10 research outputs found
Epidemiological overview of HIV/AIDS in pregnant women from a state of northeastern Brazil
Zika virus challenges for neuropsychiatry
Ana Cristina Simões e Silva,1,2 Janaina Matos Moreira,1,2 Roberta Maia Castro Romanelli,2 Antonio Lucio Teixeira1,3 1Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, 2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Before 2007, Zika virus (ZIKV) was generally considered as an arbovirus of low clinical relevance, causing a mild self-limiting febrile illness in tropical Africa and Southeast Asia. Currently, a large, ongoing outbreak of ZIKV that started in Brazil in 2015 is spreading across the Americas. Virus infection during pregnancy has been potentially linked to congenital malformations, including microcephaly. In addition to congenital malformations, a temporal association between ZIKV infection and an increase in cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome is currently being observed in several countries. The mechanisms underlying these neurological complications are still unknown. Emerging evidence, mainly from in vitro studies, suggests that ZIKV may have direct effects on neuronal cells. The aim of this study was to critically review the literature available regarding the neurobiology of ZIKV and its potential neuropsychiatric manifestations. Keywords: Zika virus, microcephaly, Guillain–Barré syndrome, neurodevelopmental disorder
Outcomes of children with advanced HIV initiated on antiretroviral therapy in a South African hospice
MRSA outbreak at a transplantation unit
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections frequently complicate the post-operative course of transplant recipients, and despite nasal carriage and endemic colonization, MRSA outbreaks are not commonly described. This study reports a case of MRSA outbreak and discusses infection control measures and recommendations for this situation
InfecçÔes relacionadas Ă assistĂȘncia em saĂșde e gravidade clĂnica em uma unidade de terapia intensiva
Objetivou-se verificar a possĂvel associação entre a severidade clĂnica e a ocorrĂȘncia de infecçÔes relacionadas Ă assistĂȘncia em saĂșde. Conduziu-se uma coorte prospectiva em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospitaluniversitĂĄrio, de agosto de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010. Utilizou-se o Average Severity Index Score para avaliar a severidadeclĂnica. Os dados foram coletados por vigilĂąncia ativa e processados no SPSS. Realizou-se anĂĄlise univariada econsiderou-se significĂąncia estatĂstica de p<0,05, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. O Ăndice de severidade esteverelacionado Ă ocorrĂȘncia de infecçÔes, assim como tempo de permanĂȘncia na unidade de terapia intensiva, tipo depaciente, uso de procedimento invasivo, antimicrobiano, colonização e desfecho do paciente (p<0,05). A presençade infecçÔes foi um fator preditivo para a ocorrĂȘncia de Ăłbitos (p=0,000). Tais achados reforçam a ideia de que aocorrĂȘncia de infecção constitui uma complexa cadeia, multifatorial, com destaque para a severidade clĂnica do paciente