Biologische Verfahren zur Bodensanierung. Teilverbund 4: Oekotoxikologische Testbatterien. Teilvorhaben 4.2.1: Neuentwicklung und Praxiserprobung bodenzoologischer Testmethoden zur Erfolgskontrolle bei der Sanierung von Altlasten - Praxiserprobung und Standardisierung von Testmethoden mit terrestrischen Invertebraten

Available from TIB Hannover: F01B185 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Ueberpruefung und Validierung der terrestrischen Oekotoxizitaet Abschlussbericht

The purpose of the R+D-project was the development of a new type of database system covering ecotoxicological information on terrestrial and aquatic species as well as threshold and standard values. Data on terrestrial organisms retrieved especially for this purpose and water-related data from previously completed R+D-projects had to be integrated. A relational database system in a client-server-architecture was developed. This system consists of an efficient MS SQL-server database which can be accessed by an MS Access 2000-client for administrative purposes by the UBA. For the retrieval of data by the public a web-application (http://anubis.uba.de/etox target=NewWindow> http://anubis.uba.de/etox ) was developed. The database ETOX 1.0 covers 22000 ecotoxicological data and about 3000 data on international quality objectives. It permits the retrieval of data on 1499 chemical substances, 903 species, and 1508 literature sources. (orig.)Ziel des Vorhabens war die Entwicklung einer Datenbank, in der Informationen ueber die Toxizitaet von chemischen Substanzen auf terrestrische Organismen strukturiert gespeichert sind, um diese Substanzen qualifiziert bewerten zu koennen. Dabei wurde ein neuer Ansatz verfolgt, indem nicht nur aquatische und terrestrische oekotoxikologische Informationen sondern auch Grenz- und Richtwerte in einer gemeinsamen Datenbank gezielt abrufbar sind. Die Erhebung der auszuwertenden Veroeffentlichungen zur terrestrischen Oekotoxizitaet orientierte sich an der Liste der prioritaeren Stoffe des Umweltbundesamtes. In der Ausfuehrung des Projektes wurden auch bereits vorliegende wasserrelevante Daten aus vorhergehenden F+E-Vorhaben integriert. Es wurde ein relationales Datenbanksystem mit einer Client-Server-Architektur realisiert, bestehend aus einer MS SQL-Server Datenbank, die mit Hilfe eines MS Access 2000-Clients im Umweltbundesamt verwaltet wird und in dem ausserdem mittels eines WWW-Interface extern ueber die URL http://anubis.uba.de/etox recherchiert werden kann. Der Datenbestand der Datenbank ETOX 2.0 umfasst insgesamt 22000 oekotoxikologische Datensaetze und rund 3000 Datensaetze zu internationalen Grenz- und Richtwerten. Darueber hinaus sind Informationen zu 1499 chemischen Substanzen, 903 Organismen und 1508 Literaturzitaten aus ETOX abrufbar. (orig.)With CD-ROMSIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RN 8908(2000,294) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Tolerance of genetically characterized Folsomia candida strains to phenmedipham exposure

Abstract Background, Aims, and Scope The springtail Folsomia candida is a commonly used model species in ecotoxicological soil testing. The species reproduces parthenogenetically and, thus, laboratories use different clonal lineages. In this study, we investigated if genetic divergence between F. candida strains impacts the reaction to chemical stress and may thus affect the outcome of toxicity tests. Methods In two exposure assays (life-cycle reproduction test and avoidance behaviour test), three laboratory strains of F. candida from Portugal (PTG), Spain (SPN) and Denmark (DNK) were exposed to different concentrations of the reference chemical phenmedipham. Genetic divergence among strains was estimated based on mitochondrial COI sequence data. Results No significant differences between tolerance towards phenmedipham exposure were observed in a reproduction test. In contrast, one strain (SPN) showed a decreased susceptibility to phenmedipham compared to the other strains (PTG and DNK) in the avoidance assay. Discussion A phylogenetic tree based on mitochondrial COI sequences revealed clear genetic differentiation between both ‘reaction types’. Thus, we found a potential lineage dependent stress reaction in avoidance behaviour towards the pesticide. Conclusions Our findings have implications for the comparability of test results among laboratories. Reproduction tests seem to be more robust towards interclonal genetic differentiation than avoidance tests. Recommendations and Perspectives We recommend the use of molecular tools for simple and cost effective genetic characterization of F. candida strains used in chemical avoidance tests. Closer investigations concerning the relation between genetic relatedness and chemical response will provide a more detailed and comprehensive picture on the role of intraspecific genetic differentiation in stress tolerance

The effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals on terrestrial annelids in urban soils O efeito de hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos e metais pesados em anelídeos terrestres de solos urbanos

The effect of soil contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heavy metals on earthworms and enchytraeids was studied in urban parks, in Brno, Czech Republic. In spring and autumn 2007, annelids were collected and soil samples taken in lawns along transects, at three different distances (1, 5 and 30 m) from streets with heavy traffic. In both seasons, two parks with two transects each were sampled. Earthworms were collected using the electrical octet method. Enchytraeids were extracted by the wet funnel method from soil cores. All collected annelids were counted and identified. Basic chemical parameters and concentrations of 16 PAH, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were analysed from soil from each sampling point. PAH concentrations were rather low, decreasing with the distance from the street in spring but not in autumn. Heavy metal concentrations did not decrease significantly with increasing distance. Annelid densities did not significantly differ between distances, although there was a trend of increase in the number of earthworms with increasing distance. There were no significant correlations between soil content of PAH or heavy metals and earthworm or enchytraeid densities. Earthworm density and biomass were negatively correlated with soil pH; and enchytraeid density was positively correlated with soil phosphorus.<br>O efeito da contaminação do solo por hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos (PAH) e metais pesados em minhocas e enquitreídeos foi estudado em parques urbanos, em Brno, República Tcheca. Na primavera e outono de 2007, os anelídeos foram coletados, e amostras de solo foram retiradas de gramados ao longo de transectos, em três diferentes distâncias (1, 5 e 30 m) de ruas com muito tráfego. Nas duas estações, foram amostrados dois parques com dois transectos cada um. As minhocas com uso do método do octeto elétrico, e os enquitreídeos foram extraídos das amostras de solo pelo método do funil úmido. Todos os anelídeos coletados foram contados e identificados. Parâmetros químicos básicos e concentrações de 16 PAHs, Cd, Cu, Pb e Zn, de cada ponto de amostragem, foram analisados. As concentrações de PAH foram relativamente baixas, e decresceram na primavera, mas não no outono, com a distância da rua. As concentrações de metais pesados não diminuíram significativamente com o aumento da distância. As densidades de anelídeos não diferiram significativamente entre as distâncias, mas houve tendência de aumento no número de minhocas, com o aumento da distância. Não houve correlação significativa entre o conteúdo de PAH ou metais pesados do solo com as densidades de minhocas e enquitreídeos. A densidade e a biomassa das minhocas foram negativamente correlacionadas ao pH do solo; e a densidade de enquitreídeos foi positivamente correlacionada ao conteúdo de fósforo no solo