International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Fisheries Sonar/ Mitson

283 hal. : ill. ; 25 c

Fisheries Sonar/ Mitson

283 hal. : ill. ; 25 c

Fisheries Sonar/ Mitson

283 hal. : ill. ; 25 c

Fish do not avoid survey vessels

The precarious condition of the world's fisheries is making ever-greater demands of the scientific assessment of fish stocks. Traditional assessments that rely on commercial catch statistics can have major shortcomings (as shown, for example, by the collapse of Canada's northern cod stock), increasing the need for more fishery-independent data. Acoustic surveys can provide such information, but ocean-going research vessels have high operating costs, and there is also widespread concern that fish avoid these vessels because of the noise they make, thereby biasing abundance estimates. Here we present new data gathered by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) showing that vessel avoidance is not a significant source of bias. Our investigation also heralds the arrival of AUVs as effective survey platforms