Basal cell carcinoma- a rare clinical image

We are presenting a case of a 50-year-old female, a farmer by profession and often exposed to sunlight. She came with complaints of lesions on her face along with pain over the lesions for the past year, which was left unmanaged since then. No one in their family has similar complaints as per her knowledge. On thorough inspection of lesions, there was neither sensory loss nor oozing of any fluid. On evaluation, there were lesions over the nose and medial aspects of eyes looked like a hemorrhagic crusted plaque with hyperpigmented border initially started as hyperpigmented papules which progressed to present size gradually in one year. Skin biopsy was sent for histopathological examination which confirmed it as basal cell carcinoma, on the confirmation the patient was referred to the oncology department for further management

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF STRUCTURED METHODOLOGIES AND STANDARD GUIDELINES TO ENHANCE ACADEMIC PROFICIENCY OF POTENTIAL LEARNERS PURSUING PHYSIOTHERAPY

Abstract Background: Potential learners are those who have the ability and motivation to learn new skills and knowledge outside of their comfort zones (where they struggle). Although they are slow learners, potential students do not have intellectual disabilities. Each school of higher education has its unique remedial procedures. Effectiveness of strategies on potential students in higher education institutions is understudied. Aim of the study is to identify the existing literature on Strategies and guidelines to improve academic proficiency of potential learners in Physiotherapy. Methodology: Based on the framework created by Arksey and O'Malley, this review was done. In July 2023, six databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, ProQuest, and CINAHL) were searched, and publications published between 2013 and 2023 were taken into consideration for inclusion. Two independent reviewers independently reviewed studies at the title/abstract, full-text, data extraction, and critical assessment stages. A data extraction form was used to obtain the data, which was then displayed as figures and tables with narratives. Results: 356 full text articles in total were downloaded, and their eligibility was determined. 64 articles which were duplicate records have been removed. 36 articles focused on various remedial tutoring techniques and have been found ineligible. Out of 256 only 13 papers that explicitly addressed the inclusion criteria were included in this study, and both reviewers reached the same judgement concerning their inclusion. Discussion: Although there are studies on remedial coaching, its relevance in higher educational institutions to demonstrate their efficacy has not been studied. Literature that emphasizes the connection between teaching approaches and learning styles is scarce. A significant lack of explicit recommendations and standardized standard techniques for potential learners is also suggested by the literature. Conclusion: The literature on identifying and assisting potential learners in physiotherapy is scarce. Additionally, there is a significant and potential interest in skill-based and inter professional education in the physiotherapy profession's education sector. Innovative abilities and the active learning idea are quite well suited to regular classroom-related activities, but their significance and set standards or techniques are not fully explored in prospective students

PARENT INTEGRATED THERAPY APPROACH (PITA) AS A TREATMENT FOR A CHILD WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD): A CASE STUDY

Abstract Background: This study was conducted on a 3-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with average compliance and average perceptive language skills. Delayed developmental milestones observed and concerned. Case Presentation: The case was started on May 2014 and intensive therapy was provided for a period of 11 months. Then, monitoring of case was done for about 5 years till December 2019. The intervention plan was an integrated approach of Psychologist, Speech Language Pathologist, and Physiotherapist and Sensory integration specialist and mainly inclusive of parents in treatment protocol. Acknowledging the importance of parents in therapy, Parents integrated protocol was included which was a new advanced therapy. Results: There is no scientific evidence of this approach – a positive outcome and a notable success – intervention – (1) reduced stress levels and economical struggle for parents and reduced anxiety in child. (2) Improve child-parent relationship and developing home environment into therapy-based atmosphere. (3) Educating parents to improve their compliance over the difficulties of child and able to help them in supporting the daily activities. (4) Ability to face the social disturbances and balance their emotions to face obstacles. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Parent Integrated Therapy Approach (PITA) with the help of didactic teaching therapy impacts child development in more advanced manner and more chances of child approaching to normal schooling

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: a rare case report of a female child emphasizing physiotherapy on gross motor function

