Global impact of COVID-19 on animal health and welfare

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health emergency that caused high scale morbidity and mortality in humans and billions got affected economically, psychologically and socially due to sudden change in lifestyle. Livestock sector involving millions of poor and marginal farmers was impacted due to movement restriction among humans. Animal health and disease management activities were delayed, halted, or abandoned due to pandemic. The industry slowed down for want of timely raw materials of livestock origin and also acute shortage of labourers due to pandemic. Though there are no estimates of economic loss incurred but indirect measures indicate significant direct and indirect losses to the sector. The animal health and disease data across world and the experience gained so far in handling pre-, post-, and during COVID-19 pandemic will provide essential inputs for preparedness to face future challenges

In:Neglected Zoonosess: Concern for one health

Not AvailableDescribes about the cysticercosis in animalsNot Availabl

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Evaluation of a recombinant major envelope protein (F1L) based indirect- ELISA for sero-diagnosis of orf in sheep and goats.

Not AvailableOrf or contagious ecthyma, is a highly contagious transboundary disease of sheep and goats. For sero-diagnosis of orf, recombinant antigen based assays are considered as alternatives to conventional approaches such as serum neutralization test (SNT) and counter-immuno-electrophoresis (CIE). A major envelope protein of orf virus (ORFV), F1L, is highly immunogenic and is a candidate for use in these assays. In this study, the F1L gene of the ORFV-59/05 strain encoding a recombinant mature F1L protein (1M-D302 aa) with a C- terminal truncation, was produced as a fusion protein (∼50 kDa) in Escherichia coli. The immunogenic potential of purified rF1L was confirmed by detecting specific anti-F1L antibody responses in sera collected from immunized rabbits and guinea pigs using ELISA and SNT. An indirect-ELISA based on rF1L was developed and optimized. In comparison to SNT by ROC analysis in the detection of ORFV specific antibodies, this new assay exhibited a diagnostic specificity of 94.04% and 92.53% with sheep and goat sera, respectively, while the sensitivity was 89.22% and 94.25%, for sheep and goat sera. No cross reactivity was noted with sera collected from small ruminants infected with other transboundary diseases (goatpox, sheeppox, peste des petits ruminants, foot-and-mouth disease and bluetongue). Furthermore, the rF1L-ELISA applied to screen the vaccinated/challenged goat sera resulted in better detection (30%) than by SNT (28%) in spite of lower levels of antibodies which could be due to predominant cell mediated immune response in vaccinated animals. This study highlighted the potential utility of rF1L protein as a safe and novel diagnostic reagent in comparison to live virus antigen, in the development of sero-diagnostic assay for surveillance of ORFV infection in sheep and goats.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableDescribes about the poultry acidifiers and its role in the poultry health and productionNot Availabl

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Not AvailableDescribes about the poultry acidifiers and its role in the poultry health and productionNot Availabl

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Not AvailableDescribes about the poultry hatchery hygiene to be maintained in a poultry farmNot Availabl

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Not AvailableDescribes about the sheep and goat pox in HindiNot Availabl

Expression and purification of recombinant type IV fimbrial subunit protein of Pasteurella multocida serogroup B:2 in Escherichia coli.

Pasteurella multocida serogroup B:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic secpticaemia (HS) in cattle and buffalo especially in tropical regions of Asia and African countries, is known to possess a type IV fimbriae (pili) as one of the virulent factors. In the present study, ptfA gene encoding for type IV fimbrial subunit of P. multocida serogroup B:2 (strain p52), an Indian HS vaccine strain, has been cloned and over-expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli. The recombinant type IV fimbrial subunit protein (∼31 kDa) including N-terminus histidine tag was purified under denaturing condition and confirmed by western blotting. A homology model of HS causing P. multocida serogroup B:2 fimbrial subunit has also been discussed. The study indicated the potential possibilities to use the recombinant fimbrial protein in developing HS subunit vaccine along with suitable adjuvant