DETECTION OF A t -COMPLEX ANTIGEN BY SECONDARY CELL-MEDIATED LYMPHOCYTOTOXICITY

Because of the inconsistency in published results concerning the serological detection of cell surface antigens coded for by the t -complex, a cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity (CML) assay, secondary CML, was used in a search for t -antigens. By sensitizing C3H. Ttf (C3H. Brachyury, tufted) with the congenic strain C3H. Ttf/t w18 splenic cells, a response against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated splenic cells from C3H. Ttf/t w18 mice is obtained. The locus coding for the antigen detected by this reaction lies to the left of tf on the murine seventeenth chromosome. The secondary CML response to this antigen is H-2 restricted and detects an antigen on all t -haplotypes tested: t w18 , t w18 tf, t 12 , t 6 , t h2 tf, and t w5 .Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75626/1/j.1744-313X.1982.tb00789.x.pd

Repoman: A simple RESTful X.509 virtual machine image repository

With broader use of IaaS science clouds the management of multiple Virtual Machine (VM) images is becoming increasingly daunting for the user. In a typical workflow, users work on a prototype VM, clone it and upload it in preparation for building a virtual cluster of identical instances. We describe and benchmark a novel VM image repository (Repoman), which can be used to clone, update, manage, store and distribute VM images to multiple clouds. Users authenticate using X.509 grid proxy certificates to authenticate against Repoman's simple REST API. The lightweight Repoman CLI client tool has minimal python dependencies and can be installed in seconds using standard Python tools. We show that Repoman removes the burden of image management from users while simplifying the deployment of user specific virtual machines.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Simulation and user analysis of BaBar data in a distributed cloud

We present a distributed cloud computing system that is being used for the simulation and analysis of data from the BaBar experiment. The clouds include academic and commercial computing sites across Canada and the United States that are utilized in a unified infrastructure. Users retrieve a virtual machine (VM) with pre-installed application code; they modify the VM for their analysis and store it in a repository. The users prepare their job scripts as they would in a standard batch environment and submit them to a Condor job scheduler. The job scripts contain a link to the VM required for the job. A separate component, called Cloud Scheduler, reads the job queue and boots the requiredVMon one of the available compute clouds. The system is able to utilize clouds configured with various cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service software such as Nimbus, Eucalyptus and Amazon EC2. We find that the analysis jobs are able to run with high efficiency even if the data is located at distant locations. We will show that the distributed cloud system is an effective environment for user analysis and Monte Carlo simulation.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

A batch system for HEP applications on a distributed IaaS cloud

The emergence of academic and commercial Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds is opening access to new resources for the HEP community. In this paper we will describe a system we have developed for creating a single dynamic batch environment spanning multiple IaaS clouds of different types (e.g. Nimbus, OpenNebula, Amazon EC2). A HEP user interacting with the system submits a job description file with a pointer to their VM image. VM images can either be created by users directly or provided to the users. We have created a new software component called Cloud Scheduler that detects waiting jobs and boots the user VM required on any one of the available cloud resources. As the user VMs appear, they are attached to the job queues of a central Condor job scheduler, the job scheduler then submits the jobs to the VMs. The number of VMs available to the user is expanded and contracted dynamically depending on the number of user jobs. We present the motivation and design of the system with particular emphasis on Cloud Scheduler. We show that the system provides the ability to exploit academic and commercial cloud sites in a transparent fashion.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye