show that this hypothesis implies in an equivalence between spacetime structures with several curvature and torsion possibilities.Comment: Some misprints appearing in the published version have been correcte

Collapsing Perfect Fluid in Higher Dimensional Spherical Spacetimes

The general metric for N-dimensional spherically symmetric and conformally flat spacetimes is given, and all the homogeneous and isotropic solutions for a perfect fluid with the equation of state $p = \alpha \rho$ are found. These solutions are then used to model the gravitational collapse of a compact ball. It is found that when the collapse has continuous self-similarity, the formation of black holes always starts with zero mass, and when the collapse has no such a symmetry, the formation of black holes always starts with a mass gap.Comment: Class. Quantum Grav. 17 (2000) 2589-259

Remote sensing applied to pasture monitoring: a review.

ABSTRACT - Objective: The goal of this study was to review the results obtained by various authors for large-scale pasture monitoring via remote sensing; to monitor the development and degradation conditions of pastures according to case studies; and to analyze data, images, and Geographic Information System (GIS) procedures in relevant works. Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the principles that guided the literature review are presented, including a discussion of the search for remote sensing results related to pastures in large geographical areas, and case studies in works that denote the technological potential from field sampling and results worldwide are also presented. Method: Research methods associated with different themes, keywords, and regions were adopted to identify results from research in the area of remote sensing applied to surveying the conditions of pastures in the different typologies in the studied regions. Results and Discussion: The literature review in this study highlights the advances and methodologies developed for the evaluation of pasture conditions and mapping, from which it was possible to observe the stage of degradation of this vegetation, which is essential for agricultural production. Research Implications: The potential of using remote sensing materials and mechanisms for pasture assessment, mapping areas in stages of degradation and identifying vegetation vigor is highly valuable in large-scale pasture management. The presented literature indicates that pasture vegetation varies greatly according to geographic region, indicating great complexity in deriving its phenological conditions and showing that field campaigns are essential for the description and establishment of a relationship between the foliar canopy and sensor response. Originality/Value: This literature review addresses large-scale remote sensing surveys of pastures, contributing to research on the conditions of this vegetation. The bibliography presented in this review can support studies on mapping the pasture degradation process through remote sensing images and data. RESUMO - Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre os resultados obtidos por diversos autores no monitoramento de pastagens em larga escala utilizando sensoriamento remoto, bem como sobre os avanços no manejo e monitoramento das condições de desenvolvimento e degradação das pastagens com base em estudos de caso, analisando dados, imagens e procedimentos no SIG, utilizados nos trabalhos científicos. Referencial Teórico: Neste tópico, são apresentados princípios que nortearam a pesquisa bibliográfica, marcada pela pesquisa de resultados em sensoriamento remoto de pastagens em grandes extensões geográficas, mas também apresentando estudos de caso em trabalhos que denotam os potenciais tecnológicos a partir de amostragem de campo e resultados ao redor do mundo. Método: Foram adotados métodos de pesquisa por tema, palavras-chave e regiões para que apresentem resultados em pesquisas na área de sensoriamento remoto aplicado ao levantamento das condições das pastagens nas diversas tipologias que ocorrem nestas regiões abordadas pelos estudos. Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados alcançados na reunião dessa base bibliográfica denotaram os avanços e metodologias desenvolvidas para avaliação das condições das pastagens e mapeamento, a partir das quais foi possível observar o estágio de degradação dessa vegetação, fundamental para a produção agropecuária. Implicações da Pesquisa: O potencial de utilização de materiais e mecanismos de sensoriamento remoto para avaliação das pastagens, mapeamento de áreas em estágios de degradação e identificação de vigor da vegetação se mostra de grande valia no manejo das pastagens em grande escala. A literatura apresentada mostra que a vegetação de pastagens denota grande variação de acordo com a região geográfica, indicando grande complexidade para derivação de suas condições fenológicas e mostra que o trabalho de campo é fundamental para a descrição e estabelecimento de relação entre as dossel foliar e resposta dos sensores. Originalidade/Valor: Esta revisão de literatura aborda o levantamento das pastagens por meio de sensoriamento remoto em larga escala, contribuindo para a pesquisa referente às condições dessa vegetação. A bibliografia apresentada nesta revisão visa apoiar os estudos sobre o mapeamento do processo de degradação das pastagens por meio de imagens e dados de sensoriamento remoto

Variabilidade espacial do carbono orgânico total e da biomassa microbiana em uma área degradada em Gilbués-PI.

