Web Phishing Detection In Machine Learning Using Heuristic Image Based Method

Phishing attacks are significant threat to users of the Internet causing tremendous economic loss every year. In combating phish Industry relies heavily on manual verification to achieve a low false positive rate, which however tends to be slows in responding to the huge volume created by toolkits. The goal here is to combine the best aspects of human verified blacklists and heuristic-based methods which are the low false positive rate of the former and the broad coverage of the latter. The key insight behind our detection algorithm is to leverage existing human-verified blacklists and apply the shingling technique, a popular near duplicate detection algorithm used by search engines, to detect phish in a probabilistic fashion with very high accuracy. The features introduced in Carnegie Mellon Anti-Phishing and Network Analysis Tool (CANTINA), in similarity feature to a machine learning based phishing detection system. By preliminarily experimented with a small set of 200 web data, consisting of 100 phishing webs and another 100 non-phishing webs. The evaluation result in terms of f-measure was upto 0.9250, with 7.50 % of error rate is implemented

History of Use and Trade of Agarwood

Aromatics originating from the resin-infused infected wood of the Aquilaria and Gyrinops genera have distinct and valued fragrances. Resin formation occurs as a response to internal injury and/or infections in the stems of the agarwood tree. The incenses and perfumes that are produced from agarwood have been valued for centuries and used by many cultures for spiritual, opulent, and aphrodisiac purposes. Agarwood is highly revered in the seminal texts of Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam. As early as 1400 B.C.E., agarwood was described as a fragrant product in Sanskrit texts, and in 65 B.C.E., Dioscorides detailed several medical applications for agarwood. Knowledge of human-induced agarwood formation was recorded in China as early as 300 C.E., where it was known that cutting into a tree would lead to a color change in its internal tissues within a year of the injury as a consequence of resin development. There is historical evidence of international trade in agarwood between the producing (tropical southeastern Asia) and consuming (Middle East, India, China, and Japan) regions of the world. Agarwood has been consumed primarily as incense with the burning of wood chips directly or as an important ingredient for powdered incense blends. The aromatic qualities of agarwood are influenced by the species and variety of the two genera, geographic location, its branch, trunk and root origin, length of time since infection, and methods of harvesting and processing. The subtle but numerous variations in agarwood properties led to the development of systems for product classification and description in several consumer countries. This paper reviews the uses and trade of agarwood and its social, political, and economic significance in human history