60 research outputs found
Quantum real-space transfer in a heterostructure overgrown on the cleaved edge of a superlattice
A dispersion relation for an electron in a two-layer (and also multilayer) quantum well (QW) is formed as a result of a certain combination of initial dispersion relations for each of the forming layers. Such a combination can be used to engineer new dispersion relations with desirable properties. The same relates to a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) induced in a multilayer medium. In this study, we consider first such a 2DEG in a specific two-layer structure where a superlattice (SL) plays the role of the second half-infinite layer, and electrons with large wave numbers along the SL vector spread from the first ordinary QW layer to this SL. As a result of such a quantum (dynamic) real-space transfer, electrons become heavier, and the dispersion relation achieves an additional negative effective mass (NEM) section. Such NEM dispersion relations were studied for several different material systems, including the two most interesting three-material systems: (1) an isomorphic Al0.15Ga0.85As//GaAs/Al0.5Ga0.5AsAl0.15Ga0.85As//GaAs/Al0.5Ga0.5As structure and (2) a strained In0.53Ga0.47As//InxGa1βxAs/InyAl1βyIn0.53Ga0.47As//InxGa1βxAs/InyAl1βy As structure (x>0.53,(x>0.53, y<0.52)y<0.52) with a strain-balanced InxGa1βxAs/InyAl1βyAsInxGa1βxAs/InyAl1βyAs SL. Most of the results were verified using a simplified 1D model, but some of them were verified by more complicated 2D-model calculations. Β© 2003 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70061/2/JAPIAU-93-1-330-1.pd
New NIR-emissive tetranuclear Er(III) complexes with 4-hydroxo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazolate and dibenzoylmethanate ligands: synthesis and characterization
New tetranuclear heteroleptic complexes [Er4(dbm)6(O-btd)4(OH)2] (1) and [Er4(dbm)4(O-btd)6(OH)2] (2) (O-btd = 4-hydroxo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazolate and dbm = dibenzoylmethanide) and their solvates with toluene, THF and CH2Cl2 were prepared using two synthetic approaches. The structures of the products were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Magnetic properties of 1 and 2 are in good agreement with X-ray data. The effective magnetic moment (ΞΌeff) values at 300 K for 1 and 2 corresponds to a system of 4 non-interacting Er(III) ions in the ground state 4J15/2 with g = 6/5. At ambient temperature and upon excitation with Ξ»exc = 450 nm, complexes 1 and 2 exhibit luminescence at βΌ1530 nm, i.e. in the near infra-red (NIR) region. The luminescence intensity grows with increasing the number of the (O-btd)βligands in the complexes. This observation suggests (O-btd)β as a new efficient antenna ligand for the lanthanide-based NIR luminescence
Micellization of alkylated 1.4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane by nuclear magnetic resonance technique using pulsed gradient of static magnetic field
A phenomenon of micellization of 4-aza-1-tetradecyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2] octane bromide (AB-14) in aqueous solution has been studied by the methods of nuclear magnetic resonance using magnetic field pulse gradient and fluorimetry. The critical micelle concentration is determined; concentration dependences of percentage of free AB-14 molecules and those associated with micelles as well as radii of micelles and numbers of their aggregation are established. Effect of external and internal translational diffusion of molecules on lifetime of AB-14 molecules in micelles is investigated. Β© 2012 Elsevier B.V
Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ· ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°
In experiment on laboratory rats Wistars by a method of appearing through electronic microscopy of a liver it is established, that at action of small doses of fluorine (0,5 mg/kg of a fluorine-ions within 1 month) hepatocitys are exposed destructions by damp lyses, and endoteliocitys β apoptosis. A special kind destructions is migration mytochondris in kernels hepatocitys with the subsequent formation megaautohpagosomes and them lyses. In basalition to a membrane develops fibrosis and appear pathological message between space Disse and a gleam of sinusoidal capillaries. The conclusion that small doses of fluorine close to used at osteoporosis correction, cause destructive changes in a liver that does necessary to carry out the actions directed on inactivation of fluorine becomes.Π ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° (0,5 ΠΌΠ³ ΡΡΠΎΡ-ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° 1 ΠΊΠ³ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 1 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ) Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ β Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ. Π Π±Π°Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ· ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π°, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°
Π‘Π’Π ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π₯ Π‘Π€ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ ΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ Π‘ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ¨ΠΠ
With gistostereometry study the structure of the anal canal and anal sphincter dogs in norm and after proctectomy with bringing down the colon, forming neoanus and neosphinkter. The artificial sphincter is the inevitable process of smooth muscle atrophy can save at least half the volume of smooth muscle, similar to the number in the internal sphincter needed to restore function after holding involuntary proctectomy. Neoanus of mucous and submucosal colon relegated acquired typical smooth relief with the advent of the vertical pleats on the type of anal columns of Morgagni and with the perianal skin was closely associated with the subcutaneous portion of the external sphincter smooth muscle and an artificial sphincter. Thus, the experimental model of the internal sphincter and neoanus created by bringing down the mucous and the formation of smooth cuffs, very similar in quantitative and qualitative terms, the structure of the anal canal and anal sphincter dogs and can be used in clinical practice.Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊ Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΡΡ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π» ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ³Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ ΠΈ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅
Analysis of recombinant VEGF gene expression by genetically modified umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells in experiment in vivo
To obtain a significant therapeutic effect transplanted genetically modified cells should have an enhanced ability to survive and active expression of the therapeutic gene. In this paper, by using immunofluorescent staining we investigated the functional activity of the gene-cell formulation designed to deliver a therapeutic gene into the area of regeneration. As a model we used transgenic SOD1-G93A mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype which received xenotransplantation of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells, genetically modified with adenoviral expression vector encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the reporter green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Results of the study allowed to establish not only the duration of survival of transplanted cells, but also the efficiency of expression of recombinant genes in genetically modified cells in vivo. Double immunofluorescent staining with antibodies against human nuclear antigen HNA and VEGF detected HNA+/VEGF+ cells in the terminal stage of disease 15 weeks after transplantation. These data suggest that genetically modified umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells, transplanted into SOD1-G93A transgenic mice, are able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and migrate into the area of degeneration of nerve tissue and survive from the time of transplantation until the death of animals at the terminal stage of disease. At that time adenoviral expression vector encoding therapeutic gene is functionally active in transplanted cells, and secretory products of recombinant gene act on target cells by a paracrine mechanism
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