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a chromosomal segment 16p13.3 microdeletion syndrome and is characterized by CREBBP gene mutations, delay in the development of height and weight, distinctive facial features, broad and sometimes angulated thumbs and halluces, short stature, and intellectual impairment that is mild to extreme. Current literature emphasizes mainly medical, dental, and psychiatric issues in RSTS and there is no retrievable literature on physiotherapy and its role in improving motor function in RSTS. The present case report is of a baby girl of 17 months suspected case of RSTS, presented with all the features of RSTS. Delay in the acquisition of skills and development were the chief complaints. We designed a 12-week treatment regimen that concentrated mainly on transitions using principles of neurodevelopmental therapy. Gross motor function measure (GMFM 88) was taken pre- and post-treatment which showed tremendous improvement. This is the first study on the role of physiotherapy in RSTS

The Effect of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilisation on Core Strength: A Literature Review

Training to improve the stability of the core is a routine component of the injury prevention regimen in the musculoskeletal conditions. The strength of the core muscles is significantly impacted by obesity. Obesity is linked to several physiological changes that reduce flexibility and cardiovascular fitness and slow down a person’s activities. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilisation (DNS) which is an approach for optimising the movement system is a rehabilitation approach founded on the original concept of developmental kinesiology. The DNS therapy method is based on a thorough analysis of the quality of stability and/or movement, to restore the integrated spinal stabilisation system through specialised functional exercises. All elements of the integrated spinal stabilisation system are co-activated in this, making it a holistic approach to treating any ailment. It’s been tried and tested for a variety of neurological and musculoskeletal problems. The approach of DNS has recently gained popularity. This method is mostly used to strengthen the core. The aim of the review is to find out effect of DNS on core strength in various neurological and musculoskeletal conditions. Further research is mandated in terms of interventional studies to prove its efficacy in various orthopaedic and neurological conditions

The Relationship between Kinesiophobia, Pain Intensity and Functional Disability among Elderly Individuals with Low Back Pain: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common health problem among elderly individuals, leading to pain and disability. Alongside pain, psychosocial factors have a significant impact on patients with LBP. Kinesiophobia is defined as a fear of physical movement and activity, which can result in avoidance of activities and movement, leading to deconditioning. The relationship between kinesiophobia and pain severity is complex and interrelated, with each affecting the other and restricting the patient’s participation in daily activities. Aim: To investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia, pain severity, and functional disability in older people with LBP. Materials and Methods: A total of 49 participants over 60 years old with LBP were recruited for this cross-sectional study at the Department of Physiotherapy, Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Subjects were recruited from March 2022 to February 2023 based on inclusion criteria. Screened participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, The subjects themselves filled out the outcome tools. including the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) Questionnaire, the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire tool, and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) to assess various aspects of kinesiophobia, functional disability, and pain severity. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between kinesiophobia, pain severity, and functional disability. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The age of the elderly participants ranged from 60 to 84 years, with a mean age of 70.9±6.5 years. positive correlation was found between kinesiophobia and functional disability (r value=0.464, p-value=0.001), while no correlation was observed between kinesiophobia and pain intensity. Conclusion: It is concluded that kinesiophobia may contribute to disability, as a positive relationship between kinesiophobia and functional disability was observed in individuals with LBP. However, no correlation was found between kinesiophobia and pain intensity

Effectiveness of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) on Balance and Functional Mobility in the Stroke Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is one of the most popular treatments for enhancing upper and lower extremity motor activities and participation in patients following a stroke. However, the effect of CIMT on balance is unclear and needs further clarification. The aim of this research was to estimate the effect of CIMT on balance and functional mobility in patients after stroke. After reviewing 161 studies from search engines including Google Scholar, EBSCO, PubMed, PEDro, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science, we included eight randomized controlled trials (RCT) in this study. The methodological quality of the included RCTs was verified using PEDro scoring. This systematic review showed positive effects of CIMT on balance in three studies and similar effects in five studies when compared to the control interventions such as neuro developmental treatment, modified forced-use therapy and conventional physical therapy. Furthermore, a meta-analysis indicated a statistically significant effect size by a standardized mean difference of 0.51 (P = 0.01), showing that the groups who received CIMT had improved more than the control groups. However, the meta-analysis results for functional mobility were statistically insignificant, with an effect size of −4.18 (P = 0.16), indicating that the functional mobility improvements in the investigated groups were not greater than the control group. This study’s findings demonstrated the superior effects of CIMT on balance; however, the effect size analysis of functional mobility was statistically insignificant. These findings indicate that CIMT interventions can improve balance-related motor function better than neuro developmental treatment, modified forced-use therapy and conventional physical therapy in patients after a stroke