50,638 research outputs found
Product differentiation and foreign trade in CGE models of small economies
In recent years, two classes of computable general equilibrium (CGE) trade models have been used to investigate external sector policies: single country and and multicountry trade models. The authors examine the treatment of exports and imports in recent single country CGE models of small economies. They present a simple, one sector analytical model that captures the major features of the multi sector counterpart used in applied models. They show that applying the same assumption about product differentiation to imports as to exports gives rise to a well behaved, price taking economy and normally shaped offer curves. They illustrate the one-sector model with a numerical example which shows the implications of the choice of weights used as a proxy for the domestic price index in computations of real exchange rate indices. The model also shows the role of foreign trade elasticities in the popular Australian model, with traded and nontraded goods. Trade substitution elasticities on the import side play a crucial role in determining the direction of change in real exchange rate during terms of trade perturbations.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Economic Stabilization,Macroeconomic Management
Productivity and externalities : models of export led growth
In developing countries, industrialization for successful export-led growth has been associated with rapid structural change and growth in productivity. Standard neoclassical growth models have difficulty explaining this change in performance. This paper has developed a simple analytical model incorporating export externalities that capture the large increases in the share of trade and total factor productivity that are associated with export-led growth. It also has developed a second model that breaks growth into its various components, which includes the effects of: (a) factor accumulation; (b) moving factors from areas of low productivity to area of high productivity; (c) exporting heavy and light manufactures; and (d) importing capital goods. The paper implements the second model with data from an archetypal semi-industrial country. The model accounts for the higher total factor productivity growth observed in countries pursuing export-led growth strategies. It also captures the pattern of structural change that such countries experience.Banks&Banking Reform,Achieving Shared Growth,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Growth
Voluntary temporary abstinence from alcohol during “Dry January” and subsequent alcohol use
Objective: Temporary abstinence from alcohol may convey physiological benefits and enhance well-being. The aim of this study was to address a lack of information about: (1) correlates of successful completion of a planned period of abstinence, and (2) how success or failure in planned abstinence affects subsequent alcohol consumption. Methods: 857 British adults (249 men, 608 women) participating in the “Dry January” alcohol abstinence challenge completed a baseline questionnaire, a one-month follow-up questionnaire, and a 6-month follow-up questionnaire. Key variables assessed at baseline included measures of alcohol consumption and drink refusal self-efficacy (DRSE). Results: In bivariate analysis, success during Dry January was predicted by measures of more moderate alcohol consumption and greater social DRSE. Multivariate analyses revealed that success during Dry January was best predicted by a lower frequency of drunkenness in the month prior to Dry January. Structural Equation Modelling revealed that participation in Dry January was related to reductions in alcohol consumption and increases in DRSE among all respondents at 6-month follow-up, regardless of success, but these changes were more likely among people who successfully completed the challenge. Conclusions: The findings suggest that participation in abstinence challenges such as “Dry January” may be associated with changes toward healthier drinking and greater DRSE, and is unlikely to result in undesirable “rebound effects”: very few people reported increased alcohol consumption following a period of voluntary abstinence
The Imperial IRAS-FSC Redshift Catalogue (IIFSCz)
We present a new catalogue, the Imperial IRAS-FSC Redshift Catalogue
(IIFSCz), of 60,303 galaxies selected at 60 micron from the IRAS Faint Source
Catalogue (FSC). The IIFSCz consists of accurate position, optical,
near-infrared and/or radio identifications, spectroscopic redshift (if
available) or photometric redshift (if possible), predicted far-infrared (FIR)
and submillimetre (submm) fluxes ranging from 12 to 1380 micron based upon the
best-fit infrared template. About 55% of the galaxies in the IIFSCz have
spectroscopic redshifts and a further 20% have photometric redshifts obtained
through either the training set or the template-fitting method. For S(60)>0.36
Jy, the 90% completeness limit of the FSC, 90% of the sources have either
spectroscopic or photometric redshifts. Scientific applications of the IIFSCz
include validation of current and forthcoming infrared and submm/mm surveys
such as AKARI, Planck and Herschel, follow-up studies of rare source
populations, large-scale structure and galaxy bias, local multiwavelength
luminosity functions and source counts. The catalogue is publicly available
from http://astro.imperial.ac.uk/~mrr/fss/Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Revised on 23/04/09. The catalogue has
been revised to correct the fluxes of extended sources. Accepted for
publication in MNRA
Embedding of global attractors and their dynamics
Using shape theory and the concept of cellularity, we show that if is the
global attractor associated with a dissipative partial differential equation in
a real Hilbert space and the set has finite Assouad dimension ,
then there is an ordinary differential equation in , with , that has unique solutions and reproduces the dynamics on . Moreover,
the dynamical system generated by this new ordinary differential equation has a
global attractor arbitrarily close to , where is a homeomorphism
from into
New Relations for Coefficients of Fractional Parentage--the Redmond Recursion Formula with Seniority
We find a relationship between coefficients of fractional parentage (cfp)
obtained on the one hand from the principal parent method and on the other hand
from a seniority classification. We apply this to the Redmond recursion formula
which relates cfp's to cfp's where the principal parent
classification is used. We transform this to the seniority scheme. Our formula
differs from the Redmond formula inasmuch as we have a sum over the possible
seniorities for the cfp's, whereas Redmond has only one term.Comment: RevTex4, 17 pages; added Appendix A, with proof for the new relation;
corrected Eqs.(26),(38), and (39
Small linearly equivalent -sets and a construction of Beaulieu
Two -sets ( a finite group) are called linearly equivalent over a
commutative ring if the permutation representations and are
isomorphic as modules over the group algebra . Pairs of linearly equivalent
non-isomorphic -sets have applications in number theory and geometry. We
characterize the groups for which such pairs exist for any field, and give
a simple construction of these pairs. If is \Q, these are precisely the
non-cyclic groups. For any non-cyclic group, we prove that there exist -sets
which are non-isomorphic and \lineq over \Q, of cardinality \leq 3(#G)/2.
Also, we investigate a construction of P. Beaulieu which allows us to
construct pairs of transitive linearly equivalent -sets from arbitrary
-sets for an arbitrary group . We show that this construction works over
all fields and use it construct, for each finite set \mc P of primes,
-sets linearly equivalent over a field if and only if the
characteristic of lies in \mc P.Comment: v2: fixed proof of Lemma 2.
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