10,988 research outputs found
Prediction of a surface state and a related surface insulator-metal transition for the (100) surface of stochiometric EuO
We calculate the temperature and layer-dependent electronic structure of a
20-layer EuO(100)-film using a combination of first-principles and model
calculation based on the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice model. The results suggest
the existence of a EuO(100) surface state which can lead to a surface
insulator-metal transition.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. (in press
On the origin of surface states in a correlated local-moment film
The electronic quasiparticle structure of a ferromagnetic local moment film
is investigated within the framework of the s-f model. For the special case of
a single electron in an otherwise empty energy band being exchange coupled to a
fully ordered localised spin system the problem can be solved exactly and, for
the spin-down electron, some marked correlation effects can be found. We extend
our model to incorporate the influence of the surface on the electronic
structure. Therefore we modify the hopping integrals in the vicinity of the
surface. This leads to the existence of surface states, both for the spin-up
and the spin-down spectral density of states. The interplay between the
modification of the hopping integrals and the existence of surface states and
correlation effects is discussed in detail.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in European Physical
Journal
A new possibility to monitor collisions of relativistic heavy ions at LHC and RHIC
We consider the radiation of particles of one bunch in the collective field
of the oncoming bunch, called coherent bremsstrahlung (CBS). The main
characteristics of CBS for LHC (in the Pb-Pb mode) and for RHIC are calculated.
At LHC about photons per second are expected for
photon energies eV. It seems that CBS
can be a potential tool for optimizing collisions and for measuring beam
parameters. The bunch length can be found from the critical energy of the CBS
spectrum; the transverse bunch size is related to the photon rate. A specific
dependence of photon rate on the impact parameter between the beams allows for
a fast control over the beam displacement.Comment: 9 pages + 4 figures, latex with poscript figures uuencode
Recasting Economics as if the Climate and Global Ecology Really Mattered
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Real-time dynamics in Quantum Impurity Systems: A Time-dependent Numerical Renormalization Group Approach
We develop a general approach to the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum
impurity systems for arbitrary coupling strength. The numerical renormalization
group is used to generate a complete basis set necessary for the correct
description of the time evolution. We benchmark our method with the exact
analytical solution for the resonant-level model. As a first application, we
investigate the equilibration of a quantum dot subject to a sudden change of
the gate voltage and external magnetic field. Two distinct relaxation times are
identified for the spin and charge dynamics.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Structural and Functional Organization of Macroarthropod Communities in a Mined Versus a Pristine Stream in the Cumberland Mountains of Eastern Tennessee
The effects of surface mining coal on the structural and functional organization of macroarthropod communities as a result of changes in the physical structure of small streams was investigated. Two first order streams in the Cumberland Mountains of eastern Tennessee, a pristine reference stream and a stream mined approximately 15 years earlier, were compared for particulate organic matter (POM) dynamics, structural and functional group composition, and productivity of their mecroarthropod communities. POM dynamics of the two streams were compared by measuring their input, standing stock, and processing in each stream. Macroinvertebrates were sampled with standard Surber samplers. The community structure of the two streams was compared in terms of taxonomic composition, abundance, species richness, and Shannon diversity. Functional group composition of the macroarthropod communities were compared using the functional group classification of Merritt and Cummins (1984). Productivity of the dominant taxa was calculated by the size-frequency method. The total productivity and productivity within functional feeding groups were then compared.
Input and standing stock of POM in the two streams was similar. Faster rates of POM processing in the mined stream resulted from greater macroarthropod shredder densities. Differences in POM processing, macroarthropod functional group composition, and productivity within functional groups between the two streams suggest that their macroarthropod communities are functionally different. The lower abundance, species richness, and diversity were typical of the structural differences reported for other macroarthropod communities in mined streams of this region. Overall productivity of the surface mined stream was similar to the reference stream, although it was disturbed differently between functional groups.
The results indicated that analysis of the functional group organization of mined streams reveals important differences in their ecology which could be underestimated or overlooked by conventional indices of community structure. Taxonomic surveys and diversity indices provide useful tools for monitoring and detection of environmental degradation. However, additional understanding of the causal relationships between environmental disturbance and biological change can be obtained from a functional approach which can identify its effects on specific biological processes in the stream community
Perturbative renormalisation of quark bilinear operators for overlap fermions with and without stout links and improved gauge action
We calculate lattice renormalisation constants of local and one-link quark
operators for overlap fermions and improved gauge actions in one-loop
perturbation theory. For the local operators we stout smear the SU(3) links in
the fermionic action. Using the popular tadpole improved L\"uscher-Weisz
actions at and we present numerical values for the Z
factors in the scheme (partly as function of the stout smearing
strength). We compare various levels of mean field (tadpole) improvement which
have been applied to our results.Comment: 7 page
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