Pharmacokinetics of imidocarb in normal dogs and goats

The pharmacokinetics of imidocarb was studied in seven mongrel dogs and eight crossbred goats. An intravenous bolus dose (4 mg/kg) of 12% imidocarb dipropionate solution was injected into the cephalic vein in dogs and the jugular vein in goats. The plasma concentration of imidocarb was measured by spectrophotometry. The experimental data were analysed using a two-compartment open model. The apparent volume of the central compartment was significantly higher (P<O.O 1) in dogs than in goats. The significantly larger (P<0.05) apparent specific volume of distribution in goats than in dogs may be attributed to passive diffusion followed by ion trapping of the drug in rumen fluid. Neither the half-life nor body clearance differed significantly between dogs (tl/2' 207 ± 45 min; CIB, l.47 ± 0.38 ml/min kg) and goats (tY2' 251 ± 94 min; CtB, 1.62 ± 0.50 ml/min kg). While almost 80% of the dose had been eliminated at 8 h in both species, the high ratio of the imidocarb level in the peripheral-to-central compartment in goats suggests that a prolonged period may be required for complete elimination of the drug

Prevalência de anticorpos anti-Babesia equi em eqüinos no Planalto Catarinense Prevalence of Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau, Brazil

Para avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos anti- Babesia equi, através da técnica de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI), foram examinados 397 amostras de soro. As amostras de sangue, para obtenção dos soros, foram coletadas de eqüinos de diferentes idades, raças, sexos, nascidos e criados no Planalto Catarinense, dos municípios de Lages, São Joaquim, Bom Jardim da Serra, Campos Novos, Anita Garibaldi, Curitibanos e Correia Pinto. Os resultados obtidos indicaram a existência de 50,38% de animais sorologicamente reativos para B. equi, na diluição de 1:40. Entre os municípios, os percentuais de animais soropositivos variaram de 18,51% a 64,70%.<br>Serum samples from 397 horses were examined by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. The blood samples were taken from horses of various ages, breeds and both sexes, bred and born in the Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in the counties of Lages, São Joaquim, Bom Jardim da Serra, Campos Novos, Anita Garibaldi, Curitibanos e Correia Pinto. The results indicated a prevalence of 50.38% of positive animals for B. equi at the 1:40 serum dilution. In different counties studied, the prevalence positive animals varied from 18.51% to 64.70%

Natural infection of calves by Anaplasma marginale in dairy herds of the Metalúrgica Region, Minas Gerais Infecção natural por Anaplasma marginale em bezerras de fazendas leiteiras da região Metalúrgica de Minas Gerais

The dynamic of natural infections by Anaplasma marginale in calves was evaluated during a period of one year on two farms located in the Metalúrgica Region, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Blood samples were collected weekly for rickettsemia and packed cell volume (PCV) determination. The animals born from March to July suffered the infection in October and November, independently of their age, whilst calves born from September to December acquired the infection during the first days of life. These animals presented patent rickettsemia from 30 days of life. During the patent period PCV decreased after one week of infection, ranging from 20 to 23%. It was concluded, that in the region studied, the transmission of A. marginale is influenced by climatic conditions, and that calves born during the dry season are more likely to acquire the infection when they are exposed to high transmission levels during the subsequent raining season.<br>Realizou-se um estudo da dinâmica de infecções naturais por Anaplasma marginale, durante o período de um ano, em duas propriedades localizadas na Região Metalúrgica do Estado de Minas Gerais. Foram realizados esfregaços sangüíneos e determinação do volume globular (VG). Os animais que nasceram no período de março a julho sofreram a infecção em outubro e novembro, independentemente da idade, enquanto os que nasceram no período de setembro a dezembro adquiriram a infecção nos primeiros dias de vida, com parasitemia patente a partir de 30 dias de idade. Durante o período patente, o VG reduziu na primeira semana de infecção, variando entre 20 a 23%. Concluiu-se que a ocorrência da primo-infecção sofre influência das estações do ano e que bezerros nascidos na estação seca apresentam maior risco de infecção, quando expostos às condições de elevada transmissão durante a estação chuvosa subseqüente