Turner phenotype with normal sex chromosomal pattern and congenital heart disease (Noonan's syndrome)

Five patients with cardiovascular anomalies and Noonan's syndrome are described. In each instance, pulmonary stenosis with or without an atrial septal defect was present. Noonan's syndrome is similar to Turner's syndrome, but in the former both males and females are affected and the chromosomal pattern is normal. Webbing of the neck, shortness of stature, hypertelorism and other features are common to both syndromes.S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 219 (1974)

Diagnostic electrocardiographic patterns in Bantu myocardiopathy and constrictive pericarditis

The electrocardiogram was analysed in 28 adult Bantu patients with myocardiopathy and 33 with constrictive pericarditis. The over-all pattern was quite distinctive in the two groups. Patients with CP usually had sinus rhythm, notched P waves, low voltage QRS complexes in the standard and precordial leads, a normal QRS duration, no intraventricular conduction defects and a uniform and characteristic pattern of ST-T  wave change in most cases. In contrast, the ECG in MCO shows left ventricular hypertrophy, varying degrees of intraventricular conduction disturbance and patterns simulating myocardial infarction

Heart size in primary myocardial disease

Heart volume and cardia-thoracic ratio were compared statistically with the haemodynamic and angiocardiographic paramerers measured at cardiac cathererization in 18 patients with primary myocardial disease. Three patients had mild cardiomyopathy, 17 had classical cardiomyoparhy, in 6 valvular incompeience dominated The clinical picture and 12 were children. Heart volume and cardiothorasic ratio were related to each other. Heart volume, but nor cardio-thoracic ratio, were related to all the abnormal haemodynamic parameters suggesting that measurement of heart volume alone could be of predictive value in assessing The severity of ihe underlying haemodynamic abnormaliry

Diagnostic selective coronary arteriography

No Abstrac

Banding of the pulmonary artery

No Abstrac

Does Reverse Causality Underlie the Temporal Relationship between Depression and Crohn's Disease?

Background: Studies suggest that there is a temporal relationship between depression and Crohn's disease (CD) activity. However, these studies assumed a unidirectional relationship and did not examine the possibility of reverse causality and the risk of a spurious association due to the overlap of symptoms underlying the depression-CD relationship. We evaluated the existence of reverse causality reflected in a possible bidirectional relationship between patient-reported CD activity and an affective-cognitive dimension of depression. Methods: We studied 3307 adult volunteers with a self-reported diagnosis of CD who completed a baseline survey that included demographics, CD activity, and an affective-cognitive index of depression. Crohn's disease status and the affective-cognitive index of depression were also measured 6 and 12 months after the baseline evaluation. We used structural equation models to evaluate whether the effect of depression on future CD activity is stronger than the effect of CD activity on future depression. We calculated the likelihood that each of these hypotheses is supported by the data and calculated the likelihood ratio to provide a relative measure of which hypothesis best accounts for the data. Results: The results of the informative hypothesis testing showed the most support for the hypothesis stating that an affective-cognitive dimension of depression is a stronger predictor of patient-reported CD activity than the converse. Conclusions: The hypothesis that an affective-cognitive dimension of depression predicts patient-reported exacerbation of CD is 218 times more likely to account for the data than the converse

The Vlasov limit and its fluctuations for a system of particles which interact by means of a wave field

In two recent publications [Commun. PDE, vol.22, p.307--335 (1997), Commun. Math. Phys., vol.203, p.1--19 (1999)], A. Komech, M. Kunze and H. Spohn studied the joint dynamics of a classical point particle and a wave type generalization of the Newtonian gravity potential, coupled in a regularized way. In the present paper the many-body dynamics of this model is studied. The Vlasov continuum limit is obtained in form equivalent to a weak law of large numbers. We also establish a central limit theorem for the fluctuations around this limit.Comment: 68 pages. Smaller corrections: two inequalities in sections 3 and two inequalities in section 4, and definition of a Banach space in appendix A1. Presentation of LLN and CLT in section 4.3 improved. Notation improve