224 research outputs found
Hydraulic casting of liquid polymers Patent
Hydraulic apparatus for casting and molding of liquid polymer
Two temporally synthesized charge subunits interact to form the five isoforms of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum) catalase
Identification of Peroxisome Membrane Proteins (PMPs) in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cotyledons and Influence of Light on the PMP Developmental Pattern
Smartphone and medical related App use among medical students and junior doctors in the United Kingdom (UK): a regional survey
Background: Smartphone usage has spread to many settings including that of healthcare with numerous potential
and realised benefits. The ability to download custom-built software applications (apps) has created a new wealth
of clinical resources available to healthcare staff, providing evidence-based decisional tools to reduce medical errors.
Previous literature has examined how smartphones can be utilised by both medical student and doctor
populations, to enhance educational and workplace activities, with the potential to improve overall patient care.
However, this literature has not examined smartphone acceptance and patterns of medical app usage within the
student and junior doctor populations.
Methods: An online survey of medical student and foundation level junior doctor cohorts was undertaken within
one United Kingdom healthcare region. Participants were asked whether they owned a Smartphone and if they
used apps on their Smartphones to support their education and practice activities. Frequency of use and type of
app used was also investigated. Open response questions explored participantsâ views on apps that were desired or
recommended and the characteristics of apps that were useful.
Results: 257 medical students and 131 junior doctors responded, equating to a response rate of 15.0% and 21.8%
respectively. 79.0% (n=203/257) of medical students and 74.8% (n=98/131) of junior doctors owned a smartphone,
with 56.6% (n=115/203) of students and 68.4% (n=67/98) of doctors owning an iPhone.
The majority of students and doctors owned 1â5 medical related applications, with very few owning more than 10,
and iPhone owners significantly more likely to own apps (Chi sq, p<0.001). Both populations showed similar trends
of app usage of several times a day. Over 24hours apps were used for between 1â30 minutes for students and
1â20 minutes for doctors, students used disease diagnosis/management and drug reference apps, with doctors
favouring clinical score/calculator apps.
Conclusions: This study found a high level of smartphone ownership and usage among medical students and
junior doctors. Both groups endorse the development of more apps to support their education and clinical
practice
Histochemical aspects of reserves mobilization of Caesalpinia peltophoroides (Leguminosae) seeds during germination and seedlings early growth
How robust are community-based plant bioindicators? Empirical testing of the relationship between Ellenberg values and direct environmental measures in woodland communities
There are several community-based bioindicator systems that use species presence or abundance data as proxies for environmental variables. One example is the Ellenberg system, whereby vegetation data are used to estimate environmental soil conditions. Despite widespread use of Ellenberg values in ecological research, the correlation between bioindicated values and actual values is often an implicit assumption rather than based on empirical evidence. Here, we correlate unadjusted and UK-adjusted Ellenberg values for soil moisture, pH, and nitrate in relation to direct environmental measures for 50 woodland sites in the UK, which were subject to repeat sampling. Our results show the accuracy of Ellenberg values is parameter specific; pH values were a good proxy for direct environmental measures but this was not true for soil moisture, when relationships were weak and non-significant. For nitrates, there were important seasonal differences, with a strong positive logarithmic relationship in the spring but a non-significant (and negative) correlation in summer. The UK-adjusted values were better than, or equivalent to, Ellenbergâs original ones, which had been quantified originally for Central Europe, in all cases. Somewhat surprisingly, unweighted values correlated with direct environmental measures better than did abundance-weighted ones. This suggests that the presence of rare plants can be highly important in accurate quantification of soil parameters and we recommend using an unweighted approach. However, site profiles created only using rare plants were inferior to profiles based on the whole plant community and thus cannot be used in isolation. We conclude that, for pH and nitrates, the Ellenberg system provides a useful estimate of actual conditions, but recalibration of moisture values should be considered along with the effect of seasonality on the efficacy of the system
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