A dependência espacial dos atributos do solo vem sendo estudada e modelada, com o auxílio da geoestatística, permitindo a sua visualização espacial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, mediante a geoestatística, a variabilidade espacial do carbono orgânico total e carbono da biomassa microbiana em uma área degradada no município de Gilbués-Piauí

Consumers affective and emotional responses to yogurt across different socio-economic status.

The use of hedonic measures is not enough to characterize consumers? affective responses to food products and to discriminate among samples. Thus, understanding emotional responses to products can be useful in the product development process. Individual characteristics, such as socio-economic status SES, are expected to modulate emotional responses to food. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of socio-economic status on consumers? liking and emotional responses to yogurts.SLACA, 12. De 4 a 7 de Novembro de 2017. Ref. 71234

Effect of CATA questions presentation order on sensory characterization of fruit smoothie by children and adolescents.

Sensory product characterization by consumer using check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions is increasing. However, there are still some methodological issues to sort out, and the order of presentation of the terms seems to be one of them, when the study is carried out by children and adolescents. This study aimed at investigating the influence of CATA questions presentation order on the sensory characterization of fruit smoothie by this public. The 20 terms, which were identified in previous studies with children and adolescents, were presented to participants in the fixed alphabetical and balanced orders.SLACA, 12. De 4 a 7 de Novembro de 2017. Ref. 71751

Trapped surfaces, horizons and exact solutions in higher dimensions

A very simple criterion to ascertain if (D-2)-surfaces are trapped in arbitrary D-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds is given. The result is purely geometric, independent of the particular gravitational theory, of any field equations or of any other conditions. Many physical applications arise, a few shown here: a definition of general horizon, which reduces to the standard one in black holes/rings and other known cases; the classification of solutions with a (D-2)-dimensional abelian group of motions and the invariance of the trapping under simple dimensional reductions of the Kaluza-Klein/string/M-theory type. Finally, a stronger result involving closed trapped surfaces is presented. It provides in particular a simple sufficient condition for their absence.Comment: 7 pages, no figures, final version to appear in Class. Quantum Gra

Raleio manual e químico em citros.

bitstream/CPACT-2010/13222/1/documento-280.pd

'Strawberry Festival': nova cultivar de morangueiro recomendada para o Rio Grande do Sul.

bitstream/item/30517/1/boletim-96.pd

Analysis of grassland degradation in Zona da Mata, MG, Brazil, based on NDVI time series data with the integration of phenological metrics.

Abstract: There is currently a lot of interest in determining the state of Brazilian grasslands. Governmental actions and programs have recently been implemented for grassland recovery in Brazilian states, with the aim of improving production systems and socioeconomic indicators. The aim of this study is to evaluate the vegetative growth, temporal vigor, and long-term scenarios for the grasslands in Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, by integrating phenological metrics. We used metrics derived from the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, which were analyzed in a geographic information system (GIS), using multicriteria analysis, the analytical hierarchy process, and a simplified expert system (ESS). These temporal metrics, i.e., the growth index (GI) for 16-day periods during the growing season; the slope; and the maximum, minimum, and mean for the time series, were integrated to investigate the grassland vegetation conditions and degradation level. The temporal vegetative vigor was successfully described using the rescaled range (R/S statistic) and the Hurst exponent, which, together with the metrics estimated for the full time series, imagery, and field observations, indicated areas undergoing degradation or areas that were inadequately managed (approximately 61.5%). Time series analysis revealed that most grasslands showed low or moderate vegetative vigor over time with long-term persistence due to farming practices associated with burning and overgrazing. A small part of the grasslands showed high and sustainable plant densities (approximately 8.5%). A map legend for grassland management guidelines was developed using the proposed method with remote sensing data, which were applied using GIS software and a field campaign