26 research outputs found
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Sozialstaatliche KĂŒrzungspolitik in Deutschland: Nur eine MĂ€r? Eine quantitative Gesetzgebungsanalyse 1974â2014
Quantitative analyses on welfare state dynamics have to cope with the âdependent variable problemâ, as studies on social spending reach different conclusions than analyses of replacement rate data. This article suggests a way around this problem by presenting results from a fine-grained analysis of welfare state legislation in Germany between 1974 and 2014.
We show that the German welfare state has seen both cuts and expansions occur in all decades. Moreover, we show by means of a regression analysis that partisan politics play a role. Supporting the âNixon-in-Chinaâ-thesis, social democratic governments are associated with a higher probability of cutbacks â especially in times of budgetary pressure â whereas expansions are more likely under Christian democratic governments
Description of atmospheric conditions at the Pierre auger observatory using the global data assimilation system (GDAS)
Atmospheric conditions at the site of a cosmic ray observatory must be known for reconstructing observed extensive air showers. The Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) is a global atmospheric model predicated on meteorological measurements and numerical weather predictions. GDAS provides altitude-dependent profiles of the main state variables of the atmosphere like temperature, pressure, and humidity. The original data and their application to the air shower reconstruction of the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. By comparisons with radiosonde and weather station measurements obtained on-site in MalargĂŒe and averaged monthly models, the utility of the GDAS data is shown. </p
Ultrahigh energy neutrinos at the Pierre Auger observatory
The observation of ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHEΜs) has become a priority in experimental astroparticle physics. UHEΜs can be detected with a variety of techniques. In particular, neutrinos can interact in the atmosphere (downward-going Μ) or in the Earth crust (Earth-skimming Μ), producing air showers that can be observed with arrays of detectors at the ground. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect these types of cascades. The distinguishing signature for neutrino events is the presence of very inclined showers produced close to the ground (i.e., after having traversed a large amount of atmosphere). In this work we review the procedure and criteria established to search for UHEΜs in the data collected with the ground array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This includes Earth-skimming as well as downward-going neutrinos. No neutrino candidates have been found, which allows us to place competitive limits to the diffuse flux of UHEΜs in the EeV range and above
Operations of and Future Plans for the Pierre Auger Observatory
Contributions to the 31st ICRC, Lodz, Poland, July 2009International audienceTechnical reports on operations and features of the Pierre Auger Observatory, including ongoing and planned enhancements and the status of the future northern hemisphere portion of the Observatory. Contributions to the 31st International Cosmic Ray Conference, Lodz, Poland, July 2009