Determination of platinum group elements (PGE) in soil and grass using ICP-MS in UKM Engineering Lake

Three elements in platinum group elements (PGE) which are platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) are widely used in vehicle exhaust as catalyst in changing material and toxic gases such as CO, HC and NOx. However, the release of vehicle exhaust emission has increased the content of platinum group elements in the environment including dust, soil, water and grasses and sediments. The research aimed to determine the PGE content in grass and soil and to determine the concentration of Pt, Pd and Rh metals obtained in samples. The research was done at 4 station at UKM Engineering Lake, Malaysia. Analysis was done using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Result of the research showed that Rh metal was present at grass and soil sample. The Rh metal concentration in grass sample is between 1. 770 µg/g to 15.225 µg/g and in soil sample is between 2.347  µg/g to 9.579  µg/g. Pt and Pd were not detected in all samples and all stations. There are 80 other elements detected in the analysis. However, only four elements were taken into consideration which were Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb Since these elements were originated from vehicles activities. Their presence showed that Rh metal detected was from catalyzed changer in vehicle

Biotechnology Application in the Manufacture of Nata De Coco as Learning of Life Skills Student of Semester V Biology Education Department Pasir Pengaraian University

Biotechnology applications as learning life skills can be applied in practice making nata de coco. This study aims to determine mastery of Nata de Coco manufacture as learning life skills in students, especially mastery Academic life skills and Social Life skils in biotechnology practical activities. In addition to the practicum students are able to create fermentation-based food products are good quality coconut water from the material. The results obtained in this study shows that the majority of students have mastery Academic life skills are good views of the percentage performance indicators Academic life skills. As for the Social Life skils student mastery has excellent views of the overall performance indicators with a percentage of more than 80%. With these results it is concluded that students can foster interest in and to improve skills in making and creating a fermentation-based food products are good quality coconut water from the material

Efektivitas Metode Praktikum Terhadap Hasil Belajar Psikomotorik Fisika Siswa SMA Negeri 3 Rambah Hilir

This research aims to determine the psychomotor abilities of student in learning physics based on practical method in SMA Negeri 3 Rambah Hilir. The design used in this research is the design of One-Shot Case Study. While the sample of thisresearch is the class XA SMA Negeri 3 Rambah Hilir by the number of students is 27 students.Determination of the sample was conducted using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used in this study is in the form of a guide sheet practicum and performance assessment. Data analysis performed in this study is effectiveness ratio to determine how big the percentage of target achieved on the targets set in thepractical implementation. The results of the analysis showed that the average classical completeness is equivalent to 85% with complete categories and the average ratio of effectiveness in classical amounted to 93.1% with the effective category. Thismeans that the use of practical method is effective in the psychomotor abilities of student in learning physics at SMA Negeri 3 Rambah Hilir

The prognostic role of WHO classification, urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and liver function tests in metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas of the gastroenteropancreatic tract

The World Health Organisation (WHO) classification (2000) is widely used to classify neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), yet its prognostic value needs to be confirmed. In this study, patients with metastatic NECs (n=119) were classified according to WHO guidelines into well differentiated and poorly differentiated (WDNECs and PDNECs). Histological differentiation based on WHO criteria had the highest impact on overall survival (OS) (PDNECs : WDNECs hazard ratio (HR)=4.02, P=0.02); however, PDNECs represented only a small percentage of patients (8%). In a WDNEC-restricted analysis, abnormal liver function tests (LFTs) and elevated urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (u5HIAA) were independent prognostic factors for survival (HR=2.65, P=0.006 and HR=2.51, P=0.003, respectively) and were used to create a WDNEC-specific prognostic model (low risk=both normal, intermediate risk=one of them abnormal, high risk=both abnormal). Low-risk WDNECs had the most favourable prognosis (median OS, mOS 8.1 years), which was significantly better compared to both intermediate-risk and high-risk WDNECs (mOS 3.2 and 1.4 years, with P=0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). High-risk WDNECs displayed the shortest OS (1.3 years), which was similar to that of PDNECs (P=0.572). This analysis supports the prognostic value of WHO classification for metastatic NECs arising from the gastroenteropancreatic tract; however, risk stratification using readily available u5HIAA and LFTs may be necessary for the heterogeneous group of WDNECs