Entanglement of internal and external angular momenta of a single atom

We consider the exchange of spin and orbital angular momenta between a circularly polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam of light and a single atom trapped in a two-dimensional harmonic potential. The radiation field is treated classically but the atomic center-of-mass motion is quantized. The spin and orbital angular momenta of the field are individually conserved upon absorption, and this results in the entanglement of the internal and external degrees of freedom of the atom. We suggest applications of this entanglement in quantum information processing.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Non-perturbative studies of N=2 conformal quiver gauge theories

We study N=2 super-conformal field theories in four dimensions that correspond to mass-deformed linear quivers with n gauge groups and (bi-)fundamental matter. We describe them using Seiberg-Witten curves obtained from an M-theory construction and via the AGT correspondence. We take particular care in obtaining the detailed relation between the parameters appearing in these descriptions and the physical quantities of the quiver gauge theories. This precise map allows us to efficiently reconstruct the non-perturbative prepotential that encodes the effective IR properties of these theories. We give explicit expressions in the cases n=1,2, also in the presence of an Omega-background in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit. All our results are successfully checked against those of the direct microscopic evaluation of the prepotential a la Nekrasov using localization methods.Comment: 56 pages, 7 figures, PdfLaTeX. v2: a few references added, version to appear on Fortschritte der Physi

Modular and duality properties of surface operators in N=2* gauge theories

We calculate the instanton partition function of the four-dimensional N=2* SU(N) gauge theory in the presence of a generic surface operator, using equivariant localization. By analyzing the constraints that arise from S-duality, we show that the effective twisted superpotential, which governs the infrared dynamics of the two-dimensional theory on the surface operator, satisfies a modular anomaly equation. Exploiting the localization results, we solve this equation in terms of elliptic and quasi-modular forms which resum all non-perturbative corrections. We also show that our results, derived for monodromy defects in the four-dimensional theory, match the effective twisted superpotential describing the infrared properties of certain two-dimensional sigma models coupled either to pure N=2 or to N=2* gauge theories.Comment: 51 pages, v3: references added, typos fixed, footnote added, some small changes in the text, appendix B streamlined. Matches the published versio

Surface operators in 5d gauge theories and duality relations

We study half-BPS surface operators in 5d N=1 gauge theories compactified on a circle. Using localization methods and the twisted chiral ring relations of coupled 3d/5d quiver gauge theories, we calculate the twisted chiral superpotential that governs the infrared properties of these surface operators. We make a detailed analysis of the localization integrand, and by comparing with the results from the twisted chiral ring equations obtain constraints on the 3d and 5d Chern-Simons levels so that the instanton partition function does not depend on the choice of integration contour. For these values of the Chern-Simons couplings, we comment on how the distinct quiver theories that realize the same surface operator are related to each other by Aharony-Seiberg dualities.Comment: 39 pages. v2: A few sentences rephrased, references added, and typos corrected. Matches version published in JHE

Fuzzy Logic based Modelling and Simulation Approach for the estimation of Tire Forces

AbstractTire modeling is an important aspect of vehicle dynamics as the forces and moments required to control the vehicle's motion are eventually transmitted through the tire and the tire road interface is also an important source for the dynamic excitation of the vehicle. This paper presents a fuzzy logic based approach for estimating tire forces, aligning moment of tire for the different slip ratio and slip angles. Proposed fuzzy logic approach requires slip angle and slip ratio, as the input variables, and estimates the longitudinal force, lateral force, aligning moment as the output variables. Membership functions of input, output variables and fuzzy rules are formulated based on the values obtained using the widely adopted Magic formula for tire model. Simulation values for longitudinal, lateral forces and aligning moment of the tire using the proposed fuzzy model is found to provide good correlation with the magic model. Proposed fuzzy logic frame work does not require the estimation of model parameters used in the Magic formula and it will be useful in developing vehicle control system

The Effect of Normalization on Intrusion Detection Classifiers (Na�ve Bayes and J48)

Intrusion Detection has become an inevitable area for commercial applications and academic research. Network traffic is typically very high volume and consists of both qualitative and quantitative data with different range of values. Raw data needs to be pre-processed before fed into any learning model and the most used technique is normalization [1]. Attribute normalization eliminates the dominance of attributes with extreme values by scaling it within the range. However, many intrusion detection methods do not normalize attributes before training and detection [2]. Network traffic data contains features that are qualitative or quantitative nature and has to be treated differently [3]. This work studies the effect of normalization on Naive Bayes and J48 Decision tree classifier with the corrected KDDCUP99 and Kyoto 2006+ dataset. A comprehensive approach for normalization for network traffic attributes has been proposed

Characterization and Electrical Conductivity of Electron Beam Irradiated Metal Phthalocyanine Complexes

Variation of DC electrical conductivity with temperature from 273-473 K of electron beam irradiated Tetra-nitro zinc, and Cu-Pcs,   were carried out. It   shows semiconductor behavior and resistivity varies from 0.043×10 5 Ω -cm to 64.61×10 5 Ω -cm for all complexes. Variation of conductivity with temperature shows two straight lines of different slopes the first line (LT), resembles the α– phase, (Ea 1 ) = 0.226 eV while the second line at 362 K resembles the β - phase (Ea 2 ) = 0.460 eV (for Cu- Pcs). The β -phase shows higher activation energy than the α -phase, and the X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the crystals are monoclinic. The conductivity is explained on the basis of Davis and Mott model. The conduction mechanism at lower temperature is explained in terms of hoping through a band of localized states and at higher temperatures in terms of thermal excitation of carriers to the band